Publication: Inserción laboral e inserción social de los inmigrantes en las áreas agroexportadoras mediterráneas : la importancia de los contextos locales
Authors
Torres Pérez, Francisco
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Editora Regional de Murcia
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Abstract
La inserción social de los trabajadores inmigrantes en las áreas agro-exportadoras mediterráneas es un proceso que combina las tendencias globales, "macro" y estructurales y los factores locales, "micro". La particular combinación de ambos, modulada por los actores en contextos sociales concretos, conforma la inserción social de los inmigrantes que trabajan en la agricultura en Almería, Murcia y Valencia. Este artículo toma pie en algunos aspectos de estas tres realidades. En las tres zonas del Mediterráneo español, los factores "macro", estructurales e institucionales que operan son los mismos. Sin embargo, en Almería, Murcia y Valencia se constatan diferencias importantes en la inserción social de los inmigrantes que trabajan en la agricultura, unas diferencias que no pueden explicarse, ni entenderse, adecuadamente sin hacer referencia a los distintos "contextos locales" generados por el mutuo condicionamiento e interdependencia entre la estructura de la economía local, los mercados de trabajo, las estrategias de los diferentes agentes económicos y sociales, la actuación de las administraciones y autoridades locales. El mutuo condicionamiento de estos factores genera unas dinámicas sociales que consolidan prácticas específicas, segregación o convivencia socio-residencial por ejemplo, así como un determinado "clima social" respecto a la inmigración. Con este hilo conductor se analizan algunos aspectos de la inserción laboral y residencial de los inmigrantes en la agricultura intensiva y las consecuencias sociales de dicho tipo de inserción.
The social insertion of the immigrant workers in the Mediterranean agro-exporting areas is a process that combines global, "macro" and structural tendencies, and local "micro" factors. This particular combination, modulated by the actors of precise social contexts, shapes the social insertion of the immigrants working in agriculture in Almería, Murcia and Valencia. This paper starts from some aspects of these three Spanish Mediterranean realities. In all three, the "macro", structural and institutional operating factors are the same. Nevertheless, important differences can be found on the processes of social insertion of the immigrants working in agriculture between Almería, Murcia and Valencia. These differences may not be correctly explained or understood without referring to the dissimilar "local contexts ", which are brought up by the mutual conditioning and interdependence between the structure of the local economy, the labour markets, the strategies followed by the several economical and social agents, and the behaviour of the local authorities and administrations. Thus, different social dynamics are generated, which consolidate distinct practices such as segregation or social -residential communities, together with a specific "social clima te" on immigration. Along this connecting thread, we analyse some aspects of the labour and residential insertion of the immigrants within intensive agriculture, as well as the social consequences of this kind of insertion.
The social insertion of the immigrant workers in the Mediterranean agro-exporting areas is a process that combines global, "macro" and structural tendencies, and local "micro" factors. This particular combination, modulated by the actors of precise social contexts, shapes the social insertion of the immigrants working in agriculture in Almería, Murcia and Valencia. This paper starts from some aspects of these three Spanish Mediterranean realities. In all three, the "macro", structural and institutional operating factors are the same. Nevertheless, important differences can be found on the processes of social insertion of the immigrants working in agriculture between Almería, Murcia and Valencia. These differences may not be correctly explained or understood without referring to the dissimilar "local contexts ", which are brought up by the mutual conditioning and interdependence between the structure of the local economy, the labour markets, the strategies followed by the several economical and social agents, and the behaviour of the local authorities and administrations. Thus, different social dynamics are generated, which consolidate distinct practices such as segregation or social -residential communities, together with a specific "social clima te" on immigration. Along this connecting thread, we analyse some aspects of the labour and residential insertion of the immigrants within intensive agriculture, as well as the social consequences of this kind of insertion.
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