Efecto del bullying y el cyberbullying en la práctica de actividad física y el autoconcepto físico: una revisión sistemática
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Date
2026
Authors
Reche-Soto, Pedro
Gómez-Carmona, Carlos D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad dde Murcia
Abstract
La presente revisión sistemática examinó el efecto del bullying y el ciberbullying en la práctica de
actividad física y el autoconcepto físico. Siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se consultaron 4 bases
de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y EBSCO obteniendo un total de 157 estudios. Tras el
proceso, se incluyeron 20 estudios que involucraron a 213.197 participantes (46.4% hombres y
53.6% mujeres). La prevalencia promedio fue de 21,9% para el bullying y 13,7% para el
ciberbullying. La mayoría de los estudios encontraron que una mayor práctica de actividad física,
especialmente vigorosa y con altos niveles de disfrute, reducía la probabilidad de ser víctima de
bullying y ciberbullying. Sin embargo, ciertos tipos de actividades, como el fútbol y el atletismo,
mostraron mayor propensión a comportamientos de bullying. En cuanto al autoconcepto físico, tener
sobrepeso, obesidad o una percepción negativa del cuerpo se asoció con mayor victimización por
bullying y ciberbullying. La actividad física regular puede contribuir a un autoconcepto físico
positivo y una motivación intrínseca hacia el ejercicio. En conclusión, la práctica regular de actividad
física, especialmente de intensidad vigorosa, parece tener un efecto protector contra el bullying y el
ciberbullying, mientras que un autoconcepto físico negativo puede aumentar el riesgo de
victimización.
The present paper conducted a systematic review to examine the scientific evidence on the effect of bullying and cyberbullying on physical activity practice and physical self-concept. Following the PRISMA methodology, 4 databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO—were consulted, obtaining a total of 157 studies. After the process, 20 studies involving 213,197 participants (46.4% males and 53.6% females) were included. The average prevalence was 21.9% for bullying and 13.7% for cyberbullying. Most studies found that increased physical activity practice, especially vigorous activity with high levels of enjoyment, reduced the likelihood of being a victim of bullying and cyberbullying. However, certain types of activities, such as football and athletics, showed a higher propensity for bullying behaviors. Regarding physical self-concept, being overweight, obese, or having a negative body perception was associated with increased victimization by bullying and cyberbullying. Regular physical activity can contribute to a positive physical self concept and intrinsic motivation towards exercise. In conclusion, regular practice of physical activity, especially of vigorous intensity, appears to have a protective effect against bullying and cyberbullying, while a negative physical self-concept may increase the risk of victimization.
The present paper conducted a systematic review to examine the scientific evidence on the effect of bullying and cyberbullying on physical activity practice and physical self-concept. Following the PRISMA methodology, 4 databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO—were consulted, obtaining a total of 157 studies. After the process, 20 studies involving 213,197 participants (46.4% males and 53.6% females) were included. The average prevalence was 21.9% for bullying and 13.7% for cyberbullying. Most studies found that increased physical activity practice, especially vigorous activity with high levels of enjoyment, reduced the likelihood of being a victim of bullying and cyberbullying. However, certain types of activities, such as football and athletics, showed a higher propensity for bullying behaviors. Regarding physical self-concept, being overweight, obese, or having a negative body perception was associated with increased victimization by bullying and cyberbullying. Regular physical activity can contribute to a positive physical self concept and intrinsic motivation towards exercise. In conclusion, regular practice of physical activity, especially of vigorous intensity, appears to have a protective effect against bullying and cyberbullying, while a negative physical self-concept may increase the risk of victimization.
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Keywords
Virtual Victimization , Physical Exercise , Body Image , Bibliographic Analysis , Acoso Escolar , Victimización Virtual , Ejercicio Físico , Imagen Corporal , Análisis Bibliográfico , School Harassment
Citation
SPORT TK-EuroAmerican Journal of Sport Sciences, 15, 25
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