Publication: Extracellular vesicles would be involved in the release and delivery of seminal TGF-β isoforms in pigs
Authors
Padilla, Lorena ; Barranco, Isabel ; Parra, Ana ; Parrilla, Inmaculada ; Rodríguez Martínez, Heriberto ; Lucas, Xiomara ; Roca, Jordi ; Martínez Hernández, Jesús ; Pastor García, Luis Miguel
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Publisher
Frontiers Media
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1102049
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
© 2023 Padilla, Barranco, Martínez-Hernández, Parra, Parrilla, Pastor, Rodriguez-Martinez, Lucas and Roca. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Frontiers in Veterinary Science. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1102049
Abstract
Introduction: pig seminal plasma (SP) is rich in active forms of all three isoforms (1-3) of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), a chemokine modulatory of the immune environment in the female genital tract once semen is delivered during mating or artificial insemination (AI). The present study aimed to examine how TGF-βs are secreted by the epithelium of the male reproductive tract and how they are transported in semen, emphasizing the interplay with seminal extracellular vesicles (sEVs).
Methods: Source of TGF-βs was examined by immunohistochemistry in testis, epididymis, and accessory sex glands, by immunocytochemistry in ejaculated spermatozoa, and by Luminex xMAP® technology in SP and sEVs retrieved from healthy, fertile male pigs used as breeders in AI programs. Results: All three TGF-β isoforms were expressed in all reproductive tissues explored and would be released into ductal lumen either in soluble form or associated with sEVs. Ejaculated spermatozoa expressed all three TGF-β isoforms, both inside and outside, probably the outer one associated with membrane-bound sEVs. The results confirmed that pig SP contains all three TGF-β isoforms and demonstrated that a
substantial portion of them is associated with sEVs. Discussion: Seminal EVs would be involved in the cellular secretion of the active forms of seminal TGF-β isoforms and in their safe transport from the male to the
female reproductive tract.
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Citation
Front. Vet. Sci. 10:1102049
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