Publication: La responsabilidad anticipada: crónica y evolución dogmática de la Actio Libera in Causa
Authors
Martínez Rivas, Francisco
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Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Derecho
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Publisher
Universidad de Almería
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.25115/ridj.vi36.11436
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
La actio libera in causa es un concepto legal que se utiliza en algunos sistemas jurídicos para referirse a la responsabilidad penal de una persona por las consecuencias de sus acciones, incluso si esa persona estaba en un estado de inconsciencia o falta de control en el momento en que se cometió el delito. En cada uno de estos casos, el principio de actio libera in causa ha sido utilizado para responsabilizar a la persona de las consecuencias de sus acciones.
En el presente artículo se tratará de analizar la evolución de la Institución a la actualidad. Hoy día, vienen a conformarse dos diferentes explicaciones de la figura actio libera in causa. La primera referida al denominado “modelo de excepción”. Y la segunda la que tiene que ver con el “modelo de la acción típica”, también llamado “modelo del tipo”. Sin embargo, en la doctrina penal no existe un claro consenso acerca de los supuestos que tienen su encaje en la actio libera in causa dolosa y cuáles en la imprudente, y sobre todo en la postura acerca de los supuestos que no tienen cabida en esta institución en general. Ello ha supuesto, sin duda, una postura nómada de la jurisprudencia al respecto. --------
Actio libera in causa’ is a legal concept used in some legal systems to refer to the criminal liability of a person for the consequences of his or her actions, even if that person was in a state of unconsciousness or lack of control at the time the crime was committed. In each of these cases, the principle of ‘actio libera in causa’ has been used to hold the person responsible for the consequences of his or her actions. This article will try to analyse the evolution of the institution to the present day. Nowadays, two different explanations of the figure actio libera in causa come into being. The first refers to the so-called ‘exception model’. The second is the ‘model of the typical action’, also known as the ‘model of the type’. However, in criminal doctrine there is no clear consensus on which cases fit into the actio libera in causa intentional and which into the negligent, and above all on the position regarding the cases that do not fit into this institution in general. This has undoubtedly led to a nomadic position of the case law in this respect.
Actio libera in causa’ is a legal concept used in some legal systems to refer to the criminal liability of a person for the consequences of his or her actions, even if that person was in a state of unconsciousness or lack of control at the time the crime was committed. In each of these cases, the principle of ‘actio libera in causa’ has been used to hold the person responsible for the consequences of his or her actions. This article will try to analyse the evolution of the institution to the present day. Nowadays, two different explanations of the figure actio libera in causa come into being. The first refers to the so-called ‘exception model’. The second is the ‘model of the typical action’, also known as the ‘model of the type’. However, in criminal doctrine there is no clear consensus on which cases fit into the actio libera in causa intentional and which into the negligent, and above all on the position regarding the cases that do not fit into this institution in general. This has undoubtedly led to a nomadic position of the case law in this respect.
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Citation
Revista Internacional de Doctrina y Jurisprudencia, 2026, Vol. 36, pp. 1-29
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