Publication: El sistema de realidad virtual EMMA-Child para el tratamiento del trauma infantil: experiencias iniciales
Authors
Alcántara López, María Vicenta ; Castro Sáez, Maravillas ; Martínez Pérez, Antonia María ; Fernández Fernández, María Visitación ; López Soler, Concepción
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Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia
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Publisher
AITANA Investigación
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
El maltrato infantil ha pasado a considerarse en la última década un problema de salud pública. Numerosos trabajos que analizan los efectos directos en la salud mental infantil informan de una alta prevalencia en alteraciones internalizantes, externalizantes así como de trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT). La Terapia Cognitivo Conductual-Focalizada en el Trauma ha sido la única que ha recibido la mención de tratamiento eficaz bien establecido en población infanto-juvenil. La técnica de exposición prolongada se considera de elección para el tratamiento del TEPT, si bien numerosos pacientes presentan dificultades para llevarla a cabo. La realidad virtual se ha convertido en una alternativa que facilita la técnica de exposición. Recientemente se han publicado diversas revisiones sistemáticas que avalan la eficacia de la Terapia de Exposición en Realidad Virtual (Virtual Reality exposure-based therapy, VR-EBT) para el tratamiento del TEPT en población adulta. Si bien, no existen estudios sobre esta terapia en población infanto-juvenil. El sistema de realidad virtual conocido como “El mundo de EMMA” se había empleado en población adulta,en base a lo cual, el equipo de investigación GUIIA-PC llevó a cabo la primera adaptación en 2008 de este sistema denominado “EMMA-Child” en población infantil que había sufrido maltrato intrafamiliar crónico. El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad presentar las primeras experiencias en la aplicación de EMMA-Child en 8 menores, destacando por un lado las ventajas frente al tratamiento tradicional así como las puntuaciones antes y después del tratamiento en sintomatología de ansiedad, depresión, ira y hostilidad, adaptación, y estrés postraumático. -------------
Over the last decade Child Maltreatment has come to be considered a public health problem. Numerous studies analyzing its direct effects on children's mental health report a high prevalence in internalizing and externalizing disorders as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive Behavioral-Trauma Focused Therapy is the only one which has been considered well established, effective treatment in the child-juvenile population. The technique of prolonged exposure is considered of choice for the treatment ofPTSD, although many patients present difficulties in carrying it out. Virtual reality has become an alternative that facilitates the technique of exposure. Several systematic reviews have recently been published that endorse the efficacy of Virtual Reality Exposure Based Therapy (VR-EBT) for the treatment of PTSD in the adult population. However, there are no studies on this therapy in children and adolescents. The virtual reality system known as "EMMA’S WORLD” had been used in the adult population and based on this, the GUIIA-PC research team carried out the first adaptation in 2008 of this system called "EMMA-Child" In children who had suffered chronic intra-family maltreatment. The present work aims to present the first experiences in the application of EMMA-Child in 8 children, highlighting, on the one hand, the advantages over traditional treatment as well as the scores before and after treatment in symptoms of anxiety, depression, anger and hostility, adaptation, and post-traumatic stress
Over the last decade Child Maltreatment has come to be considered a public health problem. Numerous studies analyzing its direct effects on children's mental health report a high prevalence in internalizing and externalizing disorders as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive Behavioral-Trauma Focused Therapy is the only one which has been considered well established, effective treatment in the child-juvenile population. The technique of prolonged exposure is considered of choice for the treatment ofPTSD, although many patients present difficulties in carrying it out. Virtual reality has become an alternative that facilitates the technique of exposure. Several systematic reviews have recently been published that endorse the efficacy of Virtual Reality Exposure Based Therapy (VR-EBT) for the treatment of PTSD in the adult population. However, there are no studies on this therapy in children and adolescents. The virtual reality system known as "EMMA’S WORLD” had been used in the adult population and based on this, the GUIIA-PC research team carried out the first adaptation in 2008 of this system called "EMMA-Child" In children who had suffered chronic intra-family maltreatment. The present work aims to present the first experiences in the application of EMMA-Child in 8 children, highlighting, on the one hand, the advantages over traditional treatment as well as the scores before and after treatment in symptoms of anxiety, depression, anger and hostility, adaptation, and post-traumatic stress
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Citation
Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes Vol. 4. Nº. 3 - Septiembre 2017 - pp 26-34
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