Publication: The importance of vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rhinitis medicamentosa pathogenesis: An experimental rat model study
Authors
Cumbul, Alev ; Bulut, Fuat
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-399
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Objective. Our aim in this study is to reveal
the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
(VEGF) and inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in
the pathogenesis of rhinitis medicamentosa (RM), which
occurs as a result of the overdose and long-term use of
topical nasal decongestants.
Methods. In this study, 24 Wistar albino rats were
divided into two groups as experimental and control
groups. In the experimental group, 50 µl of 0.05%
oxymetazoline (iliadin® merck) was applied intranasally
to each nostril three times a day for 2 months with the
help of a micropipette. 50 µl saline was applied to the
control group. At the end of the second month, the rats
were examined. RM was detected in the experimental
group. Then the nasal tissues of the rats were removed
and fixed with 10% phosphate buffered neutral
formaldehyde (pH=7.4). Nasal tissues were decalcified
in Morse's solution (10% sodium citrate and 22.5%
formic acid). Histopathological evaluations of the
preparations were stained using Masson Trichrome
(TCM) and Hematoxylin Eosin (H&E) techniques and
immunohistochemical examinations of the preparations
were stained with VEGF and iNOS antibodies and
photographed using the Leica DM6000B microscope
and the Leica Application Suite Program.
Results. In the RM group, we found a significant
increase in VEGF and iNOS expression in the nasal
mucosa compared to the control group (p<0.001). We
also observed the main histopathological changes in the
nasal mucosa under a light microscope, including
squamous metaplasia in the epithelium of the tunica
mucosa, submucosal perivascular edema and
degeneration of the submucosal glands.
Conclusions. According to these results, increased
expression levels of VEGF and iNOS play an important
role in rebound swelling in RM pathogenesis.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology Vol. 37, nº3 (2022)
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