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Zamora Medina, Rocío

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Zamora Medina, Rocío
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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Comunicación
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    Nuevos escenarios para la conversación política: el uso de WhatsApp por parte de los partidos durante la campaña electoral de abril de 2019 en España
    (Universidad de La Sabana, Colombia, 2021-03-23) Zamora Medina, Rocío; Losada Díaz, José Carlos; Información y Documentación
    The democratization of technology has allowed citizens and political parties to find new avenues for dialogue and social debate. Actually, political leaders “have begun to govern with their mobiles.” Among the multiple options for dialogue, instant messaging applications, such as WhatsApp, have grown firm as a standard tool for parties’ and candidates’ communication strategies. Nonetheless, there is no theoretical approach from academic research that helps to understand this phenomenon. Consequently, this research attempts to scientifically analyze how political parties in Spain employed these tools during the campaign for the general elections in April 2019. Building on previous studies related to the use of this microblogging in electoral contexts in Brazil, India, or Nigeria, this pioneering empirical study focuses on the first “WhatsApp election” in Spain due to its role as a leading social network with over 25 million users. This research’s core lies in the qualitative analysis of all the content created on WhatsApp by the five major political parties (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, Partido Popular, Vox, Ciudadanos, and Unidas Podemos) that participated in these elections. This empirical and comparative research addresses specific categories, such as activity level, content type, links to other social media, the primary purpose of the content, fake and harmful content, and interaction level. Results showed a different use of this tool by Spanish political parties, with traditional parties showing the highest level of activity. Furthermore, although audiovisual content was a frequent resource, the Spanish campaign was not marked by an aggressive dissemination of false content. ----------
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    El discurso del odio en Instagram durante las Elecciones Generales 2019 en España
    (Universidad de Alicante, 2021-07-01) Losada Díaz, José Carlos; Zamora Medina, Rocío; Martínez Martínez, Helena; Información y Documentación
    This work analyses the presence and management of “hate speech” on Instagram within the political debate. The aim was to classify, quantify and analyse different forms of hate expression on this social network platform, based on a study of comments to the official Instagram accounts of the main candidates and political parties standing in the Spanish General Election in April 2019. The research included a quantitative methodology based on content analysis of a sample of 423 comments received on both candidates’ and political parties’ Instagram profiles. The results show the low incidence of hate speech on this social network (3.8% of the total) with interesting differences with regard to its objective - higher among candidates than in political parties – and nuanced by ideological reasons. Moreover, a minimal management of hate speech comments was observed by candidates and political parties.
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    A taxonomy design for mobile applications in the Spanish political communication context
    (Oxbridge Publishing House, 2020-06-15) Zamora Medina, Rocío; Losada Díaz, José Carlos; Vázquez Sande, Pablo; Información y Documentación
    The new mobile ecosystem that now defines the so-called mobile society and the mobile culture is already a key territory for contemporary political communication. Within this culture, mobile applications have become a common ground for the meeting between organisations and citizens interested in participating in political matters through the direct experience that these platforms allow. Despite this development, it is difficult to find a complete and reliable taxonomy of apps in the academic or professional literature that analyses how these relationships impact the field of political communication. This study tries to address this gap, introducing the first systematic taxonomy of political communication apps in Spain based on the development of a self-produced taxonomical model that gathers in detail all the variables required to understand the nature of these applications that are available for any smartphone. This rigorous taxonomy comprises political communication applications available at the main app stores (about 316 found in Play Store and App Store). Specifically, the methodological classification was elaborated based on the following categories: promoter agent, app objective, level of interaction, level of autonomy and predominant tone. A very complete picture was obtained from the empirical analysis, which defines and explains the landscape of political communication applications for mobile devices in Spain.
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