Enfermería global Vol.24, Nº 2 (2025)

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Open Access
Creencias y prácticas culturales sobre comportamientos de lactancia materna en mujeres: una Revisión Sistemática Exploratoria
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Badanta, Bárbara; Suarez-Reina, Pablo; Álvarez-Pérez, Isabel; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Guerra-Martín, María Dolores; Vega-Escaño, Juan; Diego-Cordero, Rocío de; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction. Cultural issues are strongly related to women’s life habits. The World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action, led by the United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization, recommends exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life and supplementary breastfeeding up to 2 years. There are different cultural beliefs and practices about breastfeeding that can negatively influence it. According to the World Health Organization, only 4 out of 10 infants under 6 months of age have received exclusive breastfeeding in the world. Objective. To explore the role of cultural beliefs and practices on women’s breastfeeding behaviors. Method. A scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist was conducted using six electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Adherence to reporting guidelines in observational studies were assessed. Results. 3078 studies were located, of which 37 were finally selected. Two thematic categories were proposed: 1. Perceptions and beliefs concerning women’s breastfeeding. 2. The influence of social norms on women’s breastfeeding. Discussion: The results highlight the beliefs that colostrum is considered “dirty milk” and that mother’s milk has a low nutritional value, which is associated with some religious practices, family impositions, social barriers, sensational and false news stories, and the early return to work, resulting in low breastfeeding rates worldwide.Conclusion. This review has advanced the understanding that cultural issues are strongly associated with breastfeeding among women. Educational programs, counseling and health professionals’ training should be offered to increase breastfeeding
Open Access
Comportamientos ineficaces de mantenimiento de la salud: análisis de concepto basado en revisión de alcance
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Dantas, Ana Clara; Coutinho Borges, Bárbara Ebilizarda; Bezerra da Silva, Cyntia Leenara; Melo de Carvalho, Leandro; Fernandes, Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias; Fortes Vitor, Allyne; Sin departamento asociado
Background: the concept under study is partially developed according to the literature. According to Morse, if a concept is partially mature, techniques of comparison, clarification, and/or concept correction should be applied.Objective: To analyze the concept of “ineffective health maintenance behaviors” from Morse's perspective. Method:Concept analysis conducted according to Morse's advanced techniques, operationalized through a scoping review performed in the following data sources: Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar, along with manual searches in reference lists. Results: With a final sample of 35 studies, five attributes, 17 antecedents, 12 outcomes, and the boundaries of the phenomenon of ineffective health maintenance behaviors were identified for the Nursing field. The results of this study contribute to the standardized Nursing language.Conclusion: The boundaries of this phenomenon in the field of Nursing have been delineated. Conceptual refinement contributes to the development of targeted Nursing interventions, facilitating the implementation of personalized care plans with the potential to impact the quality of care provided. Based on this concept analysis, research with observational designs is recommended to validate the indicators of the phenomenon under study, which may help nurses effectively identify, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate patients with ineffective health maintenance behaviors during their care
Open Access
Efecto de una intervención educativa en conocimientos y actitudes sobre lactancia materna en adolescentes embarazadas
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Ospina Uribe, Martha Cecilia; Villegas Arenas, Dolly; Echandía Alvarez, Carlos Armando; Sin departamento asociado
ntroduction:Breastfeeding is the ideal food for the proper development of the child, the decision to breastfeed and its maintenance in a teenage mother is a complex process, the support network and health systems play an important role.Objective: to determine whether an educational intervention improves knowledge and attitudes regarding breastfeeding in pregnant adolescents.Methods:Through an intragroup quasi-experimental investigation, the questionnaire was applied to evaluate knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding by Hernández et al. in pregnant adolescents who attended the prenatal control program of a low-level complexity health institution in Cali. Then, an educational intervention on breastfeeding was carried out with a debate among the participants and distribution of a brochure. Four weeks later, the questionnaire was administered again. The non-parametric sign test was used to estimate the effect.Results: Fifty-six pregnant adolescents were included, with an average age of 18.6 ± 1.8 years. Most had completed secondary education (84%), were single (78.6%), and belonged to the low socioeconomic stratum (57%). The majority were in their first pregnancy (87.5%) and 73% were classified as high obstetric risk because factors like being underweight (23%), being overweight (20%), having an early pregnancy (11%), and having an unwanted pregnancy (9%). Limited knowledge about breastfeeding was found among the participants; however, their attitudes were positive. Conclusions: Improvement in prior knowledge score, from a median of 3.6 to 4.5, was observed after the educational intervention (p < 0.001).
Open Access
Más allá del cuidado físico: expectativas emocionales de pacientes crónicos hacia Enfermería en Atención Primaria
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) María Fernanda Valle Dávila; Cristina Fernanda Vaca Orellana; Silvia Lorena Acosta Balseca; Lilia Janeth Saldarriaga Sandoval; Sleyter Joan Benavides Pérez; Yu Ling Reascos Paredes; Sin departamento asociado
ntroduction:Patients with chronic diseases require comprehensive health care through Nursing care that includes assessment of their emotions. Objective: To analyze the perceptions of a group of chronic patients regarding the care provided by Nursing professionals in managing their emotions. Method:Descriptive exploratory qualitative study applied to 25 chronic patients in a primary care health center in Ecuador. An in-depth interview was used as the data collection instrument. Data analysis involved text mining through the R Core Team program and discourse analysis. Results: The following categories emerged: emotional support, interaction, communication, and comprehensive health. Conclusion:There is an urgent need to integrate emotional support as an essential element in Nursingcare for chronic patients, in accordance with Watson's human caring theory
Open Access
Dignidad y respeto al adulto mayor con COVID-19 en Cuidados Intensivos desde la perspectiva enfermera
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Adriana Denis Gaibor-García; Jorge Leodan Cabrera-Olvera; Maricelys Jimenez-Barrera; Sandy Janeth Aules-Merchancano; Marisely Peña Infante; Lucia Socorro Macías-Delgado; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction: To describe nurses' perception of dignity and respect for older adults with COVID-19 during their care in intensive care units.Material and methods: Qualitative approach study of phenomenological design, with a sample of 15 nurses from intensive care units of public and private institutions in Ecuador, obtained through convenience sampling, to whom semi-structured interviews were applied, for their analysis the Colaizzi model was followed and complemented with the implementation of the Atlas software. Ti.Results: 5 categories emerged: 1. Lack of care for the elderly during COVID-19; 2. Dignity and respect for the elderly during the pandemic; 3. Separation of the family link to the critical patient during the health emergency; 4. Ethical and bioethical principles violated during the care of the elderly during the health crisis; and 5.Negative effects on the mental health of nursing personnel in critical services. Conclusions: From the nurse's point of view, the limited therapeutic margin suffered by this age group in the health emergency stands out, presenting bioethical conflicts and human rights violations; in addition, humanized care had to be adapted through strategies to guarantee family closeness and their ontological dignity during the pandemic.
Open Access
Calidad de vida en personas con tuberculosis de una institución pública de Atención Primaria
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Burgos Villera, Yeis Isabela; Salguedo Pajaro, Mayreng Del C; Castillo Avila, Irma Yolanda; Sin departamento asociado
ntroduction: much progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis, but thereis a lack of comprehensive understanding of the factors associated with health-related quality of life(HRQoL) in people with this disease.Objective: To determine the factors associated with the health-related quality of life of patients withtuberculosis in a care institution in the city of Cartagena, Colombia.Method:An analytical cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The population was 120patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis, the sample according to the inclusion criteria was 93 patients. Results: The average age of the participants was 40 years (SD= 8.5), and a greater proportion were men (66.7% (62)). The dimensions of quality of life best evaluated were Physical Function (62.4% (58)) and General Health (60.2% (56)). Being in the second phase of treatment was associated with a betterperception of quality of life for the Physical Role dimension (OR= 15.47 (1.5-13.3)), the presence of comorbidity with a worse perception of General Health (OR=0.23 (0.08- 0.63)).Conclusion: Treatment adherence and compliance improve clinical characteristics such as weight and have a positive impact on perception of quality of life. A higher educational level helps patients withtuberculosis to maintain better relationships and an emotional role, in contrast comorbidities can have an impact on a worse perception of pain among these patients
Open Access
Tecnologías educativas en la alfabetización de mujeres embarazadas con diabetes mellitus gestacional: revisión de alcance
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publiaciones, 2025) Camila Ferreira do Monte; Karen Roberta Ferreira Virginío; Alex dos Santos Silva; Erielton Gomes da Silva; Liliane dos Santos Machado; Lidiane Lima de Andrade; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus self-management can be achieved through educational technologies that help healthcare professionals do their job better.Objective: To map evidence on educational technologies aimed at literacy for pregnant women with gestational diabetes.Method: This is a scoping review, conducted under the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR, with no language or time restrictions. The search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, LILACS, Web of Science, CINAHL (EBSCO), CAPES Thesis and Dissertation Catalog, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, and Google Scholar.Results: A total of 6,503 studies were identified, and 13 studies were included after analysis. The English language and randomized clinical trials were predominant. The use of mobile applications, educational films, and web-based interventions was identified. The forms of development and evaluation of these technologies were predominantly the use of literature and the division into intervention and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: Technologies with an emphasis on health literacy were used in longitudinal care, covering diagnosis, monitoring, and health promotion
Open Access
Utilización de la Inteligencia Artificial en la educación de Enfermería: una revisión del alcance
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Ida Ayu Agung Laksmi; Ni Luh Putu Dian Yunita Sari; Rutmauli Hutagaol; Komang Yogi Triana; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction:Recent technological advances in education, including nursing education, have provided an opportunity for the introduction of Artificial Intelligence in education to increase the quality of education and the Teaching-Learning Process. AI offers an interactive, adaptive and data-driven environment that benefits students' theoretical knowledge and clinical competence. Although its potential use includes personalized learning, live feedback or immersive simulations, its incorporation in nursing education is limited due to ethical implications, high costs and lack of infrastructure. Objective: To describe the use of artificial intelligence in nursing education.Methods: This scoping review was organized based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, identifying the use of AI in nursing education. Results: A comprehensive literature search identified 16 relevant studies between 2020 and 2025. The findings, categorized into three topic areas, highlighted the role of AI in competency development, benefits and challenges, and nursing student perspectives.Conclusion: This study highlights the need for integration of AI into the nursing education curriculum to prepare students for the changing demands of healthcare. Although AI improves student engagement and decision-making, further research is needed to assess its long-term effectivenessand ethical implications
Open Access
Social Support, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life in Older Adults in Wellness centers
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Manrique-Anaya, Yolima; Pérez Cosín, José Vicente; Sigalat Signes, Enrique; Torres Contreras, Claudia; Sin departamento asociado
Introducción: necesario manejo integral del adulto mayor para garantizar su calidad de vida en el envejecimiento. Objetivo: Determinar relación entre apoyo social, capacidad funcional y calidad de vida en adultos mayores que asisten a centros de bienestar Cartagena-Colombia. Método: Estudio descriptivo, comparativo, transversal y correlacional. Participaron 417 adultos mayores. Instrumentos: funcionalidad de Lawton y Brody, índice multicultural de calidad de vida y escala de apoyo social, el análisis incluyo medidas de tendencia central, t de Student, U de Mann Whitney y prueba H de Kruskal-Wallis. Ética basada en Resolución 008430 y principios de Helsinki. Resultados: Predominaron las mujeres con 61.72%, viudas 30.86%, mediana de edad 68; 80 años. El 50.96% depende económicamente del Estado y el 38.76% de la familia. El análisis bivariado mostró significancia estadística (p<0.05) en edad p<0.001, recurso económico p<0.045, medicación p<0.001 y actividad física p<0.001. Las escalas de calidad de vida y apoyo social se correlacionan con puntaje de 0.41. La edad mostró significancia con la escala de Lawton y Brody p<0.001, y apoyo social y calidad de vida con p<0.05. Se observó correlación negativa entre Lawton y Brody y la edad (-0.21; p<0.001), indicando que, al aumentar la edad, disminuye el puntaje y aumenta la dependencia, afectando la calidad de vida. Conclusión: Las personas mayores en centros de bienestar reciben apoyo económico familiar o estatal. La correlación evidencia la necesidad de fortalecer redes de apoyo e involucrar a la familia en los seguimientos. Se recomienda promover acciones interdisciplinarias en salud que mejoren su funcionalidad
Open Access
Hierarchical relationships between mother, family, and Health Services in the context of prenatal care
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Ramos Lafont, Claudia Patricia; Hernández Holguín, Dora María; Posada Zapata, Isabel Cristina; Henao Villegas, Santiago; Sin departamento asociado
Objetivo: Describir las interacciones que tienen las mujeres gestantes con sus familias y el programa de control prenatal para la construcción de significados sobre salud materna.Método: Estudio cualitativo, el método utilizado fue la teoría fundamentada. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad; el análisis de la información se hizo por medio del método comparativo constante. Los códigos sustantivos fueron consignados en un libro de Excel® (codificación abierta), posteriormente fueron ensamblados de manera explicativa aplicando el modelo paradigmático, estableciendo así las relaciones entre categorías y subcategorías (codificación axial). Finalmente, se hizo el refinamiento de las categorías y subcategorías encontradas, integrando los datos e identificando la categoría central (codificación selectiva).Resultados:Emergió una categoría central: cuidado de la salud materna caracterizado por relaciones jerárquicas entre la madre, la familia y los servicios de salud y tres categorías interpretativas aportantes a la categoría central. Conclusiones: Las interacciones con la atención prenatal y la construcción de significados de las gestantes y sus familias sobre la salud materna en el contexto de las relaciones surgidas en la prestación de los servicios de salud están definidas por el rol asumido por la gestante como receptora de información y cumplidora de ordenes emanadas por estos. Las gestantes y sus familias en su interacción con los prestadores del servicio de salud (control prenatal) no tienen la oportunidad de expresar sus opiniones acerca del cuidado de la salud durante el embarazo
Open Access
Impacto del Programa “Apoyo entre Pares” en el tratamiento de pacientes con Tuberculosis: estudio cuasi-experimental
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publiaciones, 2025) Syamikar Baridwan Syamsir; Henny Permatasari; Utami Rachmawati; Agus Setiawan; Dhea Natashia; Heru Supriyatno; Sin departamento asociado
Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem in many countries, including Indonesia. To enhance the treatment of TB patients, improving patients' perceptions of the disease and treatment is essential. This study aims to assess the effects of a peer support group program on the Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, and Self-Efficacy of TB patients undergoing treatment. Methods:Employing a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test-post-test design, the study was conducted at the Cimanggis Community Health Centre in Depok City. A total of 32 TB patients were selected via a total sampling technique. Over two months, the intervention included seven sessions encompassing participant selection, psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, breathing exercises, activity scheduling, problem-solving, and health behavior maintenance. Instruments utilized included validated Health Belief Model and Sociodemographic Profile Questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using paired sample t-tests. Results: This study showed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores in each domain of Perceived Severity (p=0.000), Perceived Benefits (p=0.000), Perceived Barriers (p=0.000), and Self-Efficacy (p=0.000). The average score of each part increased significantly. Conclusions: The peer support group program effectively enhanced TB patients' perceptions and confidence in their treatment approach. The pivotal roles of community nurses in facilitating peer support groups, delivering TB education, and overseeing program participation underscore the value of community-based interventions in TB management.
Open Access
Medicina regenerativa en el cuidado de las úlceras del pie diabético. Una Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Conrado Jorge-Finnigan; Marta Celorrio San Miguel; Saray Rodríguez-García; Ana Belén Dueñas-Pérez; Elena Jiménez-Callejo; Diego Fernández Lázaro; Sin departamento asociado
ntroduction:The pluripotency of stem cells (SC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) makes them potential candidates to accelerate tissue repair processes in lesions such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the current evidence on the benefits of healing DFUs that do not respond to conventional treatment with SC and/or PRP. Method:Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we systematically review original studies published in the last 5 years and indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, CUIDEN, and PubMed to evaluate the effects of SC and/or PRP on skin markers, healing time and adverse effects in DFU. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42024537847). Results: Among 107 records identified in the search, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. DFUs treated with topically administered PRP or intralesional injection achieved a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in ulcer/ wound area. The overall cure rate improved significantly (p < 0.05) after the application of SC. Treatment with SC was able to reduce the amputation rate non-significantly (p > 0.05). The epithelialization or healing processes did not experience significant changes (p > 0.05) after the use of PRP or SC. No serious adverse effects were reported. Conclusion:Cell therapy with SC and/or PRP on DFUs that do not heal with conventional treatment is a safe and effective therapeutic option
Open Access
Estrategias de intervención educativa como herramienta para mejorar el apego prenatal
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Yuni Purwati; Noor Pramono; Mohammad Hakimi; Agus Suwandono; Tri Nur Kristina; Anggorowati; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction:Maternal-fetal attachment is a cognitive and emotional affiliative relationship between a mother and fetus that contributes to fetal well-being. The prenatal attachment education package is an educational tool designed to enhance partner support, reduce anxiety, and improve maternal-fetal attachment. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the prenatal attachment education package on partner support, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment in primigravida women.Methods:A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group approach was used. Using purposive sampling, a total of 107 participants were selected, with 53 in the intervention group and 54 in the control group. Instruments used: 1) Social Support Survey; 2) Perinatal Anxiety Scale; and 3) Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. Normally distributed data were analyzed using paired t-tests, independent t-tests, effect size, and path analysis.Results: The prenatal attachment education package had a significant impact on increasing partner support, reducing anxiety, and improving maternal-fetal attachment compared to the pre-intervention condition (p < 0.05). The effect of the education package was greater than that of the standard program (p = 0.000). Conclusion:The prenatal attachment education package has been proven to increase partner support, reduce anxiety, and enhance maternal-fetal attachment in primigravida women. It can be used as a guide in prenatal classes and as a supplement to standard maternal and child health education materials
Open Access
Traducción, adaptación y validación del instrumento de evaluación de la Preparación para la Transición al Hogar
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Saucedo-Pahua, Gerardo; Jiménez González, María de Jesús; Tirso Duran Badillo; Anel Gómez García; Herlinda Aguilar Zavala; María de Jesús Ruiz-Recéndiz; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of disability, affecting both survivors and their caregivers. Using a validated instrument to assess caregiver readiness for transitioning to home care will enable an optimal response to caregiving needs. Objective: The objective is to translate, adapt and validate the psychometric properties of the Preparedness Assessment for the Transition Home Instrument for its use in Mexico.Methodology:This is a methodological study with seven stages: Translation, semantic adaptation, validation by judges, style correction, pilot test, psychometric properties and factor analysis.Results: Item Validity Index: 0.37; Criterion Validity: 24% error; Content Validity Index: 10. Kendall's W: coherence (141.848/p=0.000), clarity (143.312/p=0.000), relevance (159.631/p=0.000), sufficiency (59.885/p=0.000). The final version's criterion validity, as determined by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin analysis, is 0.832. Bartlett's Sphericity Test yielded a chi-squared value of 2158.306, with 300 degrees of freedom and a p-value of less than 0.000. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified seven factors explaining 63.38% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed an adequate model fit (X² = 779.423, df = 269, p < 0.000; CFI = 0.741; TLI = 0.687; NFI = 0.660; AIC = 941.423; PNFI = 0.547; RMSEA = 0.087, CI [0.080, 0.094]). The final internal consistency is 0.86 by Cronbach's alpha.Conclusions:The Mexican version of the instrument retains the original 25 items, which are distributed across seven domains. It is valid and reliable for the intended population
Open Access
Rol parental en la alimentación consciente y prevención de obesidad infantil: una Revisión de Alcance
(Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publaciones, 2025) Francisco Andrés Cuén-Tánori; Yolanda Flores-Peña; Juan Alberto López González; Sin departamento asociado
Introduction: Childhood obesity is presented as a serious health problem worldwide. Its prevention is a priority, being mindful eating a key strategy that promotes healthy relationships of children with food. This approach encourages mindfulness when eating, which improves self-regulation and reduces emotional eating. However, despite positive results, evidence is scarce.Objective: To identify the role of parents and/or primary caregivers in the establishment of healthy eating patterns and habits in children, from the mindful eating approach.Material and Methods: Scoping review based on the JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We included studies published between 2010 and 2024 that addressed the role of parents in establishing mindful eating practices in children. Data selection and cleaning was performed through Rayyan. Results: Nine studies were included. The interventions addressed mindful eating and it was reported that this practice improves eating habits in children, reduces consumption of unhealthy foods and they are more open to try new foods. At the international level, WHO and UNICEF initiatives promote similar strategies for the prevention of childhood obesity.Conclusion: Evidence suggests that mindful eating is effective in the prevention of childhood obesity. However, more research is needed on its long-term effects and its adaptation to diverse sociocultural contexts.

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