Martínez Cava, Alejandro

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Martínez Cava, Alejandro

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Martínez Cava, Alejandro

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Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte

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Open Access
Movimientos olímpicos
(2019-11-22) Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Morán Navarro, Ricardo José; Ciencias del Deporte; Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte; Departamento de Actividad Física y del Deporte
Open Access
A comprehensive analysis of the velocity-based method in the shoulder press exercise: stability of the load-velocity relationship and sticking region parameters
(Termedia Publishing, 2020-08-31) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Morán Navarro, Ricardo José; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Actividad Física y Deporte
The purpose of this study was threefold: i) to analyse the load-velocity relationship of the shoulder press (SP) exercise, ii) to investigate the stability (intra-individual variability) of this load-velocity relationship for athletes with different relative strength levels, and after a 10-week velocity-based resistance training (VBT), and iii) to describe the velocity-time pattern of the SP: first peak velocity [Vmax1], minimum velocity [Vmin], and second peak velocity [Vmax2]. This study involves a cross-sectional (T1, n = 48 subjects with low, medium and high strength levels) and longitudinal (T2, n = 24 subjects randomly selected from T1 sample) design. In T1, subjects completed a progressive loading test up to the 1RM in the SP exercise. The barbell mean, peak and mean propulsive velocities (MV, PV and MPV) were monitored. In T2, subjects repeated the loading test after 10 weeks of VBT. There were very close relationships between the %1RM and velocity attained in the three velocity outcomes (T1, R2: MV = 0.970; MPV = 0.969; PV = 0.954), being even stronger at the individual level (T1, R2 = 0.973–0.997). The MPV attained at the 1RM (~0.19 m·s-1) was consistent among different strength levels. Despite the fact that 1RM increased ~17.5% after the VBT programme, average MPV along the load-velocity relationship remained unaltered between T1 and T2 (0.69 ± 0.06 vs. 0.70 ± 0.06 m·s-1). Lastly, the three key parameters of the velocity-time curve were detected from loads > 74.9% 1RM at 14.3% (Vmax1), 46.1% (Vmin), and 88.7% (Vmax2) of the concentric phase. These results may serve as a practical guideline to effectively implement the velocity-based method in the SP exercise.
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Material audiovisual de apoyo a la docencia de la asignatura Fundamentos de la Gimnasia: progresiones hacia las habilidades gimnásticas complejas
(2018) Morán Navarro, Ricardo; Conesa Ros, Elena; García Pallarés, Jesús; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Morán Navarro, Ricardo José; Armada Martínez, Celia; Facultades, Departamentos, Servicios y Escuelas::Facultades de la UMU; Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte; Departamento de Actividad Física y del Deporte
Resultados del Proyecto de Innovación Docente homónimo, que consta de una librería de imágenes y vídeos explicativos de las habilidades gimnásticas complejas, junto a los errores que se pueden cometer, ejercicios de progresiones y ayudas necesarias para facilitar su aprendizaje de la manera más eficaz.
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Level of effort: a reliable and practical alternative to the velocity-based approach for monitoring resistance training
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2022-11) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Conesa Ros, Elena; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Actividad Física y Deporte
This study analyzed the potential of the level of effort methodology as an accurate indicator of the programmed relative load (percentage of one-repetition maximum [%1RM]) and intraset volume of the set during resistance training in the bench press, full squat, shoulder press, and prone bench pull exercises, through 3 specific objectives: (a) to examine the intersubject and intrasubject variability in the number of repetitions to failure (nRM) against the actual %1RM lifted (adjusted by the individual velocity), (b) to investigate the relationship between the number of repetitions completed and velocity loss reached, and (c) to study the influence of the subject's strength level on the aforementioned parameters. After determining their individual load-velocity relationships, 30 subjects with low (n = 10), medium (n = 10), and high (n = 10) relative strength levels completed 2 rounds of nRM tests against their 65, 75, 85, and 95% 1RM in the 4 exercises. The velocity of all repetitions was monitored using a linear transducer. Intersubject and intrasubject variability analyses included the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the the standard error of measurement (SEM), respectively. Coefficient of determination (R2) was used as the indicator of relationship. nRM showed a limited intersubject (CI ≤ 4 repetitions) and a very low intrasubject (SEM ≤1.9 repetitions) variability for all the strength levels, %1RM, and exercises analyzed. A very close relationship (R2 ≥ 0.97) between the number of repetitions completed and the percentage of velocity loss reached (from 10 to 60%) was found. These findings strengthen the level of effort as a reliable, precise, and practical strategy for programming resistance training.
Embargo
The 2-point method: A quick, accurate, and repeatable approach to estimate ultrasoundderived quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area
(Human Kinetics, 2022-07-18) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Actividad Física y Deporte
Purpose: To analyze the feasibility of the 2-point method for estimating ultrasound-derived quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area (QUADACSA). First, (1) the agreement between QUADACSA measured by panoramic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was studied, and thereafter, we examined 2 approaches of the 2-point method in terms of (2) estimation errors and (3) test–retest repeatability. Methods: Both thighs of 16 young men were analyzed. Ultrasound-QUADACSA versus MRI-QUADACSA comparison was conducted at 6 thigh lengths (20%–70% of the thigh length). Thereafter, ultrasound-QUADACSA corresponding to 30% and 60% (2-point30%–60%) or 20% and 70% (2-point20%–70%) were used to estimate QUADACSA of the remaining regions. Estimated QUADACSA resulting from both 2-point approaches was compared with the measured one. Finally, the test–retest repeatability was examined by comparing the errors generated on 2 separate estimations. Statistics included the standard error of measurement (SEM) expressed in absolute (in square centimeters) and relative terms (in percentage) as a coefficient of variation (CV), as well as the intraclass correlation cofficient (ICC) and bias. Results: An excellent agreement (ICC ≥ 0.980) and reduced errors (SEM ≤ 2.43 cm2) resulted from the ultrasound-QUADACSA versus MRI-QUADACSA comparison. Although estimation errors found were reduced (CV ≤ 7.50%), they proved to be lower and less biased for the 2-point30%–60%, especially at the central regions (SEM ≤ 2.01 cm2; bias ≤ 0.89 cm2). Similarly, repeatability analysis revealed lower test–retest errors for the 2-point30%–60% (CV ≤ 1.9%) than for the 2-point20%–70% (CV ≤ 4.6%). Conclusion: The 2-point method, especially that implemented using the 30% and 60% regions, represents an accurate and repeatable strategy to evaluate QUADACSA.
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Isometric knee extension test: A practical, repeatable, and suitable tool for lower-limb screening among institutionalized older adults
(Elsevier, 2021-09-26) Conesa Ros, Elena; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Conesa, Silverio; Buendía Romero, Ángel; Franco López, Francisco; Actividad Física y Deporte
We aimed to analyze the isometric knee extension test (IKE) test in terms of i) intra- and inter-session repeatability, and ii) relationship with functional and body composition factors of sarcopenia among institutionalized older adults. Thirteen institutionalized older adults (age = 87 ± 10 years, body mass [BM] = 73.1 ± 10.9 kg, body mass index [BMI] = 28.5 ± 3.8 kg·m2) were recruited from a nursing home. Variability of maximal isometric force registered in three IKE trials performed on the same day was used to examine intra-session repeatability, whereas inter-session repeatability was analyzed by comparing maximal isometric force from two different days. Furthermore, functional (Handgrip, 6-m Gait Speed, Time Up and Go [TUG], and Sit-to-stand tests) and body composition (appendicular lean mass adjusted by BMI, ALM/BMI) evaluations were conducted. Statistics included the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM), expressed in both absolute (N·kg-1) and relative terms (coefficient of variation, CV = 100 × SEM / mean). High to very high intra-session repeatability was found for both the dominant and non-dominant legs (CV ≤ 6.0%, ICC ≥ 0.989). Similarly, both legs showed high inter-session repeatability (SEM ≤ 0.26 N·kg-1, ICC ≥ 0.959). On the other hand, significant relationships were found between Dominant and Non-dominant IKE tests and 6-m Gait Speed (r = 0.77; r = 0.58), ALM/BMI (r = 0.62; r = 0.58), and Non-dominant Handgrip/BM (r = 0.60; r = 0.68). In addition, a significant association was found between Dominant IKE/BM and TUG (r = -0.74), as well as between Non-dominant IKE/BM and Dominant Handgrip/BM (r = 0.67). These findings suggest that the IKE test is a repeatable and suitable strategy for lower-limb screening in institutionalized older adults.
Open Access
Validez y reproducibilidad de la velocidad de desplazamiento de las cargas como indicador del carácter del esfuerzo
(2015-12-02) Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y Deporte
Estudios recientes han constatado que evitar alcanzar la repetición de fallo muscular durante el entrenamiento de fuerza, y más concretamente controlar el número de repeticiones que se dejan de completar en cada serie de esfuerzo, es la estrategia más acertada para optimizar las adaptaciones neuromusculares y fisiológicas de los deportistas. No obstante, hasta la fecha el atleta únicamente dispone de la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo que está realizando para detener la serie de repeticiones, es decir, él deportista ha de interiorizar las sensaciones de fatiga que percibe durante el propio esfuerzo para detenerlo voluntariamente en el momento justo. Ese estudio tuvo como objetivo validar un nuevo sistema basado en el control de la pérdida de velocidad durante la serie que permita eliminar la subjetividad de esta medida. Quince sujetos varones con experiencia en el entrenamiento de fuerza realizaron en dos ocasiones repeticiones hasta el fallo muscular en los ejercicios (press banca, sentadilla completa, dorsal remo y press hombro) ante las intensidades (65%, 75%, 85% y 95% 1RM) más habituales de entrenamiento de fuerza. Se registró en cada test el número de repeticiones hasta el fallo y las velocidades asociadas a los carácteres del esfuerzo de -2, -4, -6 y -8 repeticiones. Los resultados muestran altos niveles de reproducibilidad inter (CV = 4,6 % - 14,9%) e intra-sujeto (CV = 2,1 % - 9,4%) de la velocidad de parada en los 4 grados de esfuerzo de los cuatro ejercicios analizados, especialmente ante cargas medias y bajas (65%-75% 1RM). El número de repeticiones que pudieron completar los participantes hasta el fallo muscular fue muy variable para cada intensidad y ejercicio (CV =10,3 - 43,2 %). Estos resultados indican que monitorizar el carácter del esfuerzo mediante la pérdida de velocidad durante la serie de repeticiones es un sistema válido y reproducible que mejora sustancialmente las desventajas de la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo.
Open Access
Efectos del grado de pérdida de peso sobre el rendimiento en lucha olímpica
Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte; Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte; Departamento de Actividad F�sica y del Deporte
Open Access
Material audiovisual para la adquisición de las Competencias Específicas de la Materia de Entrenamiento Deportivo
(2018) Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte; Departamento de Actividad F�sica y del Deporte
Resultados del Proyecto de Innovación Docente Material audiovisual para la adquisición de las Competencias Específicas de la Materia de Entrenamiento Deportivo
Open Access
Adaptations in athletic performance and muscle architecture are not meaningfully conditioned by training free-weight versus machine-based exercises: Challenging a traditional assumption using the veloicity-based method
(Wiley, 2023-06-21) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Buendía Romero, Ángel; García Pallarés, Jesús; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; Franco López, Francisco; Actividad Física y Deporte