Browsing by Subject "Bone regeneration"
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- PublicationRestrictedBone union formation in the rat mandibular symphysis using hydroxyapatite with or without simvastatin: effects on healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2020-01-11) Camacho Alonso, Fabio; Martínez Ortiz, C.; Plazas Buendía, L.; Mercado Díaz, A.M.; Vilaplana Vivo, C.; Merino, J.J:; Martínez Beneyto, Yolanda; Navarro Cámara, José Antonio; Buendía Marín, Antonio Julián; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina FísicaObjective The objective is to compare new bone formation in critical defects in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) alone and HA combined with simvastatin (SV). Materials and methods A total of 48 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups (n = 16 per group): Group, 1 healthy; Group 2, diabetics; and Group 3, osteoporotics. Streptozotocin was used to induce type 1 diabetes in Group 2, while bilateral ovariectomy was used to induce osteoporosis in Group 3. The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological critical bone defect. In each group, eight defects were filled with HA alone and eightwithHA combined with SV. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and the mandibles were processed for micro-computed tomography to analyze radiological union and bone mineral density (BMD); histological analysis of the bone union; and immunohistochemical analysis, which included immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Results In all groups (healthy, diabetics, and osteoporotics), the defects filled with HA+ SV presented greater radiological bone union, BMD, histological bone union, and more VEGF and BMP-2 positivity, in comparison with bone defects treated with HA alone. Conclusions Combined application ofHAand SVimproves bone regeneration in mandibular critical bone defects compared with application of HA alone in healthy, diabetic, and osteoporotic rats. Clinical relevance This studymight help to patients with osteoporosis or uncontrolled diabetes type 1, but future studies should be done.
- PublicationOpen AccessCurrent status of bone regeneration using adipose-derived stem cells(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Tajima, Satoshi; Tobita, Morikuni; Mizuno, HiroshiMany bone regeneration therapies have been developed for clinical use and have variable outcomes and serious limitations. The goal of bone regeneration is to repair a bone defect in a stable and durable manner. Cellular strategies play an important role in bone tissue engineering. Clinical factors important for successful bone regeneration are the recruitment of cells to the defect site and the production of a suitable extracellular matrix consistent with bone tissues. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be obtained in large quantities with little donor site morbidity or patient discomfort. They are multipotent somatic stem cells and have a strong potential to differentiate and secrete growth factors. In this review, we discuss the osteogenic potential of ASCs with/without several types of scaffolds in vivo and their clinical application for bone regeneration.
- PublicationOpen AccessDemineralized bone matrix coating Si-Ca-P Ceramic does not improve the osseointegration of the scaffold(MDPI, 2018-09-01) Parrilla-Almansa, Andrés; García Carrillo, Nuria; Ros-Tárraga, Patricia; Martínez, Carlos Manuel; Martínez Martínez, Francisco; Meseguer Olmo, Luis; De Aza, Piedad N.; Cirugía, Pediatría y Obstetricia y GinecologíaThe aim of this study was to manufacture and evaluate the effect of a biphasic calcium silicophosphate (CSP) scaffold ceramic, coated with a natural demineralized bone matrix (DBM), to evaluate the efficiency of this novel ceramic material in bone regeneration. The DBM-coated CSP ceramic was made by coating a CSP scaffold with gel DBM, produced by the partial sintering of different-sized porous granules. These scaffolds were used to reconstruct defects in rabbit tibiae, where CSP scaffolds acted as the control material. Micro-CT and histological analyses were performed to evaluate new bone formation at 1, 3, and 5 months post-surgery. The present research results showed a correlation among the data obtained by micro-CT and the histomorphological results, the gradual disintegration of the biomaterial, and the presence of free scaffold fragments dispersed inside the medullary cavity occupied by hematopoietic bone marrow over the 5-month study period. No difference was found between the DBM-coated and uncoated implants. The new bone tissue inside the implants increased with implantation time. Slightly less new bone formation was observed in the DBM-coated samples, but it was not statistically significant. Both the DBM-coated and the CSP scaffolds gave excellent bone tissue responses and good osteoconductivity.
- PublicationOpen AccessEvaluation of tissue response and genotoxicity of poly(L/D-lactic acid) disks implanted in rat calvarium(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2012) Gonçalves Göelze, Juliana; Linard Avelar, Rafael; do Nascimento Dolzan, André; Emmel Becker, Otávio; Haas Junior, Orion Luiz; de Oliveira, Luciane Yumi Suzuki; de Oliveira, Rogério BelleThe aim of the present study was to evaluate local and cytotoxicity systemic tissue reaction in the skull of rats using the implantation of disks of poly (lactic L/D-acid) and evaluate its genotoxicity. 25 males Wistar rats were used, 20 animals underwent surgical procedures and had the discs implanted in the parietal bone, and 5 animals received postoperative medication in the same way, serving as a control group for genotoxicity. The results were subjected to statistical evaluation by analysis of variance (ANOVA). In histological evaluation, between periods of 90 and 120 days in the control group, a new formation at the edges of the defect was noticed. In the experimental group, there was new bone formation at the edges of the defect, migrating below the site occupied by the disk, an absence of inflammatory infiltrate. Regarding the evaluation of genotoxicity, a significant reduction in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes in relation to negative control or significant increase in the polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei was not detected. So, the material used in this study is biocompatible and well tolerated by the tissues studied, and found to be negative for chromosomal mutagenicity.
- PublicationOpen AccessGeneration of a porous scaffold with a starting composition in the CaO-SiO2-MgO-P2O5 system in a simulated physiological environment(MDPI, 2019-12-31) Grima, Lorena; Díaz-Pérez, María; Gil, Javier; Sola, Daniel; Peña, José Ignacio; FísicaMagnesium-based ceramics are involved in orthopedic applications such as bone scaffolds or implant coatings. They provide structural support to cells for bone ingrowth, but highly porous matrices cannot resist severe mechanical stress during implantation. In this study, the laser floating zone (LFZ) technique is used to prepare a dense crystalline material with composition in the CaO–SiO2–MgO–P2O5 system. This material, under physiological conditions, is able to generate a porous scaffold controlled by the dissolution of the MgO phase, meeting the mechanical advantages of a dense material and the biological features of a porous scaffold. FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), EDS (Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy), and ICP ((Inductively Coupled Plasma) analysis were carried out in order to characterize the samples before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF).
- PublicationOpen AccessPeriodontal granulation tissue preservation in surgical periodontal disease treatment: a pilot prospective cohort study(2022-03-16) Moreno Rodríguez, José Antonio; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina FísicaPurpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of periodontal granulation tissue preservation (PGTP) in access flap periodontal surgery. Methods Twenty patients (stage III–IV periodontitis) with 42 deep periodontal pockets that did not resolve after non-surgical treatment were consecutively recruited. Access flap periodontal surgery was modified using PGTP. The clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated at 9 months. The differences in the amount of granulation tissue width (GTw) preserved were evaluated and the influence of smoking was analyzed. Results GTw >1 mm was observed in 97.6% of interproximal defects, and the granulation tissue extended above the bone peak in 71.4% of defects. At 9 months, probing pocket depth reduction (4.33±1.43 mm) and clinical attachment gain (CAG; 4.10±1.75 mm) were statistically significant (P<0.001). The residual probing depth was 3.2±0.89 mm. When GTw extended above the interproximal bone peak (i.e., the interproximal supra-alveolar granulation tissue thickness [iSUPRA-GT] was greater than 0 mm), a significant CAG was recorded in the supra-alveolar component (1.67±1.32 mm, P<0.001). Interproximal gingival recession (iGR) was significant (P<0.05) only in smokers, with a reduction in the interdental papillary tissue height of 0.93±0.76 mm. In non-smokers, there was no increase in the iGR when the iSUPRA-GT was >0 mm. The clinical results in smokers were significantly worse. Conclusions PGTP was used to modify access flap periodontal surgery by preserving affected tissues with the potential for recovery. The results show that preserving periodontal granulation tissue is an effective and conservative procedure in the surgical treatment of periodontal disease.
- PublicationOpen AccessTGF-B1 and VEGF after fresh frozen bone allograft insertion in oral-maxillo-facial surgery(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Rodella, L.F.; Favero, G.; Boninsegna, R.; Borgonovo, A.; Rezzani, R.; Santoro, F.Bone regeneration technique using allografts is widely used in oral surgery to repair alveolar defects and to increase alveolar volume for endosseous implant insertions. Bone allografts promote the reabsorption and neo-synthesis of bone tissue, which are regulated by numerous cytokines, proteins and growth factors. In this study, six patients with insufficient alveolar volume for endosseous implant insertions, were treated with bone regeneration technique using Fresh Frozen Bone (FFB) allografts collected from the femoral head or the hip. Samples of bone graft collected during graft insertion surgery and biopsies collected six months later during implantology were fixed, decalcified and analyzed histomorphologically and morphometrically by haematoxylin-eosin staining. In addition, TGF-ß1 and VEGF were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The histological analysis of FFBs showed wide areas of calcified bone organized in osteons intermingled with areas of non-calcified matrix containing osteoblasts. However, the regenerated alveolar bone, collected six months after the graft insertion surgery, showed wide areas of non-calcified matrix. TGF-ß1 and VEGF were less expressed in FFB than in regenerated alveolar bone
- PublicationRestrictedUse of buccal fat pad‑derived stem cells cultured on bioceramics for repair of critical‑sized mandibular defects in healthy and osteoporotic rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2022-05-07) Camacho Alonso, Fabio; Tudela Mulero, M.R.; Mercado Díaz, A.M.; Navarro Cámara, José Antonio; Buendía Marín, Antonio Julián; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina FísicaObjective To compare new bone formation in mandibular symphysis critical-sized bone defects (CSBDs) in healthy and osteoporotic rats filled with bioceramics (BCs) with or without buccal fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (BFPSCs). Materials and methods Thirty-two adult female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized to two groups (n = 16 per group): group 1 healthy and group 2 osteoporotic (with bilateral ovariectomy). The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological CSBD. In each group, eight defects were filled with BC (hydroxyapatite 60% and β-tricalcium phosphate 40%) alone and eight with BFPSCs cultured on BC. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and the mandibles were processed for micro-computed tomography to analyze radiological union and bone mineral density (BMD); histological analysis of the bone union; and immunohistochemical analysis, which included immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). Results In both groups, CSBDs filled with BC + BFPSCs showed greater radiological bone union, BMD and histological bone union, and more VEGF and BMP-2 positivity, compared with CSBDs treated with BC alone at 4 and 8 weeks. Conclusions The application of BFPSCs cultured on BCs improves bone regeneration in CSBDs compared with BCs alone in healthy and osteoporotic rats. Clinical relevance Our results may aid bone regeneration of maxillofacial CSBDs of both healthy and osteoporotic patients, but further studies are necessary.