Histology and histopathology Vol.35,nº10 (2020)
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- PublicationOpen AccessA potential ex vivo infection model of human induced pluripotent stem cell-3D organoids beyond coronavirus disease 2019(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Zhou, Hang; Liu, Li-Ping; Fang, Mei; Li, Yu-Mei; Zheng, Yun-WenThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began in the city of Wuhan, whereupon it rapidly spread throughout China and subsequently across the world. Rapid transmission of COVID-19 has caused wide-spread panic. Many established medications have been used to treat the disease symptoms; however, no specific drugs or vaccines have been developed. Organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may serve as suitable infection models for ex vivo mimicking of the viral life cycle and drug screening. Human iPSC-3D organoids, self-organised tissues with multiple cell environments, have a similar structure and function as real human organs; hence, these organoids allow greater viral infection efficiency, mimic the natural host-virus interactions, and are suitable for long-term experimentation. Here, we suggest the use of a functional human iPSC-organoid that could act as a reliable and feasible ex vivo infection model for investigation of the virus. This approach will provide much needed insight into the underlying molecular dynamics of COVID-19 for the development of novel treatment and prevention strategies
- PublicationOpen AccessIntussusceptive angiogenesis and its counterpart intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Díaz Flores, L.; Gutiérrez, R.; Gayoso, S.; García, M.P.; González-Gómez, M.; Díaz-Flores Jr, L.; Sánchez, R.; Carrasco, J.L.; Madrid Cuevas, Juan FranciscoIntussusceptive angiogenesis (IA) is currently considered an important alternative and complementary form of sprouting angiogenesis (SA). Conversely, intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis (IL) is in an initial phase of study. We compare their morphofunctional characteristics, since many can be shared by both processes. To that end, the following aspects are considered: A) The concept of IA and IL as the mechanism by which blood and lymphatic vessels split, expand and remodel through transluminal pillar formations (hallmarks of intussusception). B) Terminology and historical background, with particular reference to the group of Burri, including Djonov and Patan, who initiated and developed the vessel intussusceptive concept in blood vessels. C) Incidence in normal (e.g. in the sinuses of developing lymph nodes) and pathologic conditions, above all in vessel diseases, such as dilated veins in hemorrhoidal disease, intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), sinusoidal hemangioma, lobular capillary hemangioma, lymphangiomas/lymphatic malformations and vascular transformation of lymph nodes. D) Differences and complementarity between vessel sprouting and intussusception. E) Characteristics of the cover (endothelial cells) and core (connective tissue components) of pillars and requirements for pillar identification. F) Structures involved in pillar formation, including endothelial contacts of opposite vessel walls, interendothelial bridges, merged adjacent capillaries, vessel loops and spilt pillars. G) Structures resulting from pillars with intussusceptive microvascular growth, arborization, remodeling and segmentation (compartmentalization). H) Influence of intussusception in the morphogenesis of vessel tumors/ pseudotumors; and I) Hemodynamic and molecular control of vessel intussusception, including VEGF, PDGF BB, Hypoxia, Notch, Endoglobin and Nitric oxide.
- PublicationOpen AccessCORRIGENDUM TO: "Preterm birth and/or low birth weight are associated with periodontal disease and the increased placental immunohistochemical expression of inflammatory markers" Histol Histopathol. 2016 Nov;31(2):231-237. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-671](Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Pozo, Elena; Mesa, Francisco; Ikram, Mohamed H.; Puertas, Alberto; Torrecillas-Martínez, Laura; Ortega-Olle, Inmaculada; Magán-Fernández, Antonio; Rodríguez-Martínez, María Dolores; Miguel, Padial-Molina; Sánchez-Fernández, Elena; Galindo-Moreno, Pablo
- PublicationOpen AccessNuclei detection in hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic liver nodules in histopathology images using bootstrap regression(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Kalinathan, Lekshmi; Kathavarayan, Ruba Soundar; Kanmani, Madheswari; Dinakaran, NagendramHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver representing the fifth most common malignancy worldwide. This tumor is more common in men than women, with a ratio of 2.7:1. Unlike HCC, Dysplasia is the precancerous nature of liver nodules and is characterized by cellular and nuclear enlargement, nuclear pleomorphism, and multinucleation. Area based Adaptive Expectation Maximization (EM) uses texture, layout, and context features of cells, and grows clusters to obtain texton maps of nucleus. A discriminative model of nucleus and cytoplastic changes of tumor is built by incorporating texture, layout, and context information efficiently. A bootsrap regression model of nuclei and cytoplastic changes are built by incorporating the aforementioned features efficiently. Mean squared error, Peak Signal to Noise ratio and Dice similarity values are used to evaluate the method's classification performance. The proposed method provides high classification and segmentation accuracy of nucleus and extra nuclear content in HCC and dysplasia, which are exceedingly textured in histopathology images, when compared to Adaptive K means, EM method and the state-of-the-art method, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). As texton detection reduces the cluttered background of nuclei, the proposed method would be a convenient mechanism for the classification of nuclei and non- nuclear features. In conclusion, this system can detect more eligible cells of precancerous nature as well as malignant cells even in a cluttered background of nuclei
- PublicationOpen AccessFerroptosis-relevant mechanisms and biomarkers for therapeutic interventions in traumatic brain injury(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Rui, Tongyu; Li, Qianqian; Song, Shunchen; Gao, Yaxuan; Luo, ChengliangTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most significant health care problems worldwide, causing disability and death especially among young individuals. Although a large range of agents and therapies have been proved beneficial to lesions post- TBI to some extent, effective treatments have not been translated to the clinic. As a newly discovered form of iron-dependent regulated cell death, ferroptosis has been implicated in TBI. In this review, we update the current state of knowledge related to second injuries post-TBI, including ferroptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and so on, which often lead to chronic symptoms and long-term disability. This review systematically summarizes the latest progress in the pathophysiological mechanisms of TBI, with a focus on providing references for proposing new multi- molecular targets for comprehensive therapeutic strategies based on ferroptosis-relevant mechanisms. In addition, biomarkers are essential diagnostic and prognostic tools in TBI. Several biomarkers associated with the outcome of TBI have been listed in this article, such as Pde10a, MDA, UCH-L1, S100A9, S100B, ALDOC, ACSL4, MBP and F2-Isoprostane. Therefore, the understating of ferroptosis-relevant mechanisms and biomarkers may contribute to development of promising therapies for TBI clinical trials.
- PublicationOpen AccessUpregulation of miRNA-1228-3p alleviates TGF-β-induced fibrosis in renal tubular epithelial cells(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Shen, Huajuan; He, Qiang; Dong, Yongze; Shao, Lina; Liu, Yueming; Gong, JianguangBackground. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health issue, which can lead to renal fibrosis regardless of the initial injury. It has been previously reported that miRNA-1228-3p was correlate with the progression of kidney fibrosis. However, the mechanism by which miRNA-1228-3p regulates renal fibrosis remains unclear. Methods. Renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were treated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) in an in vitro model of renal fibrosis. Gene and protein expressions in HK-2 cells were measured by Western-blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. The relation between miRNA-1228-3p and its target gene was investigated by dual luciferase report analysis. Results. Upregulation of miRNA-1228-3p significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced fibrosis of HK-2 cells in vitro by targeting GDF11. In addition, miRNA-1228-3p exhibited anti-fibrosis effect through inhibition of the smad2/smad4 signaling pathway. Conclusion. Upregulation of miRNA-1228-3p markedly inhibited the progression of renal fibrosis in vitro, indicating that miRNA-1228-3p may serve as a potential novel target for the treatment of renal fibrosis