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Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva

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Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva
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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Genética y Microbiología
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    Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii: clinical update and new highlights
    (Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia, 2010-03) Hernández Torres, Alicia; García Vázquez, Elisa; Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva; Gómez Gómez, Joaquín; Medicina
    Acinetobacter baumanii multirresistente ha pasado en los últimos años de ser considerado un microorganismo de poca relevancia clínica a convertirse en un patógeno cada vez más frecuente en pacientes hospitalizados, constituyendo un verdadero paradigma de las infecciones nosocomiales multirresistentes. Afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes con enfermedades subyacentes graves, sometidos a cirugía, distintos tipos de manipulaciones, procedimientos invasivos, uso previo de antibióticos de amplio espectro e ingresos prolongados, incluyendo estancia en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/Reanimación. La multirresistencia extendida a carbapenemes (MDR-C) probablemente se asocie con una mayor gravedad clínica de estas infecciones y un mayor número de complicaciones, con una mortalidad global en nuestro estudio del 49,3% y una mortalidad atribuible (en las primeras 72 horas tras el aislamiento) del 10,39%. El hecho de que el resto de fallecimientos se produzca a partir del séptimo día, nos lleva a plantearnos si es la propia infección por A. baumanii multirresistente con resistencia extendida a carbapenemes la causante de la mortalidad, o ésta es debida más bien a la presencia de enfermedad subyacente o a la aparición de complicaciones. Sin embargo, en nuestra experiencia, el tratamiento antibiótico inadecuado y el tratamiento en monoterapia se asocian con una mayor mortalidad. Es necesario llevar a cabo estudios prospectivos que contribuyan a determinar cual es el tratamiento más adecuado de los pacientes graves con sospecha de infección por A.baumanii MDR-C.
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    Open Access
    Impact of pneumococcal vaccination in the nasopharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children of the Murcia Region in Spain
    (MDPI, 2020-12-28) Alfayate Miguélez, Santiago; Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva; Menasalvas Ruiz, Ana Isabel; Sánchez-Solís de Querol, Manuel; Domenech Lucas, Mirian; González Camacho, Fernando; Ortíz Romero, M. Mar; Espejo García, Pilar; Guerrero Gómez, Carmen; Iofrío de Arce, Antonio; Moreno Parrado, Laura; Sánchez Andrada, Rosa M.; Cascales Alcolea, Eva; Lorente García, Sebastián; Paredes Reyes, Pedro; Casquet Barceló, Ángela; López Yepes, M. Luisa; Vigueras Abellán, Juan José; Sanz Mateo, Gonzalo; Murcian Pneumococcal Study Group; Cirugía, Pediatría y Obstetricia y Ginecología; Facultad de Medicina
    Background: An epidemiological study of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children was carried out five years after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Objectives: Study the impact of pediatric vaccination with PCV13, and other associated epidemiological factors on the status of nasopharyngeal carriage, the circulating pneumococcal serotypes, and the antibiotic susceptibility to more frequently used antibiotics. Methods: A multi-center study was carried out in Primary Health Care, which included 1821 healthy children aged 1 to 4 years old. All isolates were sent to the Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: At least one dose of PCV13 had been received by 71.9% of children and carriage pneumococcal prevalence was 19.7%. The proportion of PCV13 serotypes was low (14.4%), with an observed predominance of non-vaccine serotypes, 23B, 11A, 10A, 35B/F, and 23A were the five most frequent. A high rate of resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole was found. Conclusions: A low proportion of PCV13 serotypes were detected, confirming the impact of pediatric vaccination for reducing the serotypes vaccine carriage. High resistance rates to clinically important antibiotics were observed.
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    Open Access
    Infant gut microbiota colonization: influence of prenatal and postnatal factors, focusing on diet
    (Frontiers Media, 2023-08-22) Suárez Martínez, Clara; Santaella-Pascual, Marina; Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva; Martínez Gracia, Carmen; Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Maternal microbiota forms the first infant gut microbial inoculum, and perinatal factors (diet and use of antibiotics during pregnancy) and/or neonatal factors, like intra partum antibiotics, gestational age and mode of delivery, may influence microbial colonization. After birth, when the principal colonization occurs, the microbial diversity increases and converges toward a stable adult-like microbiota by the end of the first 3–5 years of life. However, during the early life, gut microbiota can be disrupted by other postnatal factors like mode of infant feeding, antibiotic usage, and various environmental factors generating a state of dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis have been reported to increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and some chronic diseases later in life, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, allergies, and asthma. Therefore, understanding the impact of a correct maternal-to-infant microbial transfer and a good infant early colonization and maturation throughout life would reduce the risk of disease in early and late life. This paper reviews the published evidence on early-life gut microbiota development, as well as the different factors influencing its evolution before, at, and after birth, focusing on diet and nutrition during pregnancy and in the first months of life.
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    Open Access
    The early appearance of asthma and its relationship with gut microbiota: a narrative review
    (MDPI, 2024-07-19) Suárez Martínez, Clara; Santaella-Pascual, Marina; Yagüe Guirao, Genoveva; García-Marcos Álvarez, Luis Vicente; Ros Berruezo, Gaspar; Martínez Gracia, Carmen; Tecnología de Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Asthma is, worldwide, the most frequent non-communicable disease affecting both children and adults, with high morbidity and relatively low mortality, compared to other chronic diseases. In recent decades, the prevalence of asthma has increased in the pediatric population, and, in general, the risk of developing asthma and asthma-like symptoms is higher in children during the first years of life. The “gut–lung axis” concept explains how the gut microbiota influences lung immune function, acting both directly, by stimulating the innate immune system, and indirectly, through the metabolites it generates. Thus, the process of intestinal microbial colonization of the newborn is crucial for his/her future health, and the alterations that might generate dysbiosis during the first 100 days of life are most influential in promoting hypersensitivity diseases. That is why this period is termed the “critical window”. This paper reviews the published evidence on the numerous factors that can act by modifying the profile of the intestinal microbiota of the infant, thereby promoting or inhibiting the risk of asthma later in life. The following factors are specifically addressed in depth here: diet during pregnancy, maternal adherence to a Mediterranean diet, mode of delivery, exposure to antibiotics, and type of infant feeding during the first three months of life.
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