Publication: Stimulation of regenerative blastema formation in lizards as a model to analyze limb regeneration in amniotes
Authors
Alibardi, Lorenzo
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de BiologĂa Celular e HistologĂa
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-123
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The hypothesis here presented tries to
explain why organ regeneration is present in fish and
amphibians (anamniotes) but is absent in reptiles, birds
and mammals (amniotes). Anamniotes possess complex
life cycles including larvae and metamorphosis stages,
the latter representing a physiological form of organ
destruction and regeneration coded in their genome that
can be reactivated in adults in the form of regeneration.
Part of the genome for larvae and metamorphosis phases
was likely lost in amniotes with the evolution of direct
development, the potentiation of the immune system and
the increase in complexity of the nervous system. These
events consequently determined incapability for organ
regeneration in extant amniotes with the exception of the
lizard tail. This likely derives from the evolution of a
mechanism of immunosuppression that allows the
regeneration of the tail although the complete
morphogenetic plane of tail embryogenesis is lost. The
lizard model of imperfect but outstanding organ
regeneration indicates the possibility to improve organ
regeneration also in other amniotes. In fact, the induction
of a blastema in the amputated lizard limb has stimulated
the formation of short limbs containing cartilaginous
bones of the femur, tibia and fibula, and these
experiments foster some hope for future attempts to
induce limb and digit regeneration also in mammals.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, Vol.34, nÂş10, (2019)
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