Anales de psicología Vol. 39, Nº 1 (2023)

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https://hdl.handle.net/10201/127347

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Open Access
Discrepancies between parents and teachers of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in executive functioning according to the BRIEF
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) González Sala, Francisco; Pastor Cerezuela, Gemma; Sanz Cervera, Pilar; Tárraga Mínguez, Raúl
One of the critical issues in the assessment of autism spectrum disorder is the behavior exhibited in various developmental contexts, and so the assessment by different informants is important in understanding this disorder. The aim of this study was to analyze parent-teacher agree-ment on executive functioning assessment in a sample of 43 children with autism spectrum disorder with level 2 severity. For this purpose, scores given by parents and teachers on the BRIEF subscales were compared, and the relationship between these scores was analyzed. The results obtained indicated, first, statistically significant differences between parents and teachers on all the subscales, with teachers reporting greater executive dys-function in all cases. Second, there were no statistically significant correla-tions between the scores given by the two informants on almost all the subscales. Overall, these results point to the different perceptions of par-ents and teachers regarding the executive functioning of children with ASD, which may reflect the relevance or role of these functions in the con-text where they are assessed.
Open Access
Phenomenological variables of autobiographical memory narratives associated with healthy habits in children
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Aguilar Córcoles, María José; Navarro Bravo, Beatriz; Esparcia Moreno, Mercedes; Latorre Postigo, José Miguel; Ricarte Trives, Jorge Javier
Different studies relateself-defining memories (SDM) to psy-chological well-being and health. This study aims toanalyse the relation be-tween the phenomenological variables (e.g., emotional intensity, vividness etc.) involved in self-defining memories associated with health (HSDMs) and healthy habits in 262 children aged between 9 and 13 years. Partici-pants’ eating habits and physical activity events are associated with the emotionality of their HSDMs. Most of the HSDMs were declared to be experienced with their family members, and greater importance was at-tributed to those memories related to mothers. Significant features of re-trieved HSDM can be detected from construction of autobiographical memories supporting the development of a robust healthy self in children. As such, families and schools should facilitate life experiences that lead to the formation of vivid and detailed HSDMs given that this is likely to promote health-related behaviours.
Open Access
Internal Structure and Invariance of a Brief Version of the Marijuana Motives Measure (MMM-P15) in a Peruvian Population of Marijuana users
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Vallejos Flores, Miguel; Capa Luque, Walter; Caycho Caja, Aaron; Chavez Santamaria, Alexandra; Reyes Baca, Gino; Bello Vidal, Catalina
Background: The identification of the reasons for marijuana use has been supported by instruments such as the MMM. Despite its im-portance, there are still no valid brief versions of this instrument in Latin American countries. This paper seeks to fill this gap by providing evidence of validity and reliability, as well as the structural invariance of the MMM. Method:The sample consisted of 1164 male and female marijuana users, aged between 18 and 49 years, from Lima and Callao. Results: The factor analysis found a penta-factorial structure. The brief version (MMM-P15) and the wide MMM showed favorable properties from structure and relia-bility (ꙍ> .88, H > .84) with appropriate indicators of the short instru-ment adjustment (RMSEA = .058 [CI 90% .050, .067], SRMR = .044,TLI = .99, CFI = .99). Likewise, both versions maintain the invariance of the instrument according to sex and evidence of internal validity was found (AVE > .50). Aside from bringing evidence of validity with other con-structs like CAST and SWLS scale. Conclusions:The MMM-P15 shows psy-chometric properties that support its use in both male and female marijua-na users, and it is a short, versatile, and useful instrument for research pur-poses even in clinical settings.
Open Access
What do we know about highly effective therapists? A systematic review
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Pereira, Gladis Lee; Trujillo Sánchez, Carolina; Alonso Vega, Jesús; Echevarría Escalante, Daniel; Froxán Parga, María Xesús
Highly effective therapists are clinicians who systematically achieve excellent therapeutic outcomes. Although these types of therapists can be found among different therapies, the variables that could explain their performance remain uncertain. Therefore, to clarify these variables, analyze their definition, their objective measures,and the extent to which they measure what they claim, a systematic review (SR) was conducted. Publications between 2000 and 2020 -from Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Google Scholar and ProQuest Research Library databases-were included.After analyzing 2784 empirical works, 31 studies have met the inclusion criteria. The results made it possible to identify, summarize and define almost 50 predictor variables of therapist effect. The need to increase construct validity, to improve empirical designs and to measure therapist-client interaction is discussed.
Open Access
The Role of Social Interest and Empathy on Helping Behaviors during Floods
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Mazraeh, Nasrollah; Khorodamini, Siamak; Hesam, Maeda; Rasti, Ali; Khodarahmi, Sahar Mirghobad; Aganj, Najme; Sheikhi, Sonay
This study examined the role of social interest and empathy in helping and not helping adults during floods. Participants were split into two groups with helping behaviors (N=90) and without helping behaviors (N = 90) during floods from six cities, Khuzestan province, Iran. A demo-graphic questionnaire, the Social Interest Scale (SIS), and the Question-naire Measure of Empathic Tendency (QMET)) were used in this study. Analysis showed that people in the helping group had higher social interest than those in the control group. Also, individuals with helping behaviors had greater performance in susceptibility to emotional contagion, extreme emotional responsiveness, tendency to be moved by others' positive emo-tional experiences, tendency to be moved by others' negative emotional experiences, sympathetic tendency, willingness to be in contact with others who have problems, and the total score of empathy than persons in the control group.These findings can be combined with the emergency aid programs in natural disasters.
Open Access
A Pilot of Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention to manage emotions in patients with psoriasis
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Ramos, Natalia; Jiménez, Óliver; Habicheyn Hiar, Silvia; Rivas Ruiz, Francisco; Resurrección, Davinia M.; de Troya, Magdalena
Psoriasis is a high incidence dermatosis related to stress, and its sufferers provide an appropriate target group to carry out interventions such as those based on mindfulness, aimed at helping emotion regulation. To assess the Compassionate Emotional Accompaniment Technique (CEAT) effects within a brief mindfulness-based intervention on emotion-al coping in patients with severe psoriasisto determine the efficacy of emotional coping after the induction of a negative emotional state. Forty-four adults(59.1% were women)aged 22 -71 years (M= 51.95, SD = 11.87) with severe psoriasis were assigned randomly to the CEAT group or the Emotional Disclosurecontrol group. Subjective discomfort, cognitive ability, affect, and heart rate were assessed before and after the interven-tions, with two follow-ups at 48 hours and seven days. The results show significant statistical differences in favour of the CEAT intervention versus the Emotional Disclosure group, being more effective in the emotional management after induction and follow-up. These results encourage inter-ventions in a clinical setting with patients with severe psoriasis, so future research should consider using this intervention type to improve emotional management with this population group.
Open Access
Evaluation report of Early Intervention Program in Situations of Youth-to-Parent Aggression: What happens one year after?
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Elgorriaga, Edurne; Ibabe, Izaskun; Arnoso, Ainara; Asla, Nagore
The Early Intervention Program in Situations of Youth-to-Parent Aggression (EI-YPA) has a good level of protocolization and is open access. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ef-fect of the EI-YPA program on adolescents in the medium term.Methods:Among the participants who successfully completed the program, 22 ado-lescents (between 12 and 17 years old) and 49 parents from Spanish fami-lies participated in the study. A single-case experimental design was ap-plied, allowing the monitoring of change within adolescents through com-parison between phases (pre-, post-intervention, and follow-up at 6 months). Results:In the medium term after the intervention, it was ob-served reductions in youth-to-parent aggression, clinical symptoms (de-pressive symptoms, irrational beliefs, a lack of empathy, and emotional in-stability), and the perception of family conflict, alongside improved life sat-isfaction. Conclusions:This study improves the quality of the evidence of this pioneering program, having a positive impact on adolescents in the medium term and good acceptability; it can thus be considered a very promising program for the clinical and family protection context.
Open Access
Academic stress and adaptation to university life: mediation of cognitive-emotional regulationand social support
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Restrepo, Jorge Emiro; Bedoya Cardona, Erika Yohanna; Cuartas Montoya, Gina Paula; Cassaretto, Mónica; Vilela, Patty
University life involve personal, social, academic, and institu-tionalchallenges to which the students must adapt not only to achieve aca-demic successbut also to guarantee a good physical and mental health dur-ing the career. Thisperiod can be influenced by stressful situations that can affect at personal andacademic level. The objective of the present study was to determine, through ananalysis with structural equations, whether various cognitive-emotional regulationstrategies and perceived social sup-port, act as mediators of the effect of stress onadaptation to university life in 555 Colombian university students (437 women,78.7%) with ages from 16 to 49 years (M = 22.83; SD = 4.774). The results showthat the cogni-tive-emotional regulation strategies positive (Focus andReappraisal), nega-tive (Rumination, Self-blame and Blaming others) and socialsupportaremediators oftheeffect ofstresson adaptationto universitylife.
Open Access
ASIS Cognitive Profiles of Children with Learning Disabilities
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Cirik, Mevlut; Arslan, Deniz; Karaduman, Engin; Opengin, Ercan
Intelligence scales are widely used for cognitive profile analyses in the diagnosis of learning disabilities. The purpose of this study was to explore the cognitive profiles of children with learning disabilities on a new test of intelligence, the Anadolu-Sak Intelligence Scale. The intelligence test was administered to 89 children diagnosed with general learning disabili-ties. A matched control group (N = 92) was randomly selected from the norm sample. Data analyses included latent profile analyses and compari-sons of scores across groups and within-group comparisons. The findings showed that the mean general intelligence and means of the verbal and visual ability of children with learning disabilities were in the average range but closer to the lower boundary. The mean of working memory was slightly below the average range and significantly lower than the mean of the matched control group. Latent profile analyses showed three distinct profiles: the zigzag profile, the wavy profile, the and waterfall profile. The only weakness shared by the three profiles is visual sequential processing memory. The results imply that weak sequential processing memory may contribute to learning disabilities
Open Access
The adaptation of Silencing the Self Scale for Women into Turkish:The study of validity and reliability
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Bozkur, Binaz
Objective:Self-silencing is a variable associated with psychological disorders in women, especially with depression. The aim of this study is to test the psychometric properties of the Turkish form of the Self-Silencing Scale and to enable the scale to be used in the field of mental health. Method: 560 women, aged from 18 to 59, enrolled in the study. Results:First and higher-order confirmatory factor analyzes (CFA) revealed sufficient goodness of fit values for the four-factor structure of the scale. It was observed that the values obtained from the Cronbach's Alpha and test-retest reliability studies of the scale were also within acceptable limits. Discussion: Evidence was reached that the scale which adapted to Turkish within the scope of the study is a valid andreliable measurement tool. These results show that the scale has a counterpart in Turkish culture and indicates a similar structure and can be used in future studies.
Open Access
Victims of dating violence in adolescence: the role of problematic use of social networks sites, loneliness, and family climate
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Muñiz Rivas, María; Suárez Relinque, Cristian; Estévez, Estefanía; Povedano Díaz, Amapola
The relationship between online-offline socialization contexts during adolescence has become a relevant research topic in recent years, especially in the field of intimate partner violence. To better understand this association, the present study analyzes the relationship between dating violence (DV) victimization and the problematic social networking sites use (PSNSU), the feeling of loneliness, and the family climate, taking into account the adolescents' gender. 1020 adolescents from Andalusia partici-pated (49% boys, M = 16.12, SD = .99). A cluster analysis, which estab-lished two groups (victimized and non-victimized), multivariate analysis of variance (2x2 MANOVA) using sex and DV as independent variables, and univariate analysis of variance to explore the significant relationships de-tected, were performed. The results showed that adolescent victims of DV obtained higher scores than non-victims in PSNSU, feelings of loneliness, and family conflict, and lower scores in family cohesion. Victimized girls generally showed lower scores than victimized boys. The results obtained provide relevant and useful information for the prevention of DV and the promotion of healthy relationships in early dating relationships. In addi-tion, they point out the importance of considering the online context in re-search on violence in adolescence.
Open Access
Intimate Partner Violence: perspective of convicts and psychologists of penitentiary institutions. A Qualitative analysis with focus groups
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Cormos, Lucía S.; Godoy Fernández, Carmen; Puente López, Esteban; García Jiménez, Jesús Javier; Marín Talón, María C.; Ruiz Hernández, José A.; Pina, David
Intimate Partner Violence is a complex process in which individual, relational and contextual variables intervene. The aim of this study was to explore coping strategies and relational dynamics in conflict situa-tions involving people convicted of intimate partner violence with their partners. Focus groups were conducted with convicted intimate partner violence offenders (12 participants) and with psychology professionals (4 participants). The data were explored through thematic analysis following the Nested Ecological Model. The group of convicted perpetrators showed roles of authority and superiority over the woman, a feeling of vulnerability and rejection of the existing legal framework, fear of being arrested for wanting to continue the relationship, the need to control the partner driven by jealousy, justification or denial of responsibility in violent situations or instrumentalization of the children in common. The professionals point out cultural aspects that facilitate violent patterns and roles in the couple's dynamics, communication problems, denial or low awareness of the crime, among other issues. The results are of special interest both for profession-als who wish to learn or deepen their knowledge on the subject, as well as for those who work in intervention and/or prevention of intimate partner violence.
Open Access
A Randomized Clinical Trial in a Public Health Context: Inclusion of Emotional Techniques in Group Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Farriols, Núria; Segarra, Gerard; Palma, Carol; Frías, Álvaro; Aliaga, Ferrán; Borrás, Mireia; Alonso, Isabel; Horta, Anna; Andrés Gárriz, Clara
A randomized clinical trial was carried out with two treatment groups: one receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and the other with the inclusion of emotional techniques (CEBT), both lasting 20 sessions. The sample consisted of 237 patients, all of them with principal diagnoses of anxiety disorders, and all referred by their general practitioners. There were significant improvements in symptomatology (anxiety trait, depression, clinical symptomatology), but the only significant difference found in the intergroup comparison was for the variable “subjective life satisfaction” (p = .017), which was greater in the CEBT group. This group also displayed better adherence to the treatment program (p = .019). This reinforces the case for including group therapy treatment with emotional components in primary care settings, highlighting the importance of emphasizing self-esteem.
Open Access
Family involvement and school effectiveness in primary education
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Aierbe, Ana; Bartau Rojas, Isabel; Oregui, Eider
The commonly accepted premise that collaboration among the educational community leads to school improvement and greater student achievement is not always fulfilled due to the diverse reality of schools and various initiatives to promote family participation. This work addresses the perception of teachers, school management teams and educational inspec-tion of family-school-community relations in 23 primary schools in the Basque Autonomous Community, characterized by different criteria related to school effectiveness-ineffectiveness, aiming to identify good practice leading to school improvement. The study is descriptive-exploratory-exploratory-explanatory with mixed methodology, using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and discussion groups. Results show family involvement is mediated by teaching staff ́s personal factors, that all schools try to pro-mote family collaboration, though forms of participation vary, and those which work best are proactive, stressing different collaboration dimen-sions. Conclusions include adopting a systemic approach, review and up-dating of training modalities, and assessment of teaching competences for collaboration.
Open Access
Predicting teacher resilience by using artificial neural networks: influence of burnout and stress by COVID-19
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Martínez Ramón, Juan Pedro; Morales Rodríguez, Francisco Manuel; Pérez López, Sergio; Méndez, Inmaculada; Ruiz Esteban, Cecilia
Antecedentes: La resiliencia en el profesorado permite afrontar si-tuaciones difíciles y reponerse a la adversidad existiendo diferencias de gé-nero al respecto. Asimismo, la inteligencia artificial y las técnicas asociadas a ella han resultado ser de gran utilidad para predecir variables educativas y estudiar la interconexión entre ellas tras la COVID-19. Dicho esto, el obje-tivo general de esta investigación fue predecir los niveles de resiliencia en las profesoras y profesores de Secundaria a través del diseño de una red neuronal artificial (RNA). Método:Se administró la Escala Breve de Afron-tamiento Resiliente, el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach y el Cuestionario de Estrés frente a la COVID-19 a 401 docentes de secundaria (70.6% mu-jeres) de centros educativos del sureste español, con una edad media de 44.36 años (DT= 9.38). Resultados:Se hallaron diferencias en la configura-ción de los modelos predictivos de la resiliencia entre profesoras y profeso-res contribuyendo las variables independientes en diferente grado en fun-ción del género. Conclusiones:Se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de las RNA en el ámbito educativo y la necesidad de diseñar programas más ajustados.
Open Access
The relationship between psychological distress and professional identity in graduate nursing students during COVID-19: A longitudinal cross-lagged analysis
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Dong, Chaoqun; Xu, Huan; Ren, Liya; Wang, Yuxin; Yang, Yeqin; Sun, Hongyu
There is growing evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health and professional identity of nursing students. This study aimed to explore the trajectories of psychological dis-tress and professional identity and examine their causal relationship among graduate nursing students. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with 556 graduate nursing students in China who were asked to complete the Questionnaires for Emergent Events of Public Health and the Profes-sional Identity Questionnaire for Nursing Students at three timepoints dur-ing the pandemic (T1 = onset of the outbreak, T2 = state-wide isolation, T3 = school reopening). The results showed that psychological distress and psychological identity changed over time, with the lowest psychologi-cal distress and highest professional identity at T3. The cross-lagged analy-sis showed that professional identity at T1 and T2 negatively predicted psychological distress at T2 and T3. We concluded that nurse educators should develop programs and strategies to cultivate professional identity in graduate nursing education to improve mental health during public health crises.
Open Access
Validity of Self-Reports Provided by People With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Danés, Marta; Botella, Juan; Belinchón, Mercedes
Background: Literature collects that people with Autism Spectrum Disorderwithout Intellectual Disability (ASD-noID) frequently suffer co-occurring clinical problems that predict poorer adult outcomeand reduce quality of life (QoL). Previous studies pose doubts about their capacity to recognize and communicate these problems, but that is an issue that, although relevant, has not yet been systematically revised. Method: A meta-analysis on 32 studies (1422 pairs of participants) was carried out to assess to what extent self-reports provided by people with ASD-noID match those provided by their parents. The articles were categorized according to the domains assessed and method. Results: Significant differences between self-and hetero-reports were found in the domains of Depression, QoL and Social skills (d= .406; -.399 and -.683,respectively), but not in Anxiety and Social anxiety. The average degree of agreement between both groups of reports was r= .40. Conclusions: Self-and hetero-reports do not provide interchangeable results on the problems of people with ASD-noID. However, a general inability to validate self-reporting cannot be attributed to them. Deeper analysis is necessary to allow to optimize the use of self-reports in this population with both clinical and research purposes.

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