Publication: Variedad en la calidad de la dieta en adultos españoles y mexicanos
Authors
Martínez-Bebia, Manuel ; Latorre, José Antonio ; Giménez-Blasi, Nuria ; Anaya-Loyola, Mirian Aracely ; López-Moro, Alejandro ; Jiménez-Monrea, Antonia María ; Olea-Serrano, Fátima ; Mariscal-Arcas, Miguel
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Publisher
Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.37527/2021.71.2.005
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
© 2021. The authors. This document is made available under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc /4.0/
This document is the published version of a published work that appeared in final form in Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición.
To access the final work, see DOI: https://doi.org/10.37527/2021.71.2.005
Abstract
Introducción: La pérdida de patrones de
alimentación tradicionales a favor de otros más occidentales redunda
en un descenso de calidad de la dieta alrededor del mundo. Muchos
aspectos determinan la calidad dietética, aunque en general pueden
resumirse en una dieta moderada, variada, equilibrada y adecuada
para cada individuo. Estos aspectos son evaluados por el Diet
Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Objetivo: Comparar la calidad
de la dieta de población mexicana y española mediante un índice
de calidad internacional de la dieta, determinando que factores son
en mayor medida responsables de la pérdida de calidad. Material
y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal sobre una muestra
representativa de sujetos adultos residentes en Querétaro (México)
y de sujetos de la misma franja de edad procedentes de la Región
de Murcia, en la cuenca mediterránea española. Se recogieron datos
sociodemográficos, antropométricos, de frecuencia de consumo de
alimentos y de ingesta con 3 recuerdos de 24 horas y se valoró el
DQI-I en la población. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias para
el gasto energético y el DQI-I en todos sus aspectos con valores
de calidad superiores para la población mexicana. La variedad fue
la dimensión más castigada para todos los sujetos, presentando los
mexicanos mejores cifras de consumo de vegetales pero peores para
las fuentes proteicas. Conclusiones: La muestra mexicana mejoró las
cifras de calidad de la española, tal vez por una mayor influencia de
conocimientos en nutrición. El 86% de la población podría mejorar
sus puntajes de calidad en el DQI-I ajustando sus frecuencias de
consumo de alimentos.
Introduction: The loss of traditional eating patterns in favour of more Western ones results in a decline in dietary quality around the world. Many aspects determine dietary quality, but in general they can be summarised as a moderate, varied, balanced diet suitable for each individual. These aspects are assessed by the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Objective: To compare the quality of the diet of the Mexican and Spanish populations using an international diet quality index, determining which factors are most responsible for the loss of quality. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study on a representative sample of adult subjects living in Querétaro (Mexico) and subjects of the same age group from the Region of Murcia, in the Spanish Mediterranean basin. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, food frequency consumption and intake data were collected with 3 24-hour recall and the DQI-I was assessed in the population. Results: Differences were found for energy expenditure and DQI-I in all aspects with higher quality values for the Mexican population. Variety was the most punished dimension for all subjects, with Mexicans presenting better figures for vegetable intake but worse for protein sources. Conclusions: The Mexican sample improved the quality figures of the Spanish sample, perhaps due to a greater influence of nutritional knowledge. Eighty-six percent of the population could improve their DQI-I q
Introduction: The loss of traditional eating patterns in favour of more Western ones results in a decline in dietary quality around the world. Many aspects determine dietary quality, but in general they can be summarised as a moderate, varied, balanced diet suitable for each individual. These aspects are assessed by the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Objective: To compare the quality of the diet of the Mexican and Spanish populations using an international diet quality index, determining which factors are most responsible for the loss of quality. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study on a representative sample of adult subjects living in Querétaro (Mexico) and subjects of the same age group from the Region of Murcia, in the Spanish Mediterranean basin. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, food frequency consumption and intake data were collected with 3 24-hour recall and the DQI-I was assessed in the population. Results: Differences were found for energy expenditure and DQI-I in all aspects with higher quality values for the Mexican population. Variety was the most punished dimension for all subjects, with Mexicans presenting better figures for vegetable intake but worse for protein sources. Conclusions: The Mexican sample improved the quality figures of the Spanish sample, perhaps due to a greater influence of nutritional knowledge. Eighty-six percent of the population could improve their DQI-I q
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Citation
Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición. Vol 71. nº2, 2021 pp.:127-137
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