Publication: Estudio de la capacidad adhesiva de brackets cerámicos utilizando diferentes protocolos de acondicionamiento del esmalte
Authors
Cendán Serrano, Lara
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Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
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Vicente Hernández, Ascensión ; Bravo González, Luis Alberto
Publisher
Universidad de Murcia
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Description
Abstract
Objetivo: Comparar la adhesión de brackets cerámicos Clarity(TM) Advance cementados con APC Flash Free (APC FF) y Transbond XT (TXT) utilizando diferentes protocolos de acondicionamiento del esmalte. Material y método: A 150 incisivos bovinos se les cementaron 150 brackets Clarity(TM) Advanced, se dividieron en 6 grupos (n: 25): 1) Transbond(TM) Plus Self Etching Primer (TSEP)/APC FF, 2) grabado/TSEP/APC FF, 3) pulido/TSEP/APC FF, 4) TSEP/TXT, 5) grabado/TSEP/TXT y 6) pulido/TSEP/TXT. La resistencia a la fuerza de cizalla se midió en una máquina universal de test. Tras el descementado a cada diente se le asignó una puntuación del Índice de Adhesivo Remanente (A.R.I.). Se realizaron observaciones mediante microscopio electrónico de barrido (MEB) del esmalte. Se determinó con microscopía confocal la penetrabilidad en el esmalte de TSEP y de los composites, se utilizaron 60 incisivos a los que se cementaron los brackets siguiendo el protocolo descrito anteriormente. En 5 dientes de cada grupo se tiñó TSEP con rodamina B y en los otros 5 el composite. La fuerza adhesiva se analizó con ANOVA de 1 factor y el test de la mínima diferencia significativa (p<0,05), el A.R.I. con la prueba Chi-cuadrado de Pearson (p<0,05) y los datos del microscopio confocal con el test de Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05) y el de Mann-Whitney (p<0,003). Resultados: La adhesión de Grabado/TSEP/TXT y Pulido/TSEP/TXT fue significativamente superior a la del resto, siendo la de Grabado/TSEP/TXT significativamente mayor que la de Pulido/TSEP/TXT (p<0,05). Con APC FF se observó una tendencia a un aumento del adhesivo remanente al grabar antes de aplicar TSEP y con TXT al pulir. El MEB mostró que el grabado producía la superficie de esmalte más porosa. Tanto para los brackets adheridos con APC FF como con TXT la penetración de TSEP fue similar y significativamente mayor tras el grabado (p=0,000). APC FF y TXT tuvieron una penetración similar y significativamente superior en los grupos grabados (p=0,000). Se observó que la mayor cantidad de "tags" distribuidos por toda la superficie se daba tras el grabado, siendo más evidente con TXT que con APC FF. Conclusión: Los brackets cerámicos Clarity(TM) Advance cementados con TXT y TSEP acondicionando el esmalte mediante grabado ácido, mostraron características adhesivas más favorables que la del resto de los grupos evaluados.
Objective: To compare the adhesion of Clarity(TM) Advance ceramic brackets cemented with APC Flash Free (APC FF) and Transbond XT (TXT) using different enamel conditioning protocols. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 bovine incisors were used to cement 150 Clarity(TM) Advanced brackets, which were divided into 6 groups (n=25): 1) Transbond(TM) Plus Self Etching Primer (TSEP)/APC FF, 2) etching/TSEP/APC FF, 3) polishing/TSEP/APC FF, 4) TSEP/TXT, 5) etching/TSEP/TXT, and 6) polishing/TSEP/TXT. Shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. After debonding, each tooth was assigned a Remnant Adhesive Index (ARI) score. Observations of the enamel were made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Penetrability of TSEP and the composites into the enamel was determined with confocal microscopy; 60 incisors were used, with brackets cemented following the previously described protocol. In 5 teeth from each group, TSEP was stained with rhodamine B, and in the other 5, the composite was stained. Adhesive strength was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (p<0.05), ARI with Pearson's Chi-square test (p<0.05), and confocal microscopy data with Kruskal-Wallis (p<0.05) and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.003). Results: The adhesion in the Etching/TSEP/TXT and Polishing/TSEP/TXT groups was significantly higher than in the others, with Etching/TSEP/TXT showing a significantly greater bond strength than Polishing/TSEP/TXT (p<0.05). Using APC FF, a trend toward increased residual adhesive was observed when etching was performed before applying TSEP, and with TXT, after polishing. SEM showed that etching produced the most porous enamel surface. For brackets bonded with both APC FF and TXT, TSEP penetration was similar and significantly greater after etching (p=0.000). Both APC FF and TXT showed similar and significantly higher penetration in the etched groups (p=0.000). It was observed that the highest number of "tags" distributed across the surface occurred after etching, more evident with TXT than with APC FF. Conclusion: Clarity(TM) Advance ceramic brackets cemented with TXT and conditioned with TSEP via acid etching demonstrated more favorable adhesive characteristics than the other evaluated groups.
Objective: To compare the adhesion of Clarity(TM) Advance ceramic brackets cemented with APC Flash Free (APC FF) and Transbond XT (TXT) using different enamel conditioning protocols. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 bovine incisors were used to cement 150 Clarity(TM) Advanced brackets, which were divided into 6 groups (n=25): 1) Transbond(TM) Plus Self Etching Primer (TSEP)/APC FF, 2) etching/TSEP/APC FF, 3) polishing/TSEP/APC FF, 4) TSEP/TXT, 5) etching/TSEP/TXT, and 6) polishing/TSEP/TXT. Shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. After debonding, each tooth was assigned a Remnant Adhesive Index (ARI) score. Observations of the enamel were made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Penetrability of TSEP and the composites into the enamel was determined with confocal microscopy; 60 incisors were used, with brackets cemented following the previously described protocol. In 5 teeth from each group, TSEP was stained with rhodamine B, and in the other 5, the composite was stained. Adhesive strength was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (p<0.05), ARI with Pearson's Chi-square test (p<0.05), and confocal microscopy data with Kruskal-Wallis (p<0.05) and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.003). Results: The adhesion in the Etching/TSEP/TXT and Polishing/TSEP/TXT groups was significantly higher than in the others, with Etching/TSEP/TXT showing a significantly greater bond strength than Polishing/TSEP/TXT (p<0.05). Using APC FF, a trend toward increased residual adhesive was observed when etching was performed before applying TSEP, and with TXT, after polishing. SEM showed that etching produced the most porous enamel surface. For brackets bonded with both APC FF and TXT, TSEP penetration was similar and significantly greater after etching (p=0.000). Both APC FF and TXT showed similar and significantly higher penetration in the etched groups (p=0.000). It was observed that the highest number of "tags" distributed across the surface occurred after etching, more evident with TXT than with APC FF. Conclusion: Clarity(TM) Advance ceramic brackets cemented with TXT and conditioned with TSEP via acid etching demonstrated more favorable adhesive characteristics than the other evaluated groups.
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