Publication: Los gremios de Madrid durante la Edad Moderna : una revisión
Authors
Nieto Sánchez, José Antolín ; Zofío Llorente, Juan Carlos
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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Abstract
Este artículo se propone calibrar el comportamiento de los
gremios artesanos de Madrid a la luz de las últimas investigaciones continentales. En una primera parte se desmontan
ciertos tópicos sobre los gremios como el esquematismo de
su organización productiva, la persecución de un ideal mesocrático o la excesiva importancia concedida a la normativa.
En la segunda parte se cuestiona la endogamia profesional
como fórmula universal de los oficios para enfrentarse al cambio histórico. Para ello ha sido fundamental la recopilación de
información procedente de las cartas de aprendizaje (más de
2.600) y examen (casi 10.000) de los siglos XVII y XVIII. Gracias
al contraste de estos datos con los procedentes de las ordenanzas gremiales o los emanados de la tributación, hemos podido ofrecer una imagen más rica y dinámica de la economía
urbana, muy alejada del parasitismo al que había quedado relegado la ciudad que albergaba la Corte española.
This paper analyses the behaviour of Madrid artisan guilds in the early modern period, taking into account the latest continental findings in this field. The first part of this paper is devoted to debunk some clichés commonly held about the guild system, such as their schematic production organization, their aspiration to a middling social position and their excessive attachment to ordinances. In the second part, we question the alleged professional inbreeding of trade guilds as a universal formula to face up historical change. To this purpose, we have gathered evidence from over 2,600 indenture contracts together with nearly 10,000 mastership charts of the 17th and 18th centuries. Contrasting these data with guild regulations and tax rolls, a rich and a dynamic view of urban economics is provided, quite far from the parasitical role attributed by former historiography to the capital of the Spanish monarchy.
This paper analyses the behaviour of Madrid artisan guilds in the early modern period, taking into account the latest continental findings in this field. The first part of this paper is devoted to debunk some clichés commonly held about the guild system, such as their schematic production organization, their aspiration to a middling social position and their excessive attachment to ordinances. In the second part, we question the alleged professional inbreeding of trade guilds as a universal formula to face up historical change. To this purpose, we have gathered evidence from over 2,600 indenture contracts together with nearly 10,000 mastership charts of the 17th and 18th centuries. Contrasting these data with guild regulations and tax rolls, a rich and a dynamic view of urban economics is provided, quite far from the parasitical role attributed by former historiography to the capital of the Spanish monarchy.
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