Histology and histopathology Vol.35, nº5 (2020)
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- PublicationOpen AccessEwing's sarcoma of the cervix: a case report and review of literature.(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Zhang, Yangyang; Nong, Weixia; Ren, Yan; Jiang, Jinfang; Zhang, Haijun; Meng, Lian; Li, Qianru; Zhang, Qiaochu; Wang, Xiaomeng; Wang, Yang; Liu, Chunxia; Li, FengEwing’s sarcoma (ES) is a small cell malignant tumor that occurs in the bone of children or adolescents. ES can also occur in extraskeletal organs, such as the pancreas, thyroid, liver, proximal phalanx, and, rarely, cervix. Only 15 published case reports have discussed ES arising in the cervix. We report a 76-year- old woman who had groin mass. ES was diagnosed in accordance with morphological and immunohisto- chemical maps. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and RT-PCR (reverse transcription PCR) revealed ESWR1 gene rearrangement and fusion gene formation (EWS- FLI-1), both of which confirmed the diagnosis of ES. Although the patient underwent surgical resection, the patient died without chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This case is the first one to involve a patient aged over 70 years and the fifth one to show metastasis occurrence
- PublicationOpen AccessThe regulatory roles and potential prognosis implications of long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Wang, Yue; Yang, Fan; Yang, QingAccumulating dysregulated lncRNAs have been demonstrated to execute vital functions in the pathogenesis and progress of gastric cancer (GC) through versatile molecular mechanisms. In this review, we classify the mechanisms of dysregulated lncRNAs in GC into several governing types according to their roles at molecular level. For each regulatory role, we illustrate several instructive examples and introduce significant effects of lncRNAs on cellular biological properties of GC. Besides, we summarize a group of lncRNA- signatures that are potential biomarkers in the prediction of prognosis for GC patients.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe role of the non-ciliated bronchiolar cell in tolerance to inhaled vanadium of the bronchiolar epithelium(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) López Valdez, Nelly; Guerrero Palomo, Gabriela; Rojas-Lemus, Marcela; Bizarro-Nevares, Patricia; González-Villalva, Adriana; Ustarroz-Cano, Martha; Rivera-Fernández, Norma; Fortoul, Teresa I.The Non-Ciliated Bronchiolar Cell (NCBC) is responsible for the defense and maintenance of the bronchiolar epithelium. Several cellular defense mechanisms have been associated with an increase in the secretion of CC16 and changes in the phenotype of the cell; these mechanisms could be linked to tolerance to the damage due to exposure to inhaled Particulate Matter (PM) of the epithelium. These defense mechanisms have not been sufficiently explored. In this article, we studied the response of the NCBC to inhaled vanadium, an element which adheres to PM. This response was measured by the changes in the phenotype of the NCBC and the secretion of CC16 in a mouse model. Mice were exposed in two phases to different vanadium concentrations; 1.56 mg/m 3 in the first phase and 2.57 mg/m3 in the second phase. Mice were sacrificed on the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 8th weeks. In the second phase, we observed the following: sloughing of the NCBC, hyperplasia and small inflammatory foci remained without changes and that the expression of CC16 was higher in this phase than in phase I. We also observed a change in the phenotype with a slow decrease in both phases. The increase in the secretion of CC16 and the phenotype reversion could be due to the anti- inflammatory activity of CC16. The changes observed in the second phase could be attributed to the tolerance to inhaled vanadium.
- PublicationOpen AccessDiagnostic utility of CD205 in breast cancer: Simultaneous detection of myoepithelial cells and dendritic cells in breast tissue by CD205(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Ohe, Rintaro; Aung, Naing Ye; Tamura, Yuka; Kabasawa, Takanobu; Utsunomiya, Aya; Tamazawa, Nobuyuki; Kitaoka, Takumi; Meng, Hong-Xue; Shibata, Kenichi; Yamakawa, MitsunoriBackground. CD205 can be used to detect myoepithelial cells (MECs) and dendritic cells (DCs) in breast tissue. However, the usefulness of CD205 immunostaining in the pathological diagnosis of breast tumors is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to re-evaluate CD205 co-expression with other MEC markers, such as p63 and CD10, in nonneoplastic and neoplastic breast tissue and to evaluate its pathological diagnostic utility in these types of breast cancer. Material and methods. Nonneoplastic breast tissue samples with a terminal duct lobular unit and duct were obtained from fibroadenoma and mastopathy patients. Neoplastic breast tissue samples included ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=43) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (n=60), including the tubule-forming type (n=20). These specimens were investigated by CD205, p63, and CD10 immunostaining. Results. In addition to p63 and CD10, CD205 was expressed on MECs in nonneoplastic breast and DCIS tissue samples; CD205 was simultaneously detected on DCs that had infiltrated DCIS and IDC tumor nests. CD205 was expressed on cancer cells themselves in only 7.3% of the breast cancer samples. The number of intratumoral CD205 + DCs in tubular IDC was significantly higher than that in DCIS (P<0.01)
- PublicationOpen AccessCK20 and lymph node involvement predict adverse outcome of malignant intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Shi, Jie; Wan, Xueshuai; Xie, Yuan; Lin, Jianzhen; Long, Junyu; Xu, Weiyu; Liang, Zhiyong; Sang, Xinting; Zhao, HaitaoObjectives. To identify prognostic factors of malignant intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (m-IPNB). Materials and Methods. We included 38 consecutive cases which underwent surgical resection and diagnosed as IPNB with malignant component from January 2003 to January 2017. Clinicopathological variables were collected to conduct survival analysis and identify prognostic factors. Results. The median overall survival (OS) of m- IPNB was 76.0 months, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 97.2%, 73.5%, and 59.8%, respectively. The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 48.0 months with 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rate was 83.2%, 59.8%, and 44.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that elevation of carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA), lymph node involvement, resection margin status, degree of periductal invasion, and positive expression of CK20 were associated with both OS and RFS of m-IPNB. After multivariate Cox models analysis, lymph node involvement and positive expression of CK20 were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS, while lymph node involvement and resection margin status were independent prognostic factors for RFS. The median OS of patients with m-IPNB involving lymphatic metastases and positive expression of CK20 was 27.0±8.8 months and 51.0±12.4 months, respectively. The median RFS of cases with lymph node involvement and R1 resection was 10.0±3.3 months and 25.0±6.9 months, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in OS or RFS between cases of pancreaticobiliary and intestinal subtype. Conclusions. Lymph node involvement and positive expression of CK20 are independent prognostic factors for shorter OS of m-IPNB, while patients with lymph node involvement and positive resection margin are at higher risk of tumor recurrence.
- PublicationOpen AccessMicroscopic study of chronic Charcot arthropathy foot bones contributes to understanding pathogenesis - a preliminary report.(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Dharmadas, Salini; Kumar, Harish; Pillay, Minnie; Jojo, Annie; Tessy, P.J.; Mangalanandan, Thacho Sukumaran; Vivek, Lakshmanan; Praveen, Valiyaparambil Pavithran; Bal, ArunIntroduction. Charcot arthropathy (CA) is non-infective, chronic destructive condition affecting the pes architecture of long standing diabetic patients with neuropathy. Even though several theories have emerged to disclose its pathogenesis, inflammatory cytokine induced osteoclastogenesis stands as the chief culprit. Studies on micro-architecture of foot bones of acute stage CA patients, describes mainly destructive phase of bone remodelling. Increased osteoclast cell activity is reported in all studies communicated. No study has to the best of our knowledge detailed the microscopic structure of chronic stage CA foot bones. Aim. To study the microscopic structure of foot bones in patients with chronic CA. Materials and methods. Foot bones were collected from the feet of chronic CA patients (six in number) who underwent corrective foot surgery in the department of Podiatric Surgery of a tertiary care hospital. Control samples were collected from the feet of age matched non-diabetic controls (2 in number). The samples were fixed in formalin, decalcified in 10% nitric acid, processed, sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histopathology and histomorphometry analysis were performed by two different pathologists. Results. Trabeculae of chronic CA foot bones exhibited mainly a lamellar architecture, with reduced number of osteocytes and plenty of empty lacunae. Trabecular connectivity was lost and trabeculae showed considerable thinning. Trabecular osteoids lined by active osteoblast cells was a remarkable observation. Bone area was also considerably reduced in chronic CA foot bones. Conclusion. Chronic stage CA foot bones presented features of both healing and fragile bone. The compromised bone quality may be due to thin and fragmented trabecular structure and reduced cellularity.
- PublicationOpen AccessRole of androgen receptor expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Sanguedolce, Francesca; Cormio, Luigi; Carrieri, Giuseppe; Calò, Beppe; Russo, Davide; Menin, Andrea; Pastore, Antonio Luigi; Greco, Francesco; Bozzini, Giorgio; Galfano, Antonio; Pini, Giovannalberto; Porreca, Angelo; Mugavero, Filippo; Falsaperla, Mario; Ceruti, Carlo; Cindolo, Luca; Antonelli, Alessandro; Minervini, AndreaIn order to evaluate the potential prognostic/predictive role of androgen receptor (AR) expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and whether it may represent a therapeutic target, we conducted a systematic search of the literature using ‘androgen receptor or AR’, ‘testosterone’, ‘bladder cancer’ and ‘non-muscle invasive bladder cancer or NMIBC’ as keywords. Eleven studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. No significant association was found between AR status and patients’ gender (p=0.232), tumor size (p=0.975), tumor stage (p=0.237), tumor grade (p=0.444), tumor multicentricity (p=0.397), concomitant CIS (p=0.316) and progression of disease (p=0.397). On the other hand, relative lack of AR expression was significantly correlated to recurrent disease (p=0.001). Evidence for a direct correlation between AR expression and recurrence-free survival of patients with NMIBC indicate ARs as potential markers of BC behavior; moreover, the finding of a role of androgen blockade therapy in improving survival highlights the potential clinical application of this pathway, which deserves to be further explored.
- PublicationOpen AccessHistology of skeletal muscle reconstructed by means of the implantation of autologous adipose tissue: an experimental study(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Leiva Cepas, Fernando; Jimena, Ignacio; Ruz Caracuel, Ignacio; Luque, Evelio; Villalba, Rafael; Peña Amaro, JoseThe purpose of this study was to determine the histological characteristics of a skeletal muscle reconstructed by means of the implantation of autologous adipose tissue following an experimentally- induced volumetric muscle loss. A cylindrical piece in the belly of the rat anterior tibial muscle was removed. In the hole, inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue of the same rat was grafted. Animals were sacrificed 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60 days posttransplantation. Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and morphometric techniques were used. At all times analyzed, the regenerative muscle fibers formed from the edges of the muscle tissue showed histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical differences in comparison with the control group. These differences are related to delays in the maturation process and are related to problems in reinnervation and disorientation of muscle fibers. The stains for MyoD and desmin showed that some myoblasts and myotubes seem to derive from the transplanted adipose tissue. After 60 days, the transplant area was 20% occupied by fibrosis and by 80% skeletal muscle. However, the neo-muscle was chaotically organized showing muscle fiber disorientation and centronucleated fibers with irregular shape and size. Our results support the hypothesis that, at least from a morphological point of view, autologous adipose tissue transplantation favors reconstruction following a volumetric loss of skeletal muscle by combining the inherent regenerative response of the organ itself and the myogenic differentiation of the stem cells present in the adipose tissue. However, in our study, the formed neo- muscle exhibited histological differences in comparison with the normal skeletal muscle
- PublicationOpen AccessPTK7 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis, ALK and EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinomas(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Jiang, Wei; He, Jing; Lv, Bihong; Xi, Xiaoxiang; He, Guangming; He, JingkangNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Lung adenocarcinoma is the main tumor type of NSCLC. Recent advances in the molecular characterization and personalized therapies have improved NSCLC patient prognosis. Previous studies showed that protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) plays an important role in human cancers. However, the role of PTK7 has not been investigated. PTK7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 95 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Correlations of PTK7 expression levels with clinicopathological parameters, EGFR mutation and EML4-ALK fusion were examined. Positive PTK7 expression was detected in 47.4% of lung adeno- carcinoma. PTK7 expression was associated with gender (P=0.024), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), ALK mutation (P=0.050), and EGFR mutations (P=0.014). No significant association was found between PTK7 expression and age (P=0.831), differentiation (P=0.494), adenocarcinoma subtype (P=0.098) and Ki67 (P=0.473). Our data suggest that PTK7 plays an oncogenic role in lung adenocarcinoma and may be a molecular marker for lymph node metastasis.