Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles

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Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles

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Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología

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Open Access
Serum proteinogram of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) as a new useful approach for detecting loss of haemostasis
Campos-Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
Open Access
Effect of dietary fenugreek seeds on the antioxidant status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)
(Springer, 2024-10-17) Jiménez Monreal, Antonia María; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Murcia Tomás, María Antonia; Ceballos Francisco, Diana; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; MartÍnez Tomé, Magdalena; Tecnología de Los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología
The goal of this work was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with fenugreek seeds on the oxidative status of gilthead seabream. Fish were fed four different diets for 8 weeks: three groups of fish were fed diets containing 1%, 5% or 10% (w/w) fenugreek seeds, while the control group was fed a diet without fenugreek. At the end of the experiment, the expression gene of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase) was measured in the fish liver. Supplementation with fenugreek seeds at 10% significantly increased the growth of fish while different effects on gene expression were detected. An increase in H2O2 and OH⋅ scavenging ability and oxidative stability was observed in fish fed fenugreek-supplemented diets. In the present study, an 8-week supplementation of the diet of gilthead seabream specimens with fenugreek seeds resulted in an improvement of fish growth and antioxidant status (ROS scavenging, catalase and oil oxidative stability). These results afford a new perspective on the use of spices with medicinal properties as a supplement in fish feed in order to improve their growth and antioxidant status.
Open Access
Use of carrageenan in the screening of natural anti-inflammatory molecules in fish: in vitro effects of Chiliadenus glutinosus extracts
Campos-Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
Carrageenan, a high molecular weight sulphated polysaccharide, has been used in the screening of anti-inflammatory molecules in mammals. In this sense, Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr., an endemic species of plant has been reported in the Spanish popular medicine due to their anti-inflammatory properties in humans. However, their properties have poorly been studied in fish. In this assay, different concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg mL-1) of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of this plant were elaborated, and the antioxidant, bactericidal (against four marine fish pathogen) and cytotoxic activity, as well as several immunological parameters in head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs) of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were evaluated in a first experiment to determinate the extract with the best properties. Our results showed a dose-dependent antioxidant activity of each plant extract increasing with the concentration, a species- and extract-specific bactericidal activity, as well as a cytotoxic activity against the PLHC1 tumour cell line by the ethanolic and methanolic extracts. However, taking into account the cytotoxic effects of these two extracts on HKLs and the strong immunosuppressive effects on the immunological parameters assayed (peroxidase, respiratory burst activity and phagocytic capacity), a second experiment was developed by using only adjusted doses of the aqueous extract (0, 0.25 and 0.5 mg mL-1), in which immune parameters, cell morphology and inflammatory-related genes were studied in HKLs stimulated with λ-carrageenan. The present results offer a detailed view of the biological effects of C. glutinosus extracts, which could be interesting to the aquaculture sector due to their possible anti-inflammatory effects.
Open Access
Effects of dietary administration of fenugreek seeds on metabolic parameters and immune status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)
(2018) Bahi, Abir; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
Medical plants could be used as a prophylactic method in aquaculture because they are considered safe and so very promising alternatives to the use of chemicals. The aim of the present work was to examine the effects of dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds administered for 8 weeks on the metabolic and immune status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Four experimental groups were designated: one receiving a basal diet (control) and three fed powdered fenugreek seeds incorporated in the fish feed at 1 %, 5 % and 10 %. At the end of the feeding trial, significant decreases in aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, potassium and the albumin / globulin ratio were detected in the serum of fish fed 10% fenugreek compared with the values recorded in control fish. As regards the immune status, fish fed the supplemented diets had higher haemolytic complement and anti-protease activities than the control fish, the highest increase being observed in sera from fish fed the 5% diet. Interestingly, the results also revealed a significant enhancement of most of the cellular immune parameters studied, especially in fish fed the highest level of fenugreek (10 %). However, the bacteriostatic activity of serum against fish pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria was non-affected to any significant extent in fish fed the supplemented diets. Overall, the results suggest that the high level of dietary fenugreek tested in this work (10 %) did not negatively affect any of the metabolic parameters measured in serum but increased some of them. In addition, the inclusion of fenugreek seeds in the gilthead seabream diet at 5 % or 10 % improved the humoral and cellular immune activities, respectively. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of this natural product, which may be suitable for use as a feed additive in fish aquaculture.
Open Access
Cellular responses to electromagnetic fields and ultraviolet radiation: an in vitro study on microalgae and fish cell lines
(Elsevier, 2026) Ortiz García, María; Terrer Marcilla de Teruel Moctezuma, José María; García Gamuz, José Antonio; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Aboal Sanjurjo, Marina; Biología Celular e Histología; María Ángeles Esteban Abad; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Biología
Background The molecular effects involved in the cellular response to non-ioninzing electromagnetic radiation on marine and freshwater microalgae and fish cell lines are incompletely understood. Objectives The direct impact of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation on marine and freshwater microalgae and fish cell lines was investigated. Methods Six microalgae species from different taxonomic groups were exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) for five days. Four fish cell lines (SAF-1, DLB-1, DLEC, and Fugu eye) were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, with SAF-1 demonstrating the highest sensitivity. In addition, three commercial antioxidants (2101, 3600, and 4004) were tested for their possible radioprotective effects. Results Although no statistically significant differences in cell density were observed, certain taxa (Chlorotylium sp., Mayamea sp., and Scenedesmus sp.) exhibited a declining trend compared to the controls, suggesting species-specific sensitivity to ELF-EMF. Principal component analysis revealed significant differences in physiological responses, particularly in photosynthetic variables such as electron transport rate and dissolved carbon. The total antioxidant capacity did not differ significantly between the control and exposed microalgae, and Chlorotylium sp. showed the highest basal levels. The photosystem II productivity index remained largely unaffected by ELF-EMF exposure, except for an increase in irradiated Scenedesmus sp. Low antioxidant concentrations (≤125 µg/ml) and short incubation times (6 h) of 2101 and 3600 induced proliferation or increased cell viability, particularly under irradiation. However, prolonged incubation time (24 h) or high antioxidant concentrations (≥250 µg/ml) resulted in significant cytotoxicity in all cell lines.
Open Access
In vitro effects of Origanum vulgare leaf extracts on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) leucocytes, cytotoxic, bactericidal and antioxidant activities
(2018) García Beltrán, José María; Espinosa Ruíz, Cristóbal; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
Origanum vulgare is a well-known medicinal plant that has been used since ancient times as an additive in foods and cosmetic preparations. The possible application of O. vulgare extracts in fish was assessed by using gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) as a marine fish model due to its importance in aquaculture. The in vitro effects of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of O. vulgare were tested in order to observe any immunostimulant, cytotoxic, bactericidal or antioxidant properties. The results showed that medium or high concentration of aqueous extracts and low concentrations of ethanolic extract, increased head kidney leucocyte activities as well as the number of SAF-1 cells. However, moderate to high concentrations of ethanolic extracts decreased both leucocyte activities and the number of viable SAF-1 cells, suggesting some possible toxic effect towards them. Only the highest concentration of the aqueous extract and medium to high concentrations of the ethanolic extracts showed cytotoxic activity against the tumor PLHC-1 cell line. Bactericidal activity was only detected against Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum and Photobacterium damselae when using the highest concentration of aqueous extract and moderate to high concentrations of ethanolic extract. Finally, both plant extracts presented antioxidant activity particularly the aqueous extract. Overall, the results suggest that both extracts (when used at the appropriate concentration) have immunostimulant, cytotoxic, bactericidal and antioxidant properties, making O. vulgare an interesting candidate for incorporation as additive in functional diets for farmed fish.
Open Access
Similarities between the lipid profiles of skin and liver of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets with different lipid content
(Springer, ) Espinosa-Ruiz, Cristóbal; González-Silvera, Daniel; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Biología Celular e Histología
The specific fatty acid profile of fish can vary depending on species, age, diet and other factors. However, in general, fish are generally rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Liver, skin, meat and fish mucus can contain different levels and types of fatty acids. In fact, each of these tissues can provide valuable information about the fatty acid profile of the whole fish. In order to establish a non-invasive method to assess the lipid profile of fish tissues, twenty-four European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were fed two different diets [containing different PUFAs profiles] for 30 days. Samples of cutaneous mucus, skin, flesh and liver were then obtained and their fatty acid profile was analyzed by gas chromatography. Multidimensional scaling (MDS), SIMPER procedure (similarity percentages) and permutation test (PERMANOVA) were performed. The results indicate that there are similarities in the fatty lipid profile of skin and liver, as well as between skin and liver mucus. Relationships have been observed between the fatty acid compositions of the different fish tissues, in particular between liver and skin, where linoleic acid (18:2n-6) is the most significant, which would allow the skin to be used as a proxy to infer the hepatic lipid profile, without the need to sacrifice the animals
Restricted
Role of mucosal immune response and histopathological study in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) intraperitoneal challenged by Vibrio anguillarum or Tenacibaculum soleae
(Elsevier, 2021-05-18) Conforto, Enmanuelle; Vilchez Gómez, Luciano; Parrinello, Daniela; Giovanna,Parisi, María; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Cammarata, Matteo; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología; Facultad de Biología
The external mucus layer that covers fish skin contains numerous immune substances scarcely studied that act as the first line of defence against a broad spectrum of pathogens. This study aimed to characterize and describe for the first time several humoral immune defence parameters in the skin mucus of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) after intraperitoneal injection with Vibrio anguillarum or Tenacibaculum soleae. This study evaluated several immune-related enzymes and bactericidal activity against fish pathogenic bacteria in the skin mucus of European eels at 24, 48, and 72 h post-challenge. The results demonstrated that European eel skin mucus showed significant increments in peroxidase and lysozyme activity at 48 and 72 h after V. anguillarum challenge, compared to other experimental groups. In the case of antiprotease activity, an increase was observed at 24 h in the skin mucus of fish challenged with V. anguillarum compared to unchallenged fish, while this activity was undetected at 48 and 72 h. In contrast, protease activity had decreased at 48 and 72 h in the skin mucus of fish challenged with V. anguillarum compared to the unchallenged group. Regarding bactericidal activity, a high growth capacity of T. soleae was observed in the skin mucus of all experimental groups. Interestingly, the skin mucus from fish challenged with V. anguillarum exhibited increased bactericidal activity against this bacterium at 48 h, compared to unchallenged fish. Finally, severe histopathological alterations were observed in the gills and liver at the end of the trial (72 h), whereas the skin showed only an overspread presence of goblet cells in the challenged fish compared to unchallenged fish. The present results may give new insights into the mucosal immune system of this primitive species with potential applications in aquaculture.
Open Access
Esferoides y esferas líquidas. Cultivos celulares en 3D para mimetizar el ambiente de las células en el organismo
(Universidad de Murcia, 2015) Meseguer, José; Cuesta Peñafiel, Alberto; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Mulero Méndez, Victoriano Francisco; Sepulcre Cortés, María Pilar
Open Access
Chitosan-nanoparticles effects on mucosal immunity: a systematic review
(Elsevier, 2022-08-26) Collado-González, Mar; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Biología Celular e Histología
Nanoparticles-based treatments is of utmost importance for aquaculture. In this scenario, chitosan-based nanoparticles have been proposed due to the properties of chitosan, which include mucoadhesiveness. Nevertheless, pivotal parameters of chitosan, such as degree of acetylation and molecular weight, are commonly underestimated in the available literature despite the influence they seem to have on the properties of chitosan-based nanoparticles. In this systematic review, the immunomodulator capacity of chitosan nanoparticles used as mucosal vaccines on teleost fish has been evaluated paying special attention to the chitosan properties. Four databases were used for literature search, yielding 486 documents, from which 14 meet the inclusion criteria. Only 21% of the available studies reported properly chitosan properties, which should be improved in future works to generate reproducible data as well as valuable information. To the best of our knowledge, this work objectively compares for the first time, by quantifying the mg of chitosan/g of fish applied in each study, the chitosan nanoparticle preparation and doses applied to fish, as well as the effects of the treatments applied on fish immune status.