Publication: Decreased long-term severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2–specific humoral immunity in liver transplantation recipients 12 months
after coronavirus disease 2019
Authors
Caballero-Marcos, Aránzazu ; Citores, María Jesús ; Alonso-Fernández, Roberto ; Rodriguez-Perálvarez, Manuel ; Valerio, Maricela ; Graus Morales, Javier ; Cuervas-Mons, Valentín ; Cachero, Alba ; Loinaz-Segurola, Carmelo ; Iñarrairaegui, Mercedes ; Castells, Lluís ; Pascual, Sonia ; Vinaixa-Aunés, Carmen ; González-Grande, Rocío ; Otero, Alejandra ; Tomé, Santiago ; Tejedor-Tejada, Javier ; Fernández-Yunquera, Ainhoa ; González-Diéguez, Luisa ; Nogueras-López, Flor ; Blanco-Fernández, Gerardo ; Díaz-Fontenla, Fernando ; Bustamante, Francisco Javier ; Romero-Cristóbal, Mario ; Martin-Mateos, Rosa ; Arias-Millas, Ana ; Calatayud, Laura ; Marcacuzco-Quinto, Alberto A. ; Fernández-Alonso, Victor ; Gómez-Gavara, Concepción ; Muñoz, Patricia ; Bañares, Rafael ; Pons Miñano, José Antonio ; Salcedo, Magdalena
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Publisher
Wiley
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.26389
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
© 2021 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease. This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Liver Transplantation. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.26389
Abstract
Long-term humoral immunity and its protective role in liver transplantation (LT) patients have not been elucidated. We performed a prospective multicenter study to assess the persistence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in LT recipients 12 months after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 65 LT recipients were matched with 65 nontransplanted patients by a propensity score including variables with recognized impact on COVID-19. LT recipients showed a lower prevalence of anti-nucleocapsid (27.7% versus 49.2%; P = 0.02) and anti-spike IgG antibodies (88.2% versus 100.0%; P = 0.02) at 12 months. Lower index values of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies were also observed in transplantation patients 1 year after COVID-19(median, 0.49 [interquartile range, 0.15-1.40] versus 1.36 [interquartile range, 0.53-2.91]; P < 0.001). Vaccinated LT recipients showed higher antibody levels compared with unvaccinated patients (P < 0.001); antibody levels reached after vaccination were comparable to those observed in nontransplanted individuals (P = 0.70). In LT patients, a longer interval since transplantation
(odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.20) was independently associated with persistence of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies 1 year after infection. In conclusion, compared with nontransplanted patients, LT recipients show a lower long-term persistence of anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies. However, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination after COVID-19 in LT patients achieves a significant increase in antibody levels, comparable to that of nontransplanted patients.
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Citation
Liver Transplantation 28 1040‒1050 2022
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