Browsing by Subject "Osteogenic differentiation"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Adipose stem cells and skeletal repair
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2013) Im, Gun-II
    . Although adipose tissue has been considered a useless tissue, recent investigations have shown that it provides an abundant source of adult stem cells. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) can undergo rapid osteogenenic differentiation, which represents a promising option for bone tissue engineering and treating large bone defects. While bone marrow-derived stem cells have been more extensively studied for bone tissue engineering, a limitation exists in the harvested amount of bone marrow. As adipose tissue can provide a much greater number of adult stem cells without causing morbidity, it offers a good option as a cell source for bone tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the definition of ASCs, the induction of osteogenic differentiation from ASCs, scaffolding materials for adipose bone tissue engineering, and in vivo models for future clinical applications.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Asiatic acid improves high-fat-diet-induced osteoporosis in mice via regulating SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling and inhibiting oxidative stress
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2022) Chen, Xiaosi; Han, Dengpeng; Liu, Tianfeng; Huang, Chengshuo; Hu, Zibing; Tan, Xiaoyan; Wu, Shaoke
    Asiatic acid can attenuate osteoporosis through suppressing adipogenic differentiation and osteoclastic differentiation. Oxidative stress enhances osteoclastic differentiation but represses osteogenic differentiation to promote osteoporosis. However, the role and mechanism of asiatic acid in osteoporosis have not been reported. Firstly, mice were fed with high-fatdiet (HFD) with or without asiatic acid for 16 weeks. Data from an automatic biochemical analyzer showed that HFD induced down-regulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and an increase of serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, asiatic acid administration attenuated the decrease of HDL and increase of serum TG, TC and LDL in osteoporotic mice. Secondly, HFD induced high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), low levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in osteoporotic mice. However, the levels of MDA, ROS, SOD and GSH-Px in osteoporotic mice were reversed by asiatic acid administration. (this section is unclear and requires revision) Asiatic acid administration reduced expression of c-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-1), enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) in HFD-induced osteoporotic mice. (this section is unclear and requires revision) Thirdly, asiatic acid promoted calcium deposition in bone marrow cells and osteogenic differentiation in osteoporotic mice, but decreased ALP in bone marrow cells. Lastly, asiatic acid enhanced SIRT1 and nuclear FOXO1 (Nu-FOXO1) expression, while it reduced Acetyl FOXO1 (AcFOXO1) in osteoporotic mice. In conclusion, asiatic acid might inhibit oxidative stress and promote osteogenic differentiation through activating SIRT1/FOXO1 to attenuate HFD-induced osteoporosis in mice.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Estrogen-mediated dental tissue regeneration
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Lu, Yadie; Jin, Lin; Lei, Gang; Fu, Yujin; Wang, Yanqiu; Yu, Jinhua
    As the key regulator of hard tissue metabolism in both men and women, estrogen regulates the processes necessary for cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation through estrogen receptor (ER). Estrogen deficiency usually causes systemic osteoporosis not only in long bones but also in jaw bones, and exogenous estrogen can enhance the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) represent a group of stem cells isolated from different parts of the tooth, including dental pulps, apical papillae and periodontal ligaments. A number of studies have proved that estrogen plays an important role in the proliferation, differentiation and tissue regeneration of human DMSCs. Thus, this review will focus on the effects of estrogen on proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of dental stem cells, discuss evidence from studies in rodents that estrogen plays an important role in dental morphogenesis as well as periodontal remodeling, and suggest directions for future studies in estrogen-related tooth regeneration.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Heraclenin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells by activating the RhoA/ROCK pathway
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2024) Yu, Zuguang; Yuan, Jun; Yu, Yuanyuan
    Background. Osteoporosis is a devastating skeletal disease, the pathogenesis of which is related to abnormal bone metabolism, featured by the imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Stem cell-based therapies have been demonstrated to improve osteoporosis treatment. Previously, the linear furanocoumarin heraclenin was reported to enhance osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), suggesting its potential for osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration. Our study was designed to confirm the promotive role of heraclenin on osteogenic differentiation of human bone MSCs (BMSCs) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods. Human BMSCs were treated for 24, 48, and 72h with heraclenin (5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μM), and cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. To further evaluate the cytotoxicity of heraclenin, cell suspension obtained from BMSCs treated with heraclenin (5, 10, and 20 μM) for 72h was subjected to a MUSE™ cell analyzer for cell viability and count assay. BMSCs were incubated in osteogenic induction medium for 7 days. Then, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of BMSCs were assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining. The expression of osteogenesis markers including ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), osterix (OSX), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) was detected via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. The effects of heraclenin on the RhoA/ROCK pathway were estimated through western blotting. Y27632, the ROCK inhibitor, was used to confirm the role of the RhoA/ROCK pathway in heraclenin-mediated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Results. Heraclenin (5-80 μM) was non-toxic on human BMSCs. Heraclenin treatment (5-20 μM) dosedependently enhanced ALP activity and calcium deposition. Furthermore, heraclenin promoted ALP, OCN, OSX, and RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression. Mechanically, heraclenin treatment increased RhoA and ROCK1 mRNA expression, stimulated the translocation of ROCK from the cytosolic to the membrane fraction, and elevated the protein levels of phosphorylated cofilin (p-cofilin) and active RhoA. Additionally, treatment with Y-27632 overturned the promotion of heraclenin on ALP activity, calcium deposition, the expression of osteogenesis markers, and the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Conclusion. Heraclenin facilitates the osteogenic differentiation of human BMSCs through the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Hyperin up-regulates miR-7031-5P to promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2023) Qian, Dongchen; Chen, Yueyue; Qiu, Xusheng; Zhu, Baohua; Zhang, Lin; Yan, Yifeng; Chen, Yixin
    Objective. To investigate the effects of Hyperin (Hyp) on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3E1 cells. Methods. Differentially expressed miRNA was screened by miRNA Microarray. miR-7031-5P overexpression and knockdown MC3T3-E1 cell models were constructed by transfecting miR-7031-5P mimics and inhibitor. Alizarin red staining (ARS) assay was used to observe the formation of mineralized nodules in MC3T3-E1 cells. ALP activity was detected by using ALP detection kit. Western blot assay was used to examine the changes in osteogenic differentiation-related proteins. The relationship between miR-7031-5P and Wnt7a was revealed by dual luciferase report experiments. Results. We found that miR-7031-5P was upregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells after Hyp treatment. The results indicated that compared with the untreated group, Hyp promoted the formation of mineralized nodules and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 cells via overexpressing miR-7031-5P. Besides, elevated miR-7031-5P increased OPN, COL1A1, and Runx2 mRNA expression. More importantly, Wnt7a was identified as the downstream target gene of miR-70315P promoting osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusions. Hyp up-regulated miR-7031-5P to promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting Wnt7a
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    MicroRNAs: a critical regulator under mechanical force
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Wei, Fulan; Yang, Shuangyan; Wang, Songlin
    Mechanical force is a kind of mechanical stimuli which actively participates in manipulating cellular activities in numerous types of cells. Progress in molecular and genetic research has uncovered various regulatory mechanisms underlying mechanical forceinduced changes in cellular activities, which include both transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-25 nucleotide (nt) non-coding RNAs which serve as posttranscriptional regulators of multiple physiological processes. To date, considerable research effort has focused on the expressions and functions of miRNAs in a wide range of biological and pathological processes, including but not limited to development, proliferation, metabolism and osteogenic differentiation. In this review, major emphasis is placed on the biogenesis, expressions and functions of miRNAs in a mechanical environment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Molecular mechanisms in dental follicle precursor cells during the osteogenic differentiation
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Morsczeck, Christian
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Tensile strain promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through upregulating lncRNA-MEG3
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2021) Zhu, Guozheng; Zeng, Canjun; Qian, Yuepeng; Yuan, Song; Ye, Zelin; Zhao, Shanwen; L, Runguang
    Background. With the aging of the population, osteoporosis is becoming more and more common. This progressive bone disease increases the risk of fractures and pain and causes serious harm to people's health and quality of life. Several studies, including our previous studies, confirmed that tensile strain can promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation in vitro. In this study, we further explored the mechanism by which tensile strain regulates BMSC differentiation. Methods. A device designed by our group was used to apply tensile strain to BMSCs to study the effects of tensile strain on their differentiation. LncRNA-MEG3 overexpression and silencing models of BMSCs were constructed by lentivirus transfection to study the involvement of lncRNA-MEG3. We assessed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and the expression of Runx2 mRNA and BMP2 mRNA, while adipogenic differentiation was evaluated by oil red staining and the expression of PPARγ mRNA and C/EBPα mRNA. Results. We demonstrated that proper tensile strain can promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs while inhibiting differentiation into adipocytes, and simultaneously promote the expression of lncRNAMEG3. The overexpression of lncRNA-MEG3 further promotes osteogenic differentiation of stressed BMSCs and inhibits expression of miR-140-5p; the knockdown of lncRNA-MEG3 induces the opposite effects. Conclusion. Appropriate mechanical stimulation can inhibit the expression of miR-140-5p by promoting lncRNA-MEG3 expression, thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Our results provide a theoretical basis for physical exercise to improve the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    The dexamethasone induced osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Morsczeck, Christian; Reichert, Torsten E.
    Mesenchymal stem cells are excellent for in vitro studies about biological processes during the differentiation of osteogenic progenitor cells into mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts. Human dental follicle cells (DFCs) are dental mesenchymal stem cells and they can be isolated from third molar teeth. Because DFCs are the genuine progenitor cells of periodontal tissue cells, they have been used for the evaluation of molecular mechanisms during the differentiation of undifferentiated stem cells into alveolar osteoblasts and cementoblasts. To reveal molecular mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation, initial studies investigated the proteome and the transcriptome of DFCs after the induction of the osteogenic differentiation with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. These studies showed for example that dexamethasone induces the transcription factor ZBTB16 (zinc finger and BTB domain containing protein 16) and that ZBTB16 is crucial for osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. This article is a survey of the molecular mechanisms in DFCs during osteogenic differentiation with dexamethasone.