Publication: Comparison of chromaffin cells from several animal sources for their use as an in vitro model to study the mechanism of organophosphorous toxicity
Authors
Romero, D. ; Quesada, E. ; Sogorb, M. A. ; Vilanova, E. ; Carrera, V. ; García Fernández, Antonio Juan
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Publisher
Elsevier
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DOI
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.04.004
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
© 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Toxicology Letters. To access the final edited and published work see http://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.04.004
Abstract
It had been observed that the chromaffin cells of bovine adrenal medulla contain high levels of neuropathy target esterase (NTE),
the esterase whose inhibition and aging is associated with induction of the organophosphorous induced delayed neuropathy. In this
study, total esterase and NTE activities, and their inhibition kinetics by OPs are characterized in adrenal medulla of several species
in order to find the best source for chromaffin cells. Total esterase activity in membrane fraction of bovine, equine, porcine, ovine
and caprine were 6100±840, 4200±270, 5000±120, 28800±3000, and 10800±2400 mU/g tissue, respectively (mean±S.D.,
n = 3–4). NTE represented around 70%, 24%, 58%, 10% and 24% of the total esterases in the same tissues, respectively. It was
deduced that NTE represents between 69% and 89% of the “B-activity” (activity resistant to 40 M paraoxon) in the membrane
fraction of all species. The mipafox I50 calculated for 30-min inhibition of NTE at 37 ◦C ranged between 7.4 and 12 M. These
values are in the range of that for brain NTE in hen (the usual model for testing OP delayed neurotoxicity). Considering that bovine
adrenal medulla contains high NTE activity, that it represents a high proportion of total activity, it is easier to dissect than adrenal
medulla from equine, caprine or ovine, and is more readily available than species cited previously, and that its inhibitory properties
are similar to the classical hen brain model, it is deduced that bovine adrenal medulla is the most appropriate source of chromaffin
cells to study OP toxicity, with porcine as the second alternative. The kinetic properties of chromaffin cell cultures from bovine
and porcine were in accordance with their properties in homogenate and subcellular fractions, and they displayed an appropriate
stability and viability of the primary culture to be used in in vitro toxicological studies for both mechanistic and testing purposes.
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Citation
Toxicology Letters, Vol. 165, N. 3, 2006, 221–229
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