Histology and histopathology Vol.24, nº8 (2009)
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- PublicationOpen AccessVaspin and amylin are expressed in human and rat placenta and regulated by nutritional status(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Caminos, Jorge E.; Bravo, Susana B.; Garcés, Maria F.; González, C. Ruth; Cepeda, Libia A.; González, Adriana C.; Nogueiras, Rubén; Gallego, R.; Garcia-Caballero, Tomas; Cordido, Fernando; López, Miguel; Diéguez, C.Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) and vaspin (visceral adipose tissue specific serpin) are gut and adipocyte hormones involved in the regulation of body weight homeostasis. The aim of this study was to examine whether amylin and vaspin are expressed in human and rat placenta, as well as their regulation by nutritional status. Our results demonstrate that amylin and vaspin are localized in both human and rat placenta. In the rat term placenta vaspin was demonstrated in the trophoblast of the fetal villi, the labyrinth. Vaspin immunostaining in human placenta was localized in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast in the first trimester placentas while in the third trimester vaspin was localized in the syncytiotrophoblast. Regarding amylin, rat placenta of 16 days of gestational age showed an intense immunostaining, mainly localized in the labyrinth. On the other hand, in the human third trimester placenta amylin immunoreactivity was intense in the syncytiotrophoblast of the chorionic villi and in decidual cells. Furthermore, placental amylin and vaspin showed an opposite pattern of expression during pregnancy, with vaspin showing the highest expression level at the end and amylin at the beginning of pregnancy. Finally, food restriction also has contrary effects on their expression, increasing vaspin but decreasing amylin placental mRNA and protein levels. Taken together, our results demonstrate that vaspin and amylin are modulated by energy status in the placenta, which suggests that these proteins may be involved in the regulation of placental metabolic functions.
- PublicationOpen AccessIn situ detection of APRIL-rich niches for plasma-cell survival and their contribution to B-cell lymphoma development(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Burjanadze, M.; Matthes, T.A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) is one of the most recently cloned members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. Early experiments implicated a pathophysiological role for APRIL in the promotion of solid tumors. Later, identification of APRIL receptors on B lymphocytes indicated a physiological role for APRIL in humoral responses. We have been able to generate antibodies that detect APRIL protein in human tissues. The study of in situ APRIL expression showed that APRIL mainly regulates late stages of B-cell humoral responses. It also provided evidence that APRIL may modulate tumor development in patients, but only for specific B-cell malignancies. Here, we will review to what extent fine characterization of in situ expression adds valuable information on APRIL (patho) physiological functions.
- PublicationOpen AccessTumor cell expression of podoplanin correlates with nodal metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Chuang, Wen-Yu; Yeh, Chi-Ju; Wu, Yi-Chin; Chao, Yin-Kai; Liu, Yun-Hen; Tseng, Chen-Kan; Chang, Hsien-Kun; Liu, Hui-Ping; Hsueh, ChuenPodoplanin is a mucin-like glycoprotein expressed in the lymphatic endothelium. It has been suggested to play a role in lymphangiogenesis, since podoplanin deficient mice were found to have dilated malfunctioning lymphatic vessels and lymphedema. High podoplanin expression in tumor cells was found to correlate with lymph node metastasis and poor clinical outcome in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the prognostic significance of podoplanin expression in esophageal SCC remains unexplored. Herein, we studied podoplanin expression in 59 patients who underwent surgical resection of esophageal SCC, with 43 of them preceded by preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We found that high podoplanin expression strongly correlated with clinical nodal metastasis (cN1; p=0.0063), which was associated with short survival (p=0.012). However, there was no direct association between high podoplanin expression and short survival. We also found that lymphatic vessel invasion in the resected esophagus was strongly associated with pathological nodal metastasis (pN1; p=0.00092). Our results suggest that podoplanin could also play a role in tumor aggressiveness in esophageal SCC, as well as in oral SCC.
- PublicationOpen AccessBreast carcinoma vascularity, A comparison of manual microvessel count and Chalkley count(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Dhakal, Hari Prasad; Bassarova, A.V.; Naume, Bjørn; Synnestvedt, Marit; Borgen, Elin; Kaaresen, Rolf; Schlichting, Ellen; Wiedswang, Gro; Giercksky, Karl- Erik; Nesland, Jahn M.. Manual counting of microvessels as intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) and Chalkley counting have been used in several studies to assess the prognostic impact of vascularity in invasive breast carcinomas. In our present study, the aim was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenesis in invasive breast carcinoma assessed by MVD and Chalkley techniques in the same series of patients. A total of 498 breast carcinoma patients with median follow up time 85 months were evaluated. The tumour vascularity was quantified by both manual microvessel count (MVD) and Chalkley count in CD34 stained breast carcinoma slides by a single investigator blinded to clinical information. Other relevant clinicopathological parameters were noted, including breast cancer related death and both loco-regional and systemic relapse. The patients were stratified by converting MVD and Chalkley counts to categorical variables to assess prognostic impact, and results were compared. High vascular grades using MVD count did not demonstrate any prognostic significance for breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) or distant disease free survival (DDFS) either in whole patient group (BCSS, p=0.517, DDFS, p=0.301) or in non-treated node negative patients (p>0.05). Chalkley count showed prognostic significance for both DDFS and BCSS in whole patient group (p<0.001) and also in untreated node negative patient group (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, Chalkley count, but not MVD, retained the prognostic value for BCSS (p=0.007) and DDFS (p=0.014). The Chalkley count for assessing angiogenesis in invasive breast carcinomas demonstrated prognostic value. The Chalkley method appears to be the better method in estimating the prognostic impact of vascularity in invasive breast carcinomas.
- PublicationOpen AccessExpression of hexokinases and glucose transporters in treated and untreated oesophageal adenocarcinoma(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Fonteyne, Philippe; Casneu, Veerle; Pauwels, Patrick; Van Damme, Nancy; Peeters, Marc; Dierckx, Rudi; Van de Wiele, ChristopheThe aim of this study was to assess the expression pattern of the high glucose affinity glucose transporters GLUT 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9 and of hexokinases I, II and III in newly diagnosed oesophageal adenocarcinoma by means of immunohistochemistry. Twenty patients eligible to undergo primary surgery and 18 patients with incomplete pathological response following induction radio chemotherapy, all suffering from oesophageal adenocarcinoma, were included in the study. The intensity and amount of positive tumour cells in the immuno-reaction (histology score (Hscore)) for GLUT 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 as well as for hexokinase I, II and III were assessed independently by two experienced observers, blinded to the clinical results. In patients that underwent primary surgery, Hscores of GLUT8 (µ 6.7; sd3.3) and GLUT1 (µ 5.5; sd: 5.3) were significantly higher than Hscores of GLUT9 (µ 2.2; sd 1.5) and GLUT3 (µ 3.2, sd: 2.5). Hscores of hexokinase I (µ : 8.3; sd: 4.3), II (µ 5.5, sd: 4.0) and III (Ì 1.5, sd: 0.7) were all significantly different from each other (p<0.04). In patients that underwent radiochemotherapy prior to surgical tumour resection, µ Hscores were 6.9 (sd: 4.4) for GLUT1, 6.8 (sd: 5.3) for GLUT3, 5.9 (sd: 4.2) for GLUT8, 3.4 for GLUT9 (sd: 2.7) and 2.3 (sd: 3.6) for GLUT 4. Hscores of GLUT1 and GLUT3 were significantly higher than Hscores of GLUT4. Finally, Hscores of patients with radiochemotherapy for GLUT3, hexokinase II and III were significantly higher when compared to patients that underwent primary surgery.
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