Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores

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Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores

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Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores

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Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas

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Open Access
Long-term effects of a short juvenile feeding period with diets enriched with the microalgae nannochloropsis gaditana on the subsequent body and muscle growth of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L.
(MDPI, 2023-01-30) Balsalobre, Noemí; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafat, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
Currently, microalgae are used in fish diets, but their long-term growth effect is unknown. In this experiment, juvenile seabream specimens were fed with microalgae-enriched diets for three months, and then transferred to a microalgae-free diet for 10 months to assess long-term effects up to commercial size (≈ 27 cm and ≈ 300 g). The juvenile diets contained Nannochloropsis gaditana at 2.5 or 5% inclusion levels, either raw (R2.5 and R5 groups) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 groups). The body length and weight were measured in 75 fish group-1 at commercial stage. The size, number, and fibrillar density of white muscle fibers and the white muscle transverse area were measured in nine fish group-1 at commercial stage. The results showed the highest body weight in H5 at commercial stage. The white muscle transverse area and the white fibres hyperplasia and density also showed the highest values in H5, followed by H2.5. In contrast, the highest hypertrophy was observed in C and R2.5, being associated with the lowest muscle growth in both groups. These results showed a microalgae concentration-dependent effect in hydrolyzed diets as well as an advantageous effect of the hydrolyzed versus raw diets on the long-term growth of Sparus aurata.
Open Access
Pilot study of the influence of equine assisted therapy on physiological and behavioral parameters related to welfare of horses and patients.
(MDPI, 2021-12-10) Carrillo, Andrea; Iniesta, Pilar; Ferrer, Pedro; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
Different welfare indicators were studied in three patients with psychomotor alterations and in two horses throughout 9–10 equine assisted therapy sessions in each patient. In horses, heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, temperature and behavioral signs were studied. In patients, heart rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, sleep quality, psychomotor and emotional parameters were analyzed. Data collection was recorded in the anticipatory phase (15 min before the start of the session), two interaction phases (after 30 min of horse-patient interaction on the ground and on horseback, respectively) and the recovery phase (15 min after the end of the session). During the anticipatory phase, most of physiological parameters of patients and horses and the stress behavioral signs of horses increased, followed by a relaxing phase during the horse-patient interaction on the ground. In horse-patient riding phase the heart and respiratory rates of the horses again increased. These results showed that the horses did not seem to suffer stress attributable to the therapy sessions, but only an increase in their parameters associated with activity and external stimuli. The patients improved their gross and fine motor skills, their cognitive and perceptual-sensitive parameters and it led to an improvement in the life quality of their families.
Open Access
Anatomical and three-dimensional study of the female feline abdominal and pelvic vascular system using dissections, computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography
(MDPI, 2023-12-14) Rojo Ríos, Daniel; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, David; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; García García, María I.; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gil Cano, Francisco; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas; Facultad de Veterinaria
This study describes the anatomical characteristics of the abdominal and pelvic vascular system of two healthy mature female cats via three-dimensional contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography, non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and three-dimensional printing. Volume-rendering computed tomography angiography images were acquired from the ventral aspect using RadiAnt, Amira and OsiriX MD Dicom three-dimensional formats, and three-dimensional printing was obtained and compared with the corresponding computed tomography angiography images. Non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography was made us ing the time-of-flight imaging in ventral, oblique and lateral views. In addition, three cadavers with colored latex injection were dissected to facilitate the identification of the vascular structures. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed the main vascular structures, whereas with the time-of-flight blood appeared with a high signal intensity compared with associated abdominal and pelvic tissues. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography images and time-of-flight sequences provided adequate anatomical details of the main arteries and veins that could be used for future feline anatomical and clinical vascular studies of the abdomen and pelvis
Open Access
Anatomía veterinaria: experiencia metodológica en el marco del espacio europeo de educación superior
(Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2008) Vázquez Autón, José María; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gil Cano, Francisco; Latorre Reviriego, Rafael Manuel; López Albors, Octavio Miguel; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Facultad de Veterinaria
Open Access
A neuroanatomical study of the feline brain using MRI and mulligan staining: functional and pathological considerations
(2021) Diaz Martínez, E.; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Arencibia Espinosa, A.; Soler Laguía, Marta; Kilroy, D.; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada; Facultad de Veterinaria
Background: Despite multiple studies describing accurate diagnoses using advanced neuroimaging techniques, low and mid-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are still the most frequent scanners in veterinary clinics. To date, these studies in cats do not show a clear distinction of nerve centres in MRI data. Aims: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of Mulligan histological staining as a tool in facilitating the location and identification of the main structures of the feline brain in MRI. This study aims to facilitate the interpretation of MRI obtained with these types of scanners. Methods: A total of 10 feline brains were used. One specimen was used for MRI (T2 sequence using a 1.5T scanner). The other 9 brains were sectioned and stained with the three Mulligan staining techniques (Mulligan, Le Masurier and Robert). Results: The uptake of stain by the grey matter in these sections allowed the determination of the location and the limits of these nervous structures within the brain. The histological location of these structures was correlated with the MRI scans, leading to the successful identification of many small, indistinct nuclei. Conclusion: Mulligan staining is proposed as a tool that facilitates the location of nerve structures in comparison with data from the most frequently-used MRI scanners in veterinary clinics.
Open Access
Influence of the stocking density on the growth, feeding, survival rate and muscle cellularity of juvenile specimens of common name shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa L.
(Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), 2020-01-19) Molera, Ángela; García Alcázar, Alicia; Arizcun, Marta; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
Common name Umbrina cirrosa specimens (mean weight 9.5 g, mean length 9 cm) were categorized in three densities (4, 9 and 15 kg m-3) in order to study the influence of stocking density on the growth, survival rate and feed conversion rates. The body and muscle parameters were studied at 0, 43 and 84 days of the experiment. After 43 days, the highest body parameters values (body length and weight) were found in specimens reared at 9 kg m-3, followed by the specimens reared at 4 kg m-3, showing the specimens reared at 15 kg m-3 the lowest growth. These results showed a negative effect of high density on the growth, being the intermediate density (9 kg m-3) the most favorable density for the growth at this stage. Muscle cellularity was different among the groups, being the hypertrophy values higher at high density of rearing (15 kg m-3) than at 4 and 9 kg m-3. In contrast, the hyperplasia was higher at 4 kg m-3 than in the rest of densities. The group reared at 9 kg m-3 showed intermediate values of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. At 84 days of the experiment, the muscle cellularity was similar at 4 and 9 kg m-3, this indicating a compensatory hypertrophic growth at 4 kg m- 3. The highest values of body weight were reached at 9 kg m-3. Moreover, the feed conversion rates and the percentage of survival rate were better at 9 than at 4 kg m-3
Open Access
Veterinary Students’ Assessment of 3D Anatomical Prints as New Teaching Material in Practical Veterinary Anatomy Classes
(MDPI, 2025-03-12) Díaz Martínez, Elena; Arencibia Espinosa, Alberto; Soler Laguía, Marta; Rojo Ríoz, Daniel; Ortuño Lorente, Ainara; Leotte Sánchez, María; Ceballos Francisco, Diana; García García, María Inmaculada; Kilroy, David; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gil Cano, Francisco; Martínez Gomariz, Francisco; Ramírez Zarzosa, Gregorio José; Sánchez Collado, Cayetano; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
Open Access
Influence of the myotome zone and of the sex on the muscle cellularity and on the fillet texture of diploid and triploid turbots Scophthalmus maximus L.
(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 2020-06-15) Hernández Urcera, Jorge; Martínez Graciá, María Carmen; Cal, Rosa; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; López Albors, Octavio Miguel; Santaella-Pascual, Marina; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
The muscle and textural parameters were analyzed in four myotome zones (epaxial upper, hipoaxial upper, epaxial bottom, and hipoaxial bottom) in seven diploids (D) and seven triploids (T) turbot specimens. Diploid specimens showed the highest values of the size and number of white fibers in the epaxial zones, being such values higher in female than male specimens. In triploid specimens, the highest fibers sizes were found in the upper zones (epaxial and hipoaxial), whereas the lowest number and density of fibers were found in the epaxial upper zone. In this latter group (T), the lowest fibers sizes were found in female specimens, whereas the rest of the parameters were usually higher in female than male specimens. When comparing both groups, the hypertrophy was higher in T than D in all zones. In both ploidy groups, the highest textural values were usually observed in the upper epaxial fillet, being slightly higher in female than male specimens. The values of standard length, total weight, gonad weight, gonadosomatic index and gutted weight were higher in female than male specimens in both groups (D and T).
Open Access
Posthatch development of the axial musculature of the common dentex Dentex dentex, L (Teleostei)
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Arizcun Arizcun, Marta; Abellán, E.; Blanco, A.; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Latorre Reviriego, Rafael Manuel; López Albors, Octavio Miguel; Pastor García, Luis Miguel
The common dentex is a promising candidate for Mediterranean aquaculture. The present work is aimed at describing the development of the axial musculature from hatching to postlarval life. Transmission electron microscopy, histochemical (NADH-TR and mATPase) and immunohistochemical techniques (S-58 and TUNEL) have been used. At hatching superficial red and deep white muscles can be distinguished. Presumptive dermomyotome (external) cells are initially located over the superficial red muscle but shortly (2 days) tend to concentrate towards the epaxial and hipaxial limits of the myotome. Then, these cells enter the myotome and spread around and within the white muscle thus being apparently responsible for the stratified hyperplasia of the myotome. Mosaic hyperplasia is activated during the second half of the larval period and initially relies on differentiation of a population of atypical premyoblastic cells (APC). APC are mononuclear cells with euchromatic nuclei, cytoplasms full of thin longitudinally projected tubules, occasional mitochondria and scattered ribosomes. By the end of the larval period these cells tend to disappear, partly due to apoptosis, but postlarval mosaic hyperplasia continues by differentiation of presumptive myosatellite cells. APC are an unexpected and singular finding of this study which deserves more research, so as to further characterize their ancestry, developmental programme and fate. In addition to the white and superficial red muscle fibres, intermediate (pink) and tonic fibres appear during larval metamorphosis. Later, during the early postlarval life, a new type of slow twitch red muscle fibre is differentiated (red adult type).
Open Access
Distribución fibrilar de la musculatura en lubina, dicentrarchus labrax (linnaeus, 1758) salvaje y cultivada de tamaño comercial: estudio por sectores
(Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2004) Abdel, I.; García Alcázar, Alicia; Abellán, E.; Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gil Cano, Francisco; López Albors, Octavio Miguel; Facultad de Veterinaria