Publication: Validation of multi-residue method for quantification of antibiotics and nsaids in avian scavengers by using small amounts of plasma in HPLC-MS-TOF.
Authors
Blanco, Guillermo ; García Fernández, Antonio Juan ; Gómez Ramírez, Pilar
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Publisher
MDPI
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114058
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
© 2020 Authors.
This document is the published version of a published work that appeared in final form in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
. To access the final edited and published work see: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114058
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are still considered emerging pollutants a ecting both aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems. Scavenging bird species may be exposed to veterinary drugs when they feed
on livestock carcasses provided at supplementary feeding stations, as these are often stocked with
ailing and/or recently medicated animals. Because those animals may be a source of several di erent
pharmaceutical compounds, analytical methods to evaluate residue levels and exposure potential
should enable detection and quantification of asmanydi erent compounds as possible, preferably from
small sample volumes. Four di erent extraction methods were tested to conduct HPLC-MS-TOF
analysis of some of the most common veterinary drugs used in livestock in Spain. The method
deemed most viable was a simple extraction, using methanol and 100 L of plasma, that allowed
quantification of seven antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, nalidixic
acid, trimethoprim, sulfadiazine) and five nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (meloxicam,
flunixin, carprofen, tolfenamic acid, phenylbutazone). The method was then applied to analysis of 29
Eurasian gri on vulture (Gyps fulvus) nestling samples, wherein enrofloxacin and tolfenamic acid
were most commonly detected (69% and 20%, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study
including NSAIDs in the exposure assessment of di erent classes of veterinary pharmaceuticals in
live avian scavengers.
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Citation
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(11), 405
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