Publication: Melatonin and cannabinoids: mitochondrial-targeted molecules that may reduce inflammaging in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors
García, Sebastián ; Martín Giménez, Virna Margarita ; Mocayar Marón, Feres José ; Reiter, Russel J. ; Manucha, Walter
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-212
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Generally, the development and progression
of neurodegenerative diseases are associated with
advancing age, so they are usually diagnosed in late
adulthood. A primary mechanism underlying the onset
of neurodegenerative diseases is neuroinflammation.
Based on this background, the concept of
"neuroinflammaging" has emerged. In this deregulated
neuroinflammatory process, a variety of immune cells
participate, especially glial cells, proinflammatory
cytokines, receptors, and subcellular organelles
including mitochondria, which are mainly responsible
for maintaining redox balance at the cellular level.
Senescence and autophagic processes also play a crucial
role in the neuroinflammatory disease associated with
aging. Of particular interest, melatonin, cannabinoids,
and the receptors of both molecules which are closely
related, exert beneficial effects on the neuro-
inflammatory processes that precede the onset of
neurodegenerative pathologies such as Parkinson's and
Alzheimer's diseases. Some of these neuroprotective
effects are fundamentally related to its anti-
inflammatory and antioxidative actions at the
mitochondrial level due to the strategic functions of this
organelle. The aim of this review is to summarize the
most recent advances in the study of neuroinflammation
and neurodegeneration associated with age and to
consider the use of new mitochondrial therapeutic
targets related to the endocannabinoid system and the
pineal gland.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology Vol. 35, nº8 (2020)
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