Browsing by Subject "Caprine"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Comparison of chromaffin cells from several animal sources for their use as an in vitro model to study the mechanism of organophosphorous toxicity
    (Elsevier, 2006-04-28) Romero, D.; Quesada, E.; Sogorb, M. A.; Vilanova, E.; Carrera, V.; García Fernández, Antonio Juan; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    It had been observed that the chromaffin cells of bovine adrenal medulla contain high levels of neuropathy target esterase (NTE), the esterase whose inhibition and aging is associated with induction of the organophosphorous induced delayed neuropathy. In this study, total esterase and NTE activities, and their inhibition kinetics by OPs are characterized in adrenal medulla of several species in order to find the best source for chromaffin cells. Total esterase activity in membrane fraction of bovine, equine, porcine, ovine and caprine were 6100±840, 4200±270, 5000±120, 28800±3000, and 10800±2400 mU/g tissue, respectively (mean±S.D., n = 3–4). NTE represented around 70%, 24%, 58%, 10% and 24% of the total esterases in the same tissues, respectively. It was deduced that NTE represents between 69% and 89% of the “B-activity” (activity resistant to 40 M paraoxon) in the membrane fraction of all species. The mipafox I50 calculated for 30-min inhibition of NTE at 37 ◦C ranged between 7.4 and 12 M. These values are in the range of that for brain NTE in hen (the usual model for testing OP delayed neurotoxicity). Considering that bovine adrenal medulla contains high NTE activity, that it represents a high proportion of total activity, it is easier to dissect than adrenal medulla from equine, caprine or ovine, and is more readily available than species cited previously, and that its inhibitory properties are similar to the classical hen brain model, it is deduced that bovine adrenal medulla is the most appropriate source of chromaffin cells to study OP toxicity, with porcine as the second alternative. The kinetic properties of chromaffin cell cultures from bovine and porcine were in accordance with their properties in homogenate and subcellular fractions, and they displayed an appropriate stability and viability of the primary culture to be used in in vitro toxicological studies for both mechanistic and testing purposes.
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    SEM and TEM study of caprine superficial lymph nodes
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Faroon, O. M.; Henry, R. W.; Al-Bagdadi, F.K.
    The splenic capsule was characteristic, having dense connective tissue. Smooth muscle cells and unmyelinated nerve fibers were observed. Smooth muscle cells were found to be independent of blood vessels in both the capsule and trabeculae. Littoral cells separated the capsule from the subcapsular sinus. Highly branched reticular cells were associated with the sinuses. The cellular components (large and small lymphocytes, plasma and mast cells, and macrophages) of the cortex and medulla were observed and described. No Golgi apparatus was observed in small lymphocytes and two surface types (rough and smooth) were observed on lymphocytes. Russell bodies were not observed in plasma cells. The paracortical postcapillary venule had cuboidal endothelium with microvilli. Two shapes of lymphocytes were seen associated with the endothelium of postcapillary venules.
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    Testicular ultrasound patterns, sperm quality, seminal microbiota, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus and Coxiella burnetii infection in bucks
    (Elsevier, 2026-04-25) Bailón-Larrañaga, N.; Gomis, J.; Contreras de Vera, Antonio; Toledo-Perona, R.; Toquet, M.; Reyes, L.E.; Quereda, J.J.; Gonzalez-Torres, P.; Gñpmez-Marín, A.; Sanidad Animal
    This study assesses the frequency and severity of ultrasound-detected testicular alterations across age groups (young and adult) in 219 bucks. Sperm quality and testicular echotexture were evaluated, and their associations with reproductive pathogens (Coxiella (C.) burnetii, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), Chlamydia (C.) abortus and Mycoplasma (M.) agalactiae) were analyzed. Additionally, qPCR was also performed on ejaculates from seropositive bucks. Seminal microbiota was characterized in three groups: 1 (seronegative without lithiasis), 2 (seropositive with lithiasis), and 3 (qPCR-CAEV-positive). A 68.5% of bucks showed testicular microlithiasis (50.2% bilateral and 18.2% unilateral). Moreover, frequency of bilateral lesions differed according to age, being higher in adults, who also showed larger microlithiasis area (P < 0.05). Age was negatively correlated with sperm concentration (P < 0.05). Seropositivity was 35.8% for C. burnetii and 58.8% for CAEV. Adults showed higher CAEV seropositivity (P < 0.001), and 4.2% of ejaculates tested qPCR positive for this pathogen. Bacterial richness was greater (P < 0.001) in group 2 than in group 1. Firmicutes dominated groups 1 and 2, whereas Fusobacteriota prevailed in group 3. The most frequent genus in all three experimental groups was Oceanivirga, with higher abundance in group 1 than in group 2 (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that ejaculate microbiota may be influenced by ultrasound abnormalities and exposure to CAEV and C. burnetii, supporting the use of testicular ultrasound to detect bucks prone to reproductive problems and associated health risks, while also highlighting the need to include males in CAE and Q fever control programs.