Publication: Evaluating the Accuracy of Declared Eating Schedules by Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors
González Romero, Pedro ; Madrid Pérez, Juan Antonio ; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco ; Rol de Lama, María de los Ángeles
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Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Biología
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Publisher
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18050772
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chrononutrition is an emergent field concerning the effect of
eating patterns on human health and their relationship with biological rhythms. Current
evidence points towards the benefits of early eating in the prevention of non-communicable
diseases and circadian health. Despite the importance of eating/fasting rhythm, current
methods are neither specific nor validated against physiological variables. This work
aimed to explore an objective metabolic outcome, postprandial glucose, as an accuracy
indicator of self-declared meal schedules registered in a mobile app. Methods: A 1-week
protocol of ambulatory monitoring of meal schedules, glucose, and circadian variables was
performed in 20 young adults. Meal annotations were registered using KronoEat 1.0, a
smartphone app, allowing for both prospective and recall entries. A circadian monitoring
device provided data on movement intensity, distal skin temperature, and prospective food
annotation. Results: Participants annotated an average of 3.5 food events/day/participant
with KronoEat. Breakfast (92.7%) and lunch (86.4%) showed the highest proportion of
food events related to a glycemic excursion, whereas this proportion was lower for dinner
(79.7%) and snacks (67.7%). Postprandial glucose after main meals differed significantly
from average glucose levels. Interesting couplings were found in circadian variables
and glucose—for example, between post-breakfast glycemic excursions and the morning
increase in activity. Conclusions: Meal schedules registered under free-living conditions
in KronoEat show high levels of correlation with postprandial glucose and glycemic
excursions derived from continuous glucose monitoring.
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Citation
Nutrients 2026, 18, 772
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