Nicolás Martínez, Catalina

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Nicolás Martínez, Catalina

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Nicolás Martínez, Catalina

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Economía Aplicada

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La brecha de género en el desarrollo del conocimiento en Iberoamérica
(Tirant Humanidades, 2023) Pérez-Cárceles, María Concepción; Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Open Access
Are cities decisive for life satisfaction? A structural equation model for the european population
(Springer, 2024-09-02) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Pérez‑Cárceles, María Concepción; Riquelme Perea, Prudencio José; Verde‑Martín, Carmen María; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
The growth of cities is an unstoppable phenomenon that began in the last century and will undoubtedly be one of the challenges of the current century. It is not only a question of urbanization; its implications and consequences extend to the economy, society, culture and the environment. The capacity of cities as engines of change and progress cannot be questioned, and its consequences will alter the lives of their citizens, who will search, in a more liquid world, for the best places to live. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of perception of urban quality (PUQ) and social trust and security (STS) on the life satisfaction (LS) of European citizens to find out if these variables are essential for the population living in Europe. The data were selected from the European Urban Audit survey, which covers 40,597 people living in 80 European cities. The analysis in this study is carried out at the city level. The partial least squares structural equation modelling approach was applied to verify the hypotheses. The findings reveal a positive correlation between PUQ and STS with LS, with STS being a mediator between PUQ and LS. These results underline that improving the perception of the urban environment can significantly increase well-being, contributing more than 70% to citizens' life satisfaction. This multidisciplinary analysis highlights the importance of considering various urban dimensions in planning and public policies to foster prosperous and satisfactory urban development.
Open Access
La concentración del empleo en el sector turístico de la región de Murcia (España)
(Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda., 2020-09-29) García Pina, César; Manzanares Gutiérrez, Ángel; Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Vários estudos revelam que as empresas estão estrategicamente localizadas para obter vantagens competitivas. Isso significa que existem, em determinados locais, concentrações de empresas com atividades relacionadas. Este artigo analisa o nível de concentração do emprego nas atividades económicas das empresas do setor turístico dos municípios e regiões da Região de Múrcia. Para isso, são utilizados os índices de concentração industrial de Ellison-Glaeser e Maurel-Sédillot. O principal resultado são os baixos níveis de concentração de empregos no setor de turismo.
Open Access
Entrepreneurship of people with disabilities in Spain: socioeconomic aspects
(Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, 2019-02-12) Martínez-León, Inocencia; Olmedo-Cifuentes, Isabel; Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
El emprendimiento es fundamental para conseguir una mayor inclusión social y laboral del colectivo de discapacitados. Este estudio tiene como principal objetivo profundizar en los aspectos socioeconómicos que influyen en el emprendimiento del individuo discapacitado. Tras un estudio cualitativo por medio de 15 entrevistas semiestructuradas, individualizadas y orales, los resultados muestran que este colectivo presenta una situación socioeconómica concreta que dificulta su emprendimiento y les diferencia del resto de individuos. Básicamente, emprenden por la necesidad de supervivencia, pues tienen menos ingresos y mayores gastos derivados de sus minusvalías, y por su necesidad de autorrealización. La disponibilidad de recursos financieros es normalmente inferior al resto de los individuos, consiguiéndolos esencialmente de su reducido entorno social, recomendándose una especial fiscalidad a medio plazo. El estatus social de reconocimiento por ser autosuficientes y generadores de riqueza es otro importante elemento socioeconómico. Finalmente, se proponen varias medidas orientadas al emprendimiento eficiente de este colectivo.
Open Access
LEADER una política para la dinamización del emprendimiento rural femenino en Murcia
(Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2021-10-28) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; García Pina, César; Manzanares Gutiérrez, Ángel; Riquelme Perea, Prudencio José; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Rural women have evolved in recent decades, being considered a fundamental actor for the revitalization of the territory by rural development policies. In the literature (Stough, 2016; Bjärstig y Sandström, 2017; Navarro et al., 2018b), it is speculated that these policies, together with the alternative activity to agriculture, have encouraged women to become empowered by start a business and, with their activity, energize the rural environment. In order to contribute to the knowledge of the effectiveness of rural development policies, this research is proposed in which the cases of eleven female entrepreneurs benefiting from LEADER policies in Murcia (Spain) at least fifteen years ago are analyzed. The results indicate that female entrepreneurship caused both the dynamization of the territory and the professional development of rural women. In addition, it was observed that these policies attract women with distinctive characteristics and that the LEADER policy was decisive for them to decide to become entrepreneurs.
Open Access
Cognitive determinants of social entrepreneurship: variations according to the degree of economic development
(Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge, 2018-03-23) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Rubio Bañón, Alicia; Fernández-Laviada, Ana; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
A social enterprise besides mobilizing resources and generating employment responds to social problems usually ignored by institutions. We study key factors that may influence social enterprise creation. Particularly, we analyze the social entrepreneur's profile taking into account economic development and comparing results with non-social entrepreneurs. This will allow to design more effective policies that encourage the creation of social enterprises. Using a sample of 12,061 social entrepreneurs in 59 countries in different stages of economic development from the database of the GEM Project of the year 2015. The results point out that the influence of the variables varies with the level of economic development of the country analyzed.
Open Access
The business creation process and Latin American entrepreneurs
(Cambridge University Press, Latin American Studies Association (LASA), 2022-09-26) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Rubio Bañón, Alicia; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
El emprendimiento es considerado un factor fundamental, ya que moviliza recursos, genera empleo, dinamiza la zona, etc. América Latina tiene índices de emprendimiento muy altos, por lo tanto, para profundizar en el conocimiento de los factores que influyen en el emprendimiento, es necesario investigar estos territorios. Este trabajo prueba los argumentos de factores destacados en diversas teorías como determinantes en la decisión de emprender, utilizando una metodología cuantitativa con una muestra representativa de 27.341 individuos latinoamericanos (4.416 emprendedores) con la que es posible generalizar los resultados obtenidos. Los resultados apoyan parcialmente estos factores, mostrando que los emprendedores latinoamericanos difieren del perfil indicado en la literatura. Además, también parecen indicar que el nivel de desarrollo del país determina la fuerza con la que los factores estudiados influyen en los emprendedores latinoamericanos.
Open Access
Análisis y retos del sistema de autonomía y atención a la dependencia
(Thomson Reuters Aranzadi, 2020) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; Riquelme Perea, Prudencio José; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Open Access
Análisis exploratorio espacial del índice de feminización de las ocupaciones militares en las demandas de empleo
(Area de Innovación y Desarrollo S.L., 2022-02-24) Manzanares Gutiérrez, Ángel; Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; García Pina, César; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Military occupations, which have traditionally been carried out by the male collective, are increasingly in demand by women. However, it seems that there are still large gender differences between these occupations and the others that make up the labor market. As territorial differences are relevant, it is necessary that socioeconomic studies be carried out considering the territory itself. The objective of this essay is to propose a location model that allows disaggregated information based on the segmentation of the geographic space to detect differences at the provincial level in the employment demands of military occupations. Specifically, it seeks on the one hand, to determine the territorial differences by sex of the employment demands related to military occupations; and on the other, to detect if the province is conditioning the values of the feminization index among its neighbouring provinces. The research technique used is the exploratory analysis of spatial data, defined as the set of descriptive and graphical tools that analyse spatial distributions, identify outliers, and detect forms of spatial autocorrelation. Data on job demands for military occupations have been collected from the State Public Employment Service. Among the main results, it should be noted that the values of the feminization indicators are unevenly distributed throughout the national territory and that the Moran Index does not confirm the presence of spatial autocorrelation between neighbouring territories.
Open Access
Gender and work in Europe: towards the end of inequality?
(Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge, 2023-11-27) Nicolás Martínez, Catalina; López Martínez, María; Riquelme Perea, Prudencio José; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo
Gender inequality affects the labour market of any territory. Despite government measures to eradicate it, it continues to cause discrimination. In this article, the gender inequality in the European labour market between 2002 and 2021 is analysed to advance the knowledge of this complex phenomenon. After reviewing the main theoretical contributions, the most suitable indicators are defined. The results reveal that the gender pay gap has increased in the European labour market, despite indicators such as the Gender Equality Index, employment rates, or levels of occupational segregation showing favourable progress. Therefore, governments must design efficient policies, mainly on pay equity, to achieve equal conditions in the European labour market.