Browsing by Subject "Androgen receptor"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Comparison of the clinicopathological features of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms between males and females: gender does matter.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Zou, Yi; Huang, Yan; Hong, Bo; Xiang, Xueping; Zhou, Bin; Wei, Shumei
    Background. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPN) of the pancreas are a rare and low- grade malignant entity with a female predominance. However, it also occurs in males, but the rarity and lack of concern makes its clinicopathological features unclarified. Methods. The morphological, immunohisto- chemical, prognostic features and CTNNB1 exon 3 mutation status of SPN were compared semi-quantitively between 9 male and 21 female patients. Results. SPN in males grew in a distinctive solid pattern, with abundant fibrotic stroma and clear cells. Collagen tended to be the main component of tumor stroma in males, while hyaluronan composed a considerable proportion in females. A much stronger expression of androgen receptor (AR) was found in males, and CD56 and/or synaptophysin (Syn) was expressed frequently in both genders. All patients survived. One male patient had post-operational liver nodules and accepted interventional therapy without biopsy. Mutations of CTNNB1 exon 3 were observed in all cases, distributed at codon 32, 33 and 37 in both genders, as well as 34, 41 and 62 in females. Conclusion. SPN in males presented with significantly different morphological features from that in females, which might be helpful in differential diagnosis, especially when with extensive positivity for CD56 and/or Syn. The stronger expression of AR in males might be a clue to explore the underlying mechanism of the gender difference.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Pathological factors evaluating prostate cancer
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2007) Yu, Y.P.; Luo, J.H.
    Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies for men world wide. However, only a small fraction of prostate cancer cases are metastasizing and life-threatening. Even though the detection rate of prostate cancer has been steadily increased in the last two decades due to implementation of PSA screening, it is still not clear what factors govern its clinical outcomes. In this review, we will discuss several recent pathological advances that might contribute to the progression of prostate cancer. In addition, this review will cover a brief overview on conventional morphological evaluation of prostate cancer differentiation
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Role of androgen receptor expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Sanguedolce, Francesca; Cormio, Luigi; Carrieri, Giuseppe; Calò, Beppe; Russo, Davide; Menin, Andrea; Pastore, Antonio Luigi; Greco, Francesco; Bozzini, Giorgio; Galfano, Antonio; Pini, Giovannalberto; Porreca, Angelo; Mugavero, Filippo; Falsaperla, Mario; Ceruti, Carlo; Cindolo, Luca; Antonelli, Alessandro; Minervini, Andrea
    In order to evaluate the potential prognostic/predictive role of androgen receptor (AR) expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and whether it may represent a therapeutic target, we conducted a systematic search of the literature using ‘androgen receptor or AR’, ‘testosterone’, ‘bladder cancer’ and ‘non-muscle invasive bladder cancer or NMIBC’ as keywords. Eleven studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. No significant association was found between AR status and patients’ gender (p=0.232), tumor size (p=0.975), tumor stage (p=0.237), tumor grade (p=0.444), tumor multicentricity (p=0.397), concomitant CIS (p=0.316) and progression of disease (p=0.397). On the other hand, relative lack of AR expression was significantly correlated to recurrent disease (p=0.001). Evidence for a direct correlation between AR expression and recurrence-free survival of patients with NMIBC indicate ARs as potential markers of BC behavior; moreover, the finding of a role of androgen blockade therapy in improving survival highlights the potential clinical application of this pathway, which deserves to be further explored.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: Molecular basis and clinical implications
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Wang, Lisha; Davidson, Darrell D.; Montironi, Rodolfo; Lopez-Beltran, Antonio; Zhang, Shaobo; Williamson, Sean R.; MacLennan, Gregory T.; Wang, Chaofu; Wang, Mingsheng; Emerson, Robert E.; Du, Xiang; Cheng, Liang
    Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (PSCC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Most patients present with advanced disease, including metastases to bone, viscera, and the central nervous system. Histologically, PSCC is indistinguishable from its pulmonary counterpart. Although PSCC may occur in pure form, as in small cell lung carcinoma, it also occurs in conjunction with conventional glandular prostate carcinoma, and may evolve from conventional adenocarcinoma during the course of hormonal therapy. Immunohistochemical staining is extremely helpful in establishing the diagnosis, a prerequisite, as in small cell lung cancer, for optimal therapeutic strategy. Currently, combinations of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy represent the main treatment options. Improvement in survival may depend upon the identification of new molecular markers to facilitate earlier diagnosis and the development of novel targeted therapies. This review will discuss general aspects of PSCC, focusing on ways in which our understanding of PSCC has been advanced by studies of the histopathologic, immunohistochemical and molecular alterations in this disease.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    SMARCC1 expression is upregulated in prostate cancer and positively correlated with tumour recurrence and dedifferentiation
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2008) Heebøll, S.; Borre, M.; Ottosen, P.D.; Andersen, C.L.; Mansilla, F.; Dyrskjøt, L.; Orntoft, T.F.; Tørring, N.
    Background. The identification of new prognostic markers in prostate cancer (PC) is essential to improve patient treatment and management. Data suggest that SMARCC1 protein, a part of the intranuclear SWI/SNF complex which enhances the transactivation of the androgen receptor, is upregulated in PC and therefore a possible candidate marker for PC progression. Materials. Expression of SMARCC1 immunostaining was analysed on a tissue microarray containing specimens from 327 patients with prostate cancer and clinical follow-up information. Furthermore, 30 specimens from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia were included as controls as well as 30 specimens of benign prostate tissue from PC patients. Also, 18 specimens from lymph node metastases were analysed. Results. All benign specimens showed no or minimal staining for SMARCC1. In contrast, 20% of the specimens from patients with non-metastatic and nonrecurrent disease showed moderate to marked staining. In 31% of the patients with recurrent disease and in 31% of the patients with metastatic disease we found moderate to strong SMARCC1 immunostaining. In total, 23% of lymph node metastases expressed SMARCC1. SMARCC1 expression was also positively correlated to Gleason score (p<0.05), clinical T stage (p<0.01) and time to recurrence (p<0.001). In a logistic regression analysis, patients with a marked SMARCC1 immunostaining had a significantly elevated odds ratio (OR) of 16 for recurrent cancer and an OR of 4.5 for metastatic disease. Conclusions. Our present results demonstrate an increased expression of SMARCC1 protein in prostate cancer and reveal a positive correlation with tumour dedifferentiation, progression, metastasis and time to recurrence.