Publication: Morphofunctional basis of the different types of angiogenesis and formation of postnatal angiogenesis-related secondary structures
Authors
Díaz Flores, L. ; Gutierrez, R. ; García Suárez, M.P. ; Sáez, F.J. ; Gutiérrez, E. ; Valladares, F. ; Carrascosa, J.L. ; Díaz Flores Jr, L. ; Madrid Cuevas, Juan Francisco
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-923
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
We review the morpho-functional basis of
the different types of angiogenesis and report our
observations, including the formation of angiogenesisrelated secondary structures. First of all, we consider the
following issues: a) conceptual differences between
angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, b) incidence of
angiogenesis in pre- and postnatal life, c) regions of
vascular tree with angiogenic capacity, d) cells
(endothelial cells, pericytes, CD34+ adventitial stromal
cells of the microvasculature and inflammatory cells)
and extracellular matrix components involved in
angiogenesis, e) events associated with angiogenesis, f)
different types of angiogenesis, including sprouting and
intussusceptive angiogenesis, and other angiogenic or
vascularization forms arising from endothelial precursor
cells (postnatal vasculogenesis), vasculogenesis
mimicry, vessel co-option and piecemeal angiogenesis.
Subsequently, we consider the specific morphofunctional characteristics of each type of angiogenesis.
In sprouting angiogenesis, we grouped the events in
three phases: a) activation phase, which includes
vasodilation and increased permeability, EC, pericyte
and CD34+ adventitial stromal cell activation, and
recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, b)sprouting phase, encompassing EC migration (concept
and characteristics of endothelial tip cells, tip cell
selection, lateral inhibition, localized filopodia
formation, basal lamina degradation and extracellular
changes facilitating EC migration), EC proliferation
(concept of endothelial stalk cells), pericyte
mobilization, proliferation, recruitment and changes in
CD34+ adventitial stromal cells and inflammatory cells,
tubulogenesis, formation of a new basal lamina, and
vascular anastomosis with capillary loop formation, and
c) vascular remodelling and stabilization phase (concept
of phalanx cells). Subsequently, the concept, incidence,
events and mechanisms are considered in the other forms
of angiogenesis. Finally, we contribute the formation of
postnatal angiogenesis-related secondary structures: a)
intravascular structures through piecemeal angiogenesis,
including intravascular papillae in vessel tumours and
pseudotumours (intravascular papillary endothelial
hyperplasia, vascular transformation of the sinus in
lymph nodes, papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma or Dabska tumour, retiform hemangioendothelioma, hemangiosarcoma and lymphangiosarcoma), vascular septa in hemorrhoidal veins and
intravascular projections in some tumours; b) arterial
intimal thickening; c) intravascular tumours and
pseudotumours (e.g. intravenous pyogenic granulomas
and intravascular myopericytoma); d) vascular
glomeruloid proliferations; and e) pseudopalisading
necrosis in glioblastoma multiform.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, Vol.32, nº12, (2017)
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