Publication: Astrocyte phenotypes: Emphasis on
potential markers in neuroinflammation
Authors
Bozic, Iva ; Savic, Danijela ; Lavrnja, Irena
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-284
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in
the central nervous system (CNS), have numerous
integral roles in all CNS functions. They are essential for
synaptic transmission and support neurons by providing
metabolic substrates, secreting growth factors and
regulating extracellular concentrations of ions and
neurotransmitters. Astrocytes respond to CNS insults
through reactive astrogliosis, in which they go through
many functional and molecular changes. In
neuroinflammatory conditions reactive astrocytes exert
both beneficial and detrimental functions, depending on
the context and heterogeneity of astrocytic populations.
In this review we profile astrocytic diversity in the
context of neuroinflammation; with a specific focus on
multiple sclerosis (MS) and its best-described animal
model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
(EAE). We characterize two main subtypes,
protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes and describe the role
of intermediate filaments in the physiology and
pathology of these cells. Additionally, we outline a
variety of markers that are emerging as important in
investigating astrocytic biology in both physiological
conditions and neuroinflammation.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology Vol. 36, nº3 (2021)
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Este Ãtem está sujeto a una licencia Creative Commons. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/