Browsing by Subject "Human papillomavirus"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones vaginales y lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales en estudiantes universitarias de Medellín - Colombia
    (Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2018) Zapata Martínez, Juan Felipe; Pérez Muñoz, Anderson; Tirado Otálvaro, Andrés Felipe; González, Juan David; Velásquez Vergara, Sandra Milena
    RESUMEN: Objetivo: Explorar factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones vaginales y Lesiones Intraepiteliales Escamosas de Cuello Uterino (LEICU) en estudiantes universitarias de Medellín-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal con una muestra a conveniencia de 176 estudiantes del área de la salud. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante encuesta anónima que incluyó variables demográficas, clínicas, académicas y de hábitos sexuales. Se realizó toma de muestra por medio de citología cérvico uterina y Gram-Directo de flujo vaginal. Se exploró la asociación estadística de la presencia de IV o LEICU con variables de interés a través de la Odds Ratio (OR) y su intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC95%). Se asumió asociación estadística con p<0,05. Resultados: Se encontró ASCUS en el 9,1%; LEICU de bajo grado en el 4,5%, e infecciones vaginales en el 30.7% de las participantes, siendo la vaginosis bacteriana la infección más común. Además los antecedentes previos de VPH tienen asociación estadística con el ASCUS OR=36,69 IC 95% (3,56- 378,15) y con las vaginosis por Gardnerella OR=10,57 IC 95%(1,07-104,64), mientras que las infecciones urinarias tuvieron asociación estadística con la candidiasis OR=4,46 IC 95% (1,21-16,5). Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados pueden servir como información descriptiva acerca de la frecuencia de IV y LEICU en poblaciones universitarias para continuar o mejorar programas de promoción y prevención de la salud sexual y reproductiva, en poblaciones jóvenes.
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    Human papillomaviruses and DNA ploidy in anal condylomata acuminata
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2000) Rihet, S.; Bellaich, P.; Lorenzato, M.; Bouttens, D.; Bernard, P.; Birembaut, P.; Clavel, C.
    Previous studies have emphasized the usefulness of DNA ploidy measurement and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) detection as pronostic markers in low grade cervical lesions. We addressed the eventual relationship between HPV type, DNA profile, and p53 tumor suppressor protein expression in anal condylomata acuminata to eventually determine parameters which may be considered as predictive risk factors for the development of cancer. DNA ploidy was assessed by image cytometry after Feulgen staining of contiguous serial sections of 45 anal condylomata acuminata without atypia containing HPV detected by in situ hybridization and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). p53 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. DNA aneuploidy was found in 53.3% of these lesions, 48.9% containing non oncogenic HPV types 6 andtor 11 and 4.4% harbouring HPV types 11 and 18. The DNA diploid lesions were all associated with non oncogenic HPV types 6 andtor 11 and one case also contained HPV type 33. There was no significant correlation between the detection of DNA aneuploidy and the presence of immunodetected p53. DNA aneuploidy was not related to the presence of oncogenic HPV in anal condylomata acuminata. The DNA aneuploid profile frequently observed, especially in lesions associated with non oncogenic HPV types, is not yet well explained and cannot be considered as a prognostic factor. In contrast, a more intensive clinical follow-up should be proposed in patients with oncogenic HPV associated to DNA aneuploidy.
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    Multivariate discriminant analysis of normal, intraepithelial neoplasia and human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix samples
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1994) Artacho-Perula, E.; Roldan-Villalobos, R.; Salas-Molina, J.; Vaamonde-Lemos, R.
    The present investigation studies the role of multivariate statistical methods on quantitative histopathological features of cells in uterine cervix epithelium to discriminate between normal and abnormal uterine cervix samples. 143 histological specimens were included in the study involving normal cervix, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with and without CIN (condyloma-CIN and condyloma-NCIN groups, respectively). Deep, middle and superficial regions of the cervical squamous epithelium were morphometrically analyzed. Identification of normal cervix from pathological cases was highly achieved with a specificity of 100%. The application of discriminant statistical method within pathological specimens showed an acceptable percentage of cases correctly classified; thus, an efficiency of 83.0% and 74.6% was obtained in order to discriminate within CIN and condyloma-CIN grades respectively. These percentages increased when differentiation between each grade of CIN versus condyloma-CIN were considered, using only 1-3 morphometrical parameters. Our findings indicate that the combination of nuclear and cytoplasmic quantitative features, specially size parameters, permit a high correct percentage classification of cervix samples. The discrimination process was better when few diagnostic categories were included; however, 100% specificity for normal samples was always reached.
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    Prevalence of high risk HPV DNA in esophagus is high in Brazil but not related to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) da Costa, Allini Mafra; Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani, José Humberto; Aguiar Pastrez, Paula Roberta; Sammartino Mariano, Vânia; Scapulatempo Neto, Cristovam; Peixoto Guimarães, Denise; Giordina de Oliveira, Kelly Menezio; Zemi Neto, Said Abdala; Montosa Nunes, Emily; Ferreira, Silvaneide; Sichero, Laura; Villa, Luisa Lina; Syrjanen, Kari Juhani; Longatto Filho, Adhemar
    Background. The first publication that associated Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and esophageal cancer was published in 1982. However, data are still contradictory and require further investigation. The aim of this study was to identify high risk HPV DNA in esophageal tissue of patients with and without esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and correlate HPV presence with classical risk factors. Methods. Invited patients signed the informed consent form, and interviews were conducted in order to obtain information about sociodemographic and lifestyle behavior. During endoscopy, esophageal biopsies were collected from case and controls. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction genotyping was conducted on endoscopic biopsies to identify HPV types and HPV-16 was further evaluated by specific PCR real time. Results. Among 87 cases, 12 (13.8%) had tumors harboring high risk HPV DNA and among 87 controls, 12 (13.8%) had high risk HPV DNA (OR:1.025 [CI:0.405:2.592]). Variables regarding consumption of alcohol and use of tobacco continued to characterize risk factors even after adjustments by presence or absence of high risk HPV. Conclusion. HPV was demonstrated to be frequently and similarly associated to normal and malignant esophageal tissues, but not as an independent risk factor to esophageal cancer. Impact. To contribute to the Brazilian population data on this subject, which is still contradictory.
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    The relationship between esophageal cancer, chagasic megaesophagus and HPV: myths, tales or reality?
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Munari, Fernanda Franco; Cruvinel Carloni, Adriana; Sammartino Mariano, Vânia; Syrjanen, Kari; Reis, Rui Manuel; Longatto Filho, Adhemar
    A supposed role for persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) etiology has been suggested by a number of studies. Concomitantly, megaesophagus induced by the Trypanosoma cruzi cellcycle activity also shows a potential association with ESCC. This review discusses esophageal cancer and the potential association between chagasic megaesophagus and HPV as risk factors for ESCC development.
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    The roles and clinical significance of microRNAs in cervical cancer
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Wang, Fenfen; Li, Baohua; Xie, Xing
    Cervical carcinogenesis induced by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents a stepwise progression from precursors to invasive cervical cancer. Accumulated evidence has shown aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cervical cancer tissues and cells. Further studies reveal that miRNAs play key roles in the initiation and progression of cervical cancer, via specific signaling pathways, including E6-p53, E7-pRb, phosphoinositide3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt, Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hedgehog pathways. Some studies demonstrate that miRNAs might serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets, presenting a potential prospect in clinical practice. All results provide new insights into the function of miRNAs and the pathogenesis of cervical cancer induced by viral oncoproteins. New approaches for miRNA-based prevention and management for cervical cancer will be developed in the future.
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    Usefulness of HPV testing in the follow-up of untreated cervical low grade lesions
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2005) Clavel, C.; Bory, J.P.; Caudroy, S.; Lorenzato, M.; Durlach, A.; Graesslin, O.; Quereux, C.; Birembaut, P.
    The aim of the present work was to evaluate the usefulness of high-risk human papillomavirus (HRHPV) testing for the follow-up of women with untreated low grade cervical squamous cell lesions (LSIL). For that, 412 women with a cytological diagnosis of LSIL at entry were monitored by cytology, HR-HPV testing with the Hybrid Capture II assay (HC-II) and colposcopy. Our primary endpoint was clinical progression defined by the presence of a high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and CIN3) at the biopsy. At baseline, histological control revealed 10 CIN2 and 11 CIN3 only in the cohort of women HR-HPV+. In the follow-up, 4 CIN2 and 8 CIN3 were detected, always in the women initially HR-HPV+. Thus, the recurrence of a HR-HPV+ infection clearly selects a population at high-risk for CIN2-3. The semi-quantitative appreciation of the viral load with HC-II could not be used as a good prognostic factor for the follow-up of women with LSIL. HR-HPV testing reduces the number of cytology and colposcopy examinations in the follow-up of women aged >35 years when HPV testing is initially negative. Thus HR-HPV testing should be reserved for the follow-up of this population of women initially HR-HPV+ and proposed 6 to 12 months after the cytological diagnosis of LSIL.
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    Validación del instrumento: conocimientos, creencias y aceptación de la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) Martínez Figueroa, Gabriela Iveth; Nava Navarro, Vianet; Báez Hernández, Francisco Javier; Mayo Abarca, Jorge Alberto; Zenteno López, Miguel Ángel
    Introducción: El virus del papiloma humano es la primera causa de cáncer cervicouterino, contar con un instrumento que mida la aceptación de la vacuna del VPH, así como los factores que intervienen, es una necesidad para la prevención del VPH. El objetivo fue realizar la validación del instrumento conocimientos, creencias y aceptación de la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano.Materiales y Métodos: El proceso de validación se realizó a traves de un estudio descriptivo, transversal y de proceso de dos fases. La población fue de 393 madres de niñas de 9 a 11 años, pertenecientes al Estado de Puebla, con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, la muestra se consideró por razón de 10:1. Resultados: Se obtuvo un instrumento válido y confiable con un coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach de .70, un valor de p<.000 para la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett y la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer Olkin obtuvo un resultado de .82, en este sentido el análisis factorial dio como resultado un total de 40 ítems divididos en seis dimensiones. Discusión: El proceso metodológico permitió contar con un indicador empírico adaptado y valido al contexto mexicano, debido a que es el único dentro del contexto que mide los factores relacionados con la aceptación de la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano. Conclusión: Se concluye que tener un indicador empírico adaptado al idioma español, que mida la aceptación y los factores relacionados, es un aporte de gran importancia para la sociedad y un avance para la ciencia en enfermería.
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    Validez de Contenido: Cuestionario de Vulnerabilidad al Papillomavirus Humano
    (Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2014) Sepúlveda Carrillo, Gloria Judith; Meneses Báez, Alba Lúcia; Goldenberg, Paulete
    Antecedentes: Es necesario realizar diagnósticos sobre conocimientos, comportamientos y percepción del riesgo a la infección del virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH), como base para desarrollar intervenciones efectivas que reduzcan la vulnerabilidad al VPH entre adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Objetivo: Establecer indicadores de validez de contenido de un cuestionario que mide conocimientos y disposición para actuar preventivamente frente al VPH en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Metodología: El cuestionario fue evaluado por 16 expertos con el fin de determinar su estructura conceptual y el nivel de concordancia sobre la claridad y la redacción de los ítems. Este también se aplicó a 42 universitarios a quienes se les realizó entrevista cognitiva con el fin de ajustar léxico, instrucciones y forma de redacción de los ítems. Resultados: Se estimó el índice de concordancia entre expertos en cuanto a redacción y claridad de los ítems cuestionario (0.88) y para las cuatro dimensiones (0.81 – 0.96). La estructura conceptual del cuestionario se determinó mediante la aplicación de la metodología de concept mapping, para ello se realizó un Análisis de Escalamiento Multidimensional no métrico de ALSCAL (Alternating Least Squared Scaling) con una solución para dos dimensiones (Stress = 12%) y un análisis jerárquico de conglomerados utilizando el método de Ward; además se estimó el estadístico de bridging para cada ítem con respecto al conglomerado. Estos datos sugieren que el cuestionario mide cuatro dimensiones: perfil sociodemográfico, comportamiento sexual, conocimiento de transmisión y conocimiento de prevención. Conclusiones: El cuestionario presenta indicadores adecuados de validez de contenido para medir conocimientos y prácticas preventivas asociadas al (VPH) desde la perspectiva de la vulnerabilidad en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes.