Publication: The phylogenetic odyssey of the erythrocyte. III. Fish, the lower vertebrate experience
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Date
1992
Authors
Glomski, Chester A. ; Tamburlin, Judith ; Chainani, Meena
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The piscine erythrocyte can be considered
the prototype of the red cells that are distributed among
inframmalian vertebrates. It is a permanently nucleated,
hemoglobin-ladened, oval, flattened, biconvex disc.
Ultrastructurally it demonstrates a cytoskeleton
comprised of a marginal band and a membrane skeleton
which are responsible for the erythrocyte's conversion to
an ellipsoid during morphogenesis and endow it with
resilience to physical trauma. Erythropoiesis initiates in
the yolk sac, followed in many fishes, by the
intermediate cell mass. These sites are the sources of the
transitory, primitive generation red cells which
apparently make their first phylogenetic appearance in
fishes and which are subsequently represented in al1
classes of vertebrates including mammals. Production of
definitive generation erythrocytes is centered in
evolutionary «pre-splenic» tissue of the gastrointestinal
tract or in the spleen in cyclostomes, dipnoi, and
chondrichthyes while in teleosts it is typically located in
the kidneys with or without splenic participation. The
blood is a major site of erythrocyte maturation in the
lower fishes and exhibits significant numbers of
immature erythroid cells plus occasional mitotic figures.
Some teleosts also circulate developing erythroid cells.
Certain fishes have occasional circulating
erythroplastids, conceptually a portent of phylogenetic
changes in higher vertebrates. Remarkably, some
bristlemouths have denucleated erythrocytes exclusively
in the circulation. The largest piscine erythrocytes are
found in the dipnoi, myxines, and chondrichthyes.
Primitive fish with the exception of the endothermic
sharks tend to have lower hemoglobin concentrations
than the modern teleosteans. The very highest
hemoglobin concentrations are attained by the
endothermic scombrids. Erythrocyte-based data have a
broad extent and are variably affected by age, sex,
Offprint requests to: Chester A. Glomski, M.D., Ph. D., Department of
Anatomical Sciences, Schwl of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State
University of New York at Buffalo, Bufíalo, New Yo&, 14214 USA
season and environment. This report includes a
substantial selection of illustrations (fish species and rbc
micrographs).
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