Publication: Transcription factors in brain injury
Authors
Pennypacker, K.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
After brain injury, neuronal genes are
regulated to adjust to an altered environment; however, if
neurons are damaged then genes related apoptosis are
activated. Glial cells, astrocytes and microglia, respond
to neuronal death by transcribing genes to enhance the
survival of remaining neurons and for regeneration and
repair. AP-1 transcription factors are induced in the
neuronal response to injury. Depending on the AP-1
dimer combination, neuronal genes related to either
apoptosis or survival are transcribed. A 35 kDa Fosrelated
antigen:JunD dimer is present in neurons that
survive injury. Jun and JunD exists in neurons prior to
undergoing apoptosis. Neuronal death activates gene
expression in astrocytes and microglia. NFkB
transcription factors are induced in astrocytes reacting to
neuronal injury. In the microglial response, STATs
appear to be activated to regulate gene transcription.
These transcription factors that modulate the genes
involved in the cellular processes of brain injury are
examined in this review.
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