Publication: Violencia de usuarios hacia profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios en servicios de urgencias hospitalarias. Estudio transversal descriptivo-comparativo
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Date
2021-07-12
Authors
Pina, David ; Cánovas Pallarés, Juan Manuel ; Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio ; Galián Muñoz, Inmaculada ; Pardo Ríos, Manuel ; Llor Esteban, Bartolomé ; Puente López, Esteban
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Publisher
Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Fundamentos: La violencia laboral es un problema de Salud Pública que afecta a profesionales de los Servicios de Urgencias Hospitalarias, siendo este entorno donde existe una intensa interacción con los pacientes usuarios y/o familiares que precisan cuidados críticos y/o especiales. Con ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la exposición a la violencia de los usuarios percibida por los distintos profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios de los Servicios de Urgencias pertenecientes a once hospitales españoles.
Métodos: El diseño fue una estrategia asociativa, de corte transversal, resultando un estudio descriptivo-comparativo, desarrollado en 2019, con una muestra de 584 profesionales sanitarios y no sanitarios de once servicios españoles de Urgencias Hospitalarias de ocho comunidades autónomas españolas. Se utilizaron estadísticos no paramétricos para las comparaciones entre grupo, análisis post-hoc y el cálculo de la magnitud del efecto.
Resultados: El 100% de los encuestados reconocieron haber sufrido violencia laboral al menos una vez en el último año. Específicamente, en cuanto a violencia no física, al menos ocho de cada diez profesionales estuvieron expuestos (rango 85,1%-100%). El grupo que más percibió esta violencia fue administración, seguidos de los profesionales sanitarios de enfermería y medicina, así como de los técnicos de cuidados auxiliares de enfermería (T.C.A.E) (H=28,881; p=0,001). Por otro lado, las manifestaciones de violencia física afectaron aproximadamente a tres de cada diez profesionales (rango 22,6%-29,5%), estando más presente en T.C.A.E y seguidos de los profesionales sanitarios de medicina y enfermería, así como de los profesionales no sanitarios, celadores y administración (H=9,800; p=0,05).
Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio evidencia la alta prevalencia de conductas violentas de media o baja intensidad en los servicios de Urgencias y Emergencias españoles. Además, permite profundizar en las distintas manifestaciones de violencia recibidas por los principales grupos profesionales de estos servicios. ------------
Background: Workplace violence is a public health problem that affects professionals in the hospital emergency services, being this environment where there is an intense in-teraction with users and / or relatives who require critical and / or special care. Given this, the aim of this study was to evalua-te the exposure to user violence perceived by different health and non-health professionals in Emergency Services belon-ging to eleven Spanish hospitals. Methods: The design was an associative, descriptive-comparative cross-sectional strategy developed in 2019 with a sample of 584 healthcare and non-healthcare professionals from eleven Spanish hospital emergency services in eight Spanish autonomous communities. Non-parametric statistics were used for between-group comparisons, post-hoc analysis and the calculation of the effect size.Results: 100% of respondents acknowledged having suffered workplace violence at least once in the last year. Specifically, at least eight out of every ten professionals were exposed to non-physical violence (range 85.1%-100%). The group that most perceived this violence was administration, followed by nursing, medicine and auxiliary nursing care te-chnician (T.C.A.E) (H=28.881; p=0.001). While the mani-festations of physical violence affected approximately three out of ten professionals (range 22.6%-29.5%), it is more pre-sent in the Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians (T.C.A.E), fo-llowed by medical and nursing health professionals, as well as non-health professionals, orderlies and administration (H=9.800; p=0.05).Conclusions: Our study shows the high prevalen-ce of a medium or low intensity violent behavior in spanish Emergency Services. In addition, it allows to deepen in the different manifestations of violence received by the main pro-fessional groups of these services.
Background: Workplace violence is a public health problem that affects professionals in the hospital emergency services, being this environment where there is an intense in-teraction with users and / or relatives who require critical and / or special care. Given this, the aim of this study was to evalua-te the exposure to user violence perceived by different health and non-health professionals in Emergency Services belon-ging to eleven Spanish hospitals. Methods: The design was an associative, descriptive-comparative cross-sectional strategy developed in 2019 with a sample of 584 healthcare and non-healthcare professionals from eleven Spanish hospital emergency services in eight Spanish autonomous communities. Non-parametric statistics were used for between-group comparisons, post-hoc analysis and the calculation of the effect size.Results: 100% of respondents acknowledged having suffered workplace violence at least once in the last year. Specifically, at least eight out of every ten professionals were exposed to non-physical violence (range 85.1%-100%). The group that most perceived this violence was administration, followed by nursing, medicine and auxiliary nursing care te-chnician (T.C.A.E) (H=28.881; p=0.001). While the mani-festations of physical violence affected approximately three out of ten professionals (range 22.6%-29.5%), it is more pre-sent in the Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians (T.C.A.E), fo-llowed by medical and nursing health professionals, as well as non-health professionals, orderlies and administration (H=9.800; p=0.05).Conclusions: Our study shows the high prevalen-ce of a medium or low intensity violent behavior in spanish Emergency Services. In addition, it allows to deepen in the different manifestations of violence received by the main pro-fessional groups of these services.
Citation
Rev Esp Salud Pública. 2021; Vol. 95: 12 de julio e1-6
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