Publication: Effects of irradiation on intestinal cells in vivo and in vitro
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Date
2002
Authors
Wróblewski, R. ; Wróblewski, J. ; Jalnäs, M. ; Van Decker, G. ; Björk, J. ; Roomans, G.M.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The effects of irradiation on intestinal
epithelial cells were analyzed in vivo and in vitro. The in
vivo study was carried out on the rat small intestine and
for the in vitro study the intestinal crypt cell-line IEC-6
was used. Rat intestine and IEC-6 cells were irradiated
with X-ray doses ranging between 1-16 Gy. Energ y -
dispersive X-ray microanalysis was used for detection of
the elemental changes in the cells. Cell morphology was
investigated in the scanning electron microscope, DNAsynthesis
by autoradiography of 3H - t h y m i d i n e
incorporating nuclei and proliferation by cell counting.
Our results indicate that in vivo, in the crypt cells, the
increasing doses of irradiation led to increased sodium
and lowered potassium and phosphorus concentrations.
Corresponding ion shifts were found in the irradiated
IEC-6 cells. Cells continued to proliferate up to the dose
of 8 Gy, although the proliferation rate became lower
with increasing dose of irradiation. The increasing dose
of irradiation significantly reduced DNA-synthesis (16
Gy decreased DNA-synthesis by 50%) which resulted in
a complete inhibition of cell proliferation. Analysis of
goblet cells also showed characteristic radiationdependent
elemental changes. Scanning electron
microscopical investigation of cells in culture revealed
that most of the control cells were flat and had rather
smooth cell membranes. Irradiation led to the
appearance of numerous different membrane
manifestations (microvilli of varying length and
distribution, and blebs). Frequency of differences in the
topology of the cells was related to the dose of
irradiation. Our study clearly demonstrates that even low
doses of irradiation cause changes in the ionic
composition of the cells and inhibit DNA-synthesis and
cell proliferation. The effects observed in the crypt cells
in vivo were the same as in the intestinal cell line i n
v i t ro, which indicates that IEC-6 cells can be used for
investigation of side effects of radiation to the abdomen.
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