Histology and histopathology Vol.32, nº4 (2017)
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- PublicationOpen AccessImaging the lung: the old ways and the new(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Poobalasingam, Thanushiyan; Salman, David; Li, Henry; Alçada, Joana; Dean, Charlotte H.Our understanding of lung biology can be greatly enhanced by studying embryonic and postnatal lung development, and the perturbations which occur during disease. Imaging techniques provide a unique insight into these processes. A wide variety of imaging techniques have been used to study the lungs at various stages of development and disease, ranging from histological stains to more novel techniques such as single plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), intravital microscopy (IVM), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Each of these tools can be used to elicit different information about the lungs and each has its own unique advantages and disadvantages for pulmonary research. In this review we assess some of the most commonly-used and novel imaging techniques available for lung research today.
- PublicationOpen AccessHistopathological and clinical expression of periodontal disease related to the systemic inflammatory response(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Ionel, Anca; Lucaciu, Ondine; Tăbăran, Flaviu; Berce, Cristian; Toader, Septimiu; Hurubeanu, Lucia; Bondor, Cosmina; Câmpian, Radu S.Periodontal disease with its systemic implications is highly prevalent among the population, and this correlation could have an impact on the quality lives of many humans. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and histopathological changes of the periodontium correlated with the systemic inflammatory response in periodontal disease. An experimental study was performed on male Wistar rats which were subjected to a procedure of periodontitis induction through placing silk thread ligatures around the lower incisors, under general anesthesia. Clinically, the changes of the periodontal tissue induced by the periodontitis progression were daily assessed. Two blood samples were obtained from each animal, at baseline and on completion of the experiment. The plasma level of the cytokine IL-6 and haematological parameters such as leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets were determined. After seven days the animals were sacrificed, and samples were prepared for histological evaluation. Clinical manifestations such as changes in the color, contour and consistency of the gingival tissue and the bleeding on probing were registered. Histopathological analysis showed an intense inflammatory cell infiltration, the presence of osteoclasts and an obvious bone resorption activity. A significant increase in IL-6 values during the progression of periodontitis in rats (p<0.001) was also observed. The results of this research demonstrated that the clinical and histological changes in the rat’s periodontium are correlated with a notable systemic inflammatory response. Therefore, periodontitis control can be inserted as part of the programs of systemic disorders prevention, in clinical practice.
- PublicationOpen AccessLisinopril has a cardio-protective effect on experimental acute autoimmune myocarditis in rats(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Atteya, Muhammad; Mohamed, Raeesa A.; Ahmed, Aly M.; Abdel Baky, Nayira A.; Alfayez, Musaad A.; Almalke, Hatim D.; El Fouhil, Ahmed F.The present study investigated the effect of lisinopril on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in rats, a histologically similar model to human acute myocarditis. Animals and methods. Twenty four, six week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I received no treatment. Group II received lisinopril at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day suspended in 1 ml of 2% gum acacia daily, from day 1 to day 21. To induce myocarditis, animals of groups III and IV were injected by 1 mg of porcine cardiac myosin on days 1 and 8. In addition, animals of group IV received lisinopril in gum acacia daily, from day 1 to day 21. All rats were sacrificed on day 21. Serum levels of creatine phosphokinase, troponin-T, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were estimated. Hearts were processed for histopathological, as well as immunohistochemical study for thioredoxin (TRX) immunoreactivity. Results. The wall of hearts from rats of myocarditislisinopril group showed mild focal myocarditis and a significant decrease of the mean percentage of pyknotic nuclei in cardiomyocytes, coincident with a significant decrease in serum biomarkers levels and TRX immunoreactivity, compared to myocarditis group. Conclusion. The present study suggested a cardioprotective effect of lisinopril on acute EAM in rats, probably through a mechanism related to its suppressive effect on angiotensin II formation.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe proliferation mechanism of normal and pathological human placentas(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Unek, Gozde; Ozmen, Asli; Sitki Isenlik, Bekir; Turkay Korgun, EminThe placenta, which is a regulator organ for many metabolic activities between mother and fetus, is critical in influencing the outcome of pregnancy. Therefore, fetal growth is directly related to the placental development. Placental development depends on the coordinated action of trophoblast proliferation, differentiation and invasion. Studies on cell cycle related proteins that control these events are limited. Abnormal placental development is linked to various pregnancy pathologies such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, diabetes mellitus and gestational trophoblastic diseases. The cell cycle mechanism of human placenta should be well understood for a healthy pregnancy outcome. Moreover, how cell cycle related proteins that control placental development are affected in pregnancy pathologies is not fully understood yet. Therefore, the aim of this review is to address the currently available knowledge on cell cycle regulatory proteins involved in human placental development and on the expression differences of these proteins in pathological placentas.
- PublicationOpen AccessExpression of p53 and isoforms in beningn and malignant lesions of the head and neck(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Trovato, M.C.; Ruggeri, R.M.; Guzzo, E.; Certo, R.; Alibrandi, A.; Scifo, S.; Scardigno, M.; Vitarelli, E.; Arena, G.; Gambadoro, O.; Catalano, N.; Bourdon, J.C.; Galletti, B.; Galletti, F.; Cavallari, V.Background. P53, a crucial suppressor of tumor formation, generates multiple isoforms, whose role in disease is still being defined. Methods. By immunohistochemistry, we studied the expression of P53 protein and relative isoforms in benign papillomas (PA, n=9), inverted papilloma (IPA, n=10) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC, n=21). Results. In all lesions, P53 isoforms were significantly more expressed than P53. Immunoexpression of P53 matched with P53 isoforms in IPA as well as in SCC. Simultaneous immunoexpression of P53 and related isoforms was double in SCC compared to IPA (10% vs 24%), while expression of P53 isoforms was strongly reduced (70% vs 43%). IPA showed the highest percentage of both reactive cases and immunostained cells expressing P53 isoforms. Conclusions. We found the higher expression of P53 isoforms in IPA and SCC compared to PA, suggesting their role in local aggressiveness and malignant proliferation in head-neck lesions.