Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review 2023, V. 26 N. 1

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    Relevant competences in accounting. The perspective of students and employers
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Blasco Burriel, María Pilar; Costa Toda, Alicia; Labrador Barrafón, Margarita
    University education is focused on the acquisition of skills by students, regardless of the technical nature of the subjects and syllabus. In the field of accounting, previous literature has confirmed the existence of a gap in expectations between the skills of students and what would be desirable from a professional perspective. The main contribution of this paper is the analysis of desirable and acquired competences from two perspectives: students and employers, with the aim of analyzing to what extent the competences acquired by future accounting professionals are adapted to those required. The study includes both generic and accounting-specific competences. The results confirm that both groups (students and employers) agree on the skills required of accountants and confirm that these relevant skills are not being adequately acquired, showing that there is an expectation gap with regard to the skills acquired.
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    Anti-corruption barriers, financial transparency and accounting quality in political parties : evidence from Spain
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Rodríguez López, Ángel; Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Gustavo; Rubio Martín, Gracia-María
    The aim of this paper is to study the transparency and quality of the Spanish political parties’ accounting information, as well as the factors that determine it, in a temporal context marked by the introduction of the institutional anti-corruption barriers, which harden the obligations in terms of financial transparency. The sample is composed by all the political organizations audited in the Auditors Court (AC) during the period analysed. The econometric model is estimated through the statistical methodologies of the linear Panel Data fixed effects and the ordered logistic regression, both with different types of accounting information. One formed with original accounting data, and another corrected and improved using the AC reports. The results show that the quality of the accounting information of the political parties is deficient and so is the level of the financial transparency. Likewise, the explanatory power of the models estimated with corrected accounting information is more significant, being the ratio of the private and public income, age, debt and the saving rate, variables that strongly affect the quality of the accounting information. Finally, the institutional anti-corruption barriers imposed in terms of financial transparency have not been enough. In fact, last year was the worst in the time series, since there is no party that discloses the quality financial information.
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    Media Coverage and corporate tax burden in Spain
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Bona-Sánchez, Carolina; Pérez-Alemán, Jerónimo; Santana-Martín, Domingo J.
    This research examines the relationship between media coverage and corporate tax burden in a sample of non-financial Spanish listed firms over the period 2003-2016. We show that media coverage reduces corporate tax burden. Our findings are consistent with a legitimation role for the media in continental Europe, such that firms subject to greater media attention show less need to resort to tax policy in order to legitimate corporate behaviour. Further analysis shows that companies subject to greater media coverage combined with a more negative tone of news show a higher tax burden. Thus, when the media threaten the legitimation of corporate behaviour, the firm will thus show a greater tendency to use tax policy as a way to restore corporate legitimation.
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    Corporate social responsibilitiy and earnings quality in the context of changing regulatory regimes and the financial crisis corporate
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Cao, Zhangfan; Rees, William; Rodionova, Tatiana
    The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and earnings management in the context of changing regulatory regimes and the financial crisis. Using a sample of 18,472 U.S. firm-year observations that represents more than 2,500 individual firms over the period of 1993 to 2018, we employ several panel-data regression models and find that firms with higher CSR engagement have higher discretionary accruals before the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) and lower thereafter. Moreover, the relationship between CSR and discretionary accruals is moderated by the managerial equity incentives. Firms practicing CSR with low incentive alignment are more likely to have high discretionary accruals and receive more regulatory scrutiny from SOX. In contrast, we find high-CSR firms engage less in costly real earnings management in both pre- and post-SOX periods. Using the 2008- 2009 financial crisis as an external shock via the difference-in-difference method (DiD), our results show that high-CSR firms engage less in earnings management during the financial crisis. The implications of our findings suggest that when facing the trade-off between different types of earnings management, high- CSR firms tend to engage in less costly earnings management. Our study contributes to the burgeoning literature on the influence of CSR on financial reporting practices by examining the relationship under various contexts and highlighting the importance of the recent regulatory framework for financial reporting quality.
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    Survey-based Evidence on Positive Synergies between Adaptive Culture and a Balanced Scorecard
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Gago-Rodríguez, Susana; Vikson, Tom
    Prior management accounting research has addressed how organizational culture may substitute or complement the use of decision-making and control of management accounting systems (MASs). However, this paper argues that not all organizational cultures and MASs are equal. Their compatibility determines whether their usage together creates any positive or negative synergies. This paper follows a 2017 surveybased methodology with 102 managers of different nationalities. Collected responses indicate the role that culture plays in their usage of the balanced scorecard (BSC) and their consciousness concerning Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Remarkably, our survey of managers reveals that adaptive cultures create positive synergies with the BSC and, consequently, positive judgments on the KPI scale.