Histology and histopathology Vol.25, nº2 (2010)

Ir a Estadísticas

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    Tubular epithelial cell and podocyte apoptosis with de novo sirolimus based immunosuppression in renal allograft recipients with DGF
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Munivenkatappa, R.; Haririan, A.; Papadimitriou, J.C.; Drachenberg, C.B.; Dinits-Pensy, M.; Klassen, D.K.
    Sirolimus is associated with prolongeddelayed graft function (DGF) following renaltransplantation and exacerbation of proteinuria. Weassessed renal allograft biopsies from DGF patientstreated with de novosirolimus (n = 10) for renal tubularcell and podocyte apoptosis and expression of activatedcaspase-3, Bcl-2, and mTOR and compared them tobiopsies from DGF patients not receiving sirolimus (n =15). Both groups received mycophenolate mofetil,prednisone and antibody induction. Apoptosis wasassessed using terminal deoxynucleodidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and mTOR expression were assessedby immunohistochemistry. Sirolimus treated patients had334±69 TUNEL positive cells per 5 high power fieldscompared to 5.5±2.9 TUNEL positive cells in controlpatients (p<0.001). The number of TUNEL positive cellscorrelated with tubular architectural disruption.Expression of activated caspase-3, Bcl-2, or activatedmTOR did not differ between groups. 60% of biopsiesfrom sirolimus treated patients compared to 7% ofbiopsies from controls showed diffuse podocyteapoptosis (p = 0.007). There was no podocyte expressionof activated mTOR, activated caspase-3, or Bcl-2 ineither group. These data suggest that DGF patientstreated with sirolimus have increased renal tubular cellapoptosis and podocyte apoptosis.
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    Nandrolone decanoate increases satellite cell numbers in the chicken pectoralis muscle
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Allouh, Mohammed Z.; Rosser, Benjamin W.C.
    The anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolonedecanoate has minimal androgenic effects and, thus, iswidely used to induce muscle hypertrophy in bothpatients and athletes. Although increases in satellite cellnumbers and satellite cells giving rise to new myonucleiare associated with hypertrophy in many experimentalmodels, the relationship between nandrolone andsatellite cells is poorly understood. Here we test thehypothesis that nandrolone administration is associatedwith an increase in satellite cell numbers in muscle.Nandrolone was injected at weekly intervals for fourweeks into the right pectoralis muscle of female whiteleghorn chickens aged 63 days post hatch. Age/size/sexmatched control birds received saline injections. Thecontralateral pectoralis was excised for study from eachcontrol and nandrolone treated bird. An antibody againstPax7 and immunocytochemical techniques were used toidentify satellite cells. Nandrolone significantlyincreased mean pectoralis mass by approximately 22%,and mean fiber diameter by about 24%. All satellite cellindices that were quantified increased significantly inchicken pectoralis with administration of nandrolone.Nandrolone injected birds had on average higher satellitecell frequencies (#SC nuclei/all nuclei within basallamina), number of satellite cells per millimeter of fiber,and satellite cell concentrations (closer together).Myonuclei were further apart (less concentrated) innandrolone injected muscle. However, an overallincrease in myonuclear numbers was revealed by asignificantly greater mean number of myonuclei permillimeter of fiber in nandrolone injected muscle. Ourresults suggest that satellite cells may be key cellular vectors for nandrolone induced muscle fiberhypertrophy.
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    The distribution of vasotocin and mesotocinimmunoreactivity in the hypothalamic magnocellularneurosecretory nuclei of the Saharan herbivorous lizard,Uromastix acanthinurus Bell, 1825 (Sauria-Agamidae)
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Barka-Dahane, Zohra; Bendjelloul, Mounira; Estabel, Jeanne; Exbrayat, Jean-Marie
    An immunohistochemical study of themagnocellular neurosecretory nuclei was performed inthe hypothalamus of the desert lizard Uromastixacanthinurususing polyclonal antibodies againstarginine vasotocin (AVT), mesotocin (MST) andneurophysins I and II (NpI, NpII). AVT- and MST-immunoreactivities were localized in individual neuronsof the supraoptic, periventricular, and paraventricularnuclei and in scattered neurosecretory cells. Thesupraoptic nuclei (SONs) can be subdivided into rostral,medial and caudal portions. The rostral portion of theSONs was called the SON-ventral aggregation (V SON)because the neurosecretory neurons are present in theventral part of the hypothalamus along the optic chiasma(OC). Their perikarya and fibres were only AVT-ir. Themedial part of the SONs was constituted of two clustersof neurosecretory neurons located in the two lateral endsof the OC to form the SON-lateral aggregations (LSON). In the caudal end of the last one, some MST-irperikarya appeared. The caudal part of the SONs wasconstituted of a dorso-lateral aggregation (D SON) of ir-neurons spreading over the lateral forebrain bundle(LFB). AVT- and MST- perikarya were observed in thiscaudal portion of the SONs, AVT-ir neurons being morenumerous. AVTergic and MSTergic magnocellularneurons were present in the periventricular nuclei(PeVNs). Parvocellular and magnocellular AVT- andMST-ir were observed in the paraventricular nuclei(PVNs). The fibres emerging from the magnocellularneurons which belong to these nuclei and the scatteredcells ran along the hypothalamic floor and entered themedian eminence (ME) to end in the neural lobe ofhypophysis. As a rule, immunoreactivity was alsoobserved in all the regions of the forebrain withvasotocinergic and mesotocinergic perikarya and fibres.The immunoreactive distribution was similar to thatdescribed in other reptiles.
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    Expression and distribution of the intermediate filament protein nestin and other stem cell related molecules in the human olfactory epithelium
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Minovi, Amir; Witt, Martin; Prescher, Andreas; Gudziol, Volker; Dazert, Stefan; Hatt, Hanns; Benecke, Heike
    The olfactory epithelium (OE) is unique inregenerating throughout life and thus is an attractivetarget for examining neurogenesis. The nestin proteinwas shown to be expressed in the OE of rodents and issuggested to be essentially involved in the process ofregeneration. Here we report the expression anddistribution of nestin in the human OE at RNA andprotein level. Moreover, we analysed the expressionprofiles in dependence on age and olfactory capacity.After sinus surgery, biopsies were taken from theolfactory epithelium of 16 patients aged 20-80 yearswith documented differences in their olfactory function.Our studies revealed that nestin is constantly detectablein the apical protuberances of sustentacular cells withinthe human OE of healthy adults. Its expression is notdependent on age, but rather appears to be related to theolfactory function, as a comparison with specimensobtained from patients suffering either from persistentanosmia or hyposmia suggests. Particularly, in thecourse of dystrophy, often accompanied with impairedolfaction, nestin expression was occasionally decreased.Contrarily, the expression of the p75-NGFR protein, amarker for human OE basal cells, was not altered,indicating that at least in the tested samples olfactoryimpairment is not connected with abnormalities at thebasal cell level. These observations emphasize anessential role of nestin for the process of regeneration,and also highlight this factor as a candidate marker forsustentacular cells in the human olfactory epithelium
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    An overview on the diversity of cellular organelles during the germ cell cycle
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Chuva de Sousa Lopes, Susana M.; Roelen, Bernard A.J.
    In mammals, germ cells undergo a longjourney from specification until sexual maturation.During this journey, which takes place during the entirelife cycle of mammals, the germ cells dynamicallychange their morphology, their expression profile andalso the number and character of their cellular bodies.The focus of this review will be the diversity of cellularorganelles present in the nucleus and cytoplasm at thedifferent phases of germ cell development. We discusshow these organelles associate and behave to form amultitude of bodies that have long been observed byscientists, and how their presence or absence is used tocharacterize different stages of germ cell development.These organelles include the female Barr body, polarbodies and Balbiani body; and the male sex body and chromatoid body. It is concluded thatcompartmentalization of organelles and molecules in thecytoplasm (in particular of mitochondria and RNAs) andof the sex chromosomes in the nucleus seems to beimportant for regulating germ cell developmentthroughout the life cycle