Sport TK Vol.10, Nº 2 (2021)
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- PublicationOpen AccessDoes adding extracorporeal shock wave therapy to postural correction exercises improve pain and functional disability in postpartum sacroiliac joint pain? A randomized controlled trial(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Elhosary, Eman Abdelfatah Mohamed; Hamada, Hamada Ahmed; Ewidea, Mahmoud; Al-Shenqiti, Abdullah M.; Mohamed, Jassmin EssamExamining the outcome of the extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on females with postpartum sacroiliac joint pain was the aim of this study.Forty primigravida (six weeks postpartum) females with sacroiliac pain was the sample in this study. The subjects equally randomly allocated in group A and B. Group A was treated by ESWT in addition to postural correction and posterior pelvic tiltingexercises. Group B was treated by the same exercise program only. Two sessions every week for four weeks were received by both groups. The measurement variables were sacroiliac pain and function level that were measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and the back pain functional scale (BPFS), respectively. All measurements were evaluated pre and post four weeks of intervention.The within groups analysis showed a significant improvement in VAS and a significant increase in BPFS in both groups after treatment compared with baseline. Regarding between groups analyses there was a significant improvement in VAS and a significant increase in BPFS in group A compared with group B. In conclusion, bothESWT and exercise program are effective in decreasing the pain and improving the function in females with postpartum sacroiliac pain. However, byaddingESWT to exercises in the treatment program the results are better, so this combination is recommended in treatment of females with postpartum sacroiliac pain.
- PublicationOpen AccessEffects of cervical myofascial trigger points release in post-natal females: A randomized controlled trial(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Hasanin, Marwa Esmael; Mohamed, Rania Reda; Hamada, Hamada Ahmed; Hanafy, Abeer FaragThe aim was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of Ultrasound (US) versus a combination of US and ischemic compression (IC) technique on headache pain intensity and range of motion (ROM) of the cervical region in healthy females with myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the cervical muscles, following normal delivery. Forty females (ages 20-35 years) with MTrPs in the muscles of the neck took part in the study.They were assigned into control group (US therapy for the MTrPs of the upper trapezius and sub-occipital muscles) and study group (IC technique on the active MTrPs of the muscles in addition to the US application). They received eight sessions for 4 weeks (2 sessions/week). All patients were evaluated before and after treatment for the intensity of radiating headache by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the universal goniometer to measure cervical ROM. Two-way mixed design MANOVA demonstrated a significant decrease (p<0.05) in headache pain intensity and a significant increase (p<0.05) in neck flexion, extension, right and left side bending, and rotation in both groups when compared to pre-treatment circumstances. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in pain intensity after treatment in the study group compared to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion,in healthy females after normal delivery, US alone or in combination with the IC technique is effective for releasing cervical myofascial trigger points and has positive effects on radiating headache and cervical ROM.In addition, IC technique was a complement to US in reducing the severity of headache pain, but its effect on improving cervical ROM was practically but not statistically significant.
- PublicationOpen AccessEffect of different time intervals of light emitting diode therapy application on muscle fatigue(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Rageh, Mai Raouf Mohamed; Yamany, Abeer Abdelrahman; Hamada, Hamada Ahmed; Mohamed, Rania RedaThis study aimed to identify the near-infrared (NIR) light emitting diode (LED) time response on isokinetic peak torque of elbow flexors. This was a prospective, randomized, single blind, pre–test post-test, and placebo-controlled crossover study. Forty-five healthy non-athletes were assigned at random to 3 groups equally: 5 minutes, 1-hour and 5-hours groups. Each group (n=15) had at the first session 890 nm wavelength NIR-LED, either in active or placebo conditions, prior to exercise that provokes fatigue (5 minutes, 1 hour, or 5 hours). After an interval of 7 days, the second NIR-LED condition was applied at the second session. The assessment of isokinetic peak torque was done at base line and post exercise in each session using isokinetic dynamometer. There was no significant difference between groups and between conditions in isokinetic peak torque (p > 0.05). Isokinetic peak torque decreased significantly post treatment compared with pretreatment (p < 0.01) in all groups, but the 5 minutes group showed the least percent of decrease. In conclusion, NIR-LED can most probably resist muscle fatigue with the parameters used in this study if it is employed 5 minutes before exercise.
- PublicationOpen AccessIdentifying and prioritizing the factors affecting the Iranian Sports Refereeing Ethics Code(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Kalani, Ahdieh Sadeghi; Zardoshtian, Shirin; Bahrami, Shahab; Sadeghi, MasoudThe purpose of this research was to compile a sports refereeing ethics code in Iran. The method of the present research was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). A total of 15 experts in the field of refereeing ethics in sports were interviewed by the method of snowball sampling. The results obtained from the interview led to a valid and reliable questionnaire that was randomly distributed among the referees and assistant referees of the Iranian premier leagues of team sports (football, volleyball, handball and basketball) and individual sports (taekwondo, karate, wrestling and swimming), with a total sample of 224 people. Analysis and coding were performed using the softwares Max Kyoda, SPSS and Smart PLS. Research findings showed that 8 themes and 61 sub-themes were extracted in this field, which include the components of behavior, corruption, communication, sociocultural aspect, family, respect, legality and justice, in this order of importance. In general, paying attention to the behavioral and corruption aspects plays an important role in improving the ethical status of sports referees in Iran.
- PublicationOpen AccessMujeres en los partidos de fútbol. Estudio de caso en la República Checa(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Scholz, Petr; Vespalec, TomášEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre las expresiones verbales y otro tipo de expresiones y el comportamiento violento de las mujeres visitantes en determinados estadios de fútbol en República Checa. Los datos primarios se recopilaron mediante una encuesta por cuestionario principalmente en el estadio Eden Arena en las temporadas 2015/16 y 2016/17. Un total de 120 encuestados (de 25.01 ± 10.20 años de edad) participaron en esta investigación, y todos los encuestados asistían a los partidos en una tribuna de aficionados del equipo local. Descubrimos que las expresiones que hacían referencia a demoler el estadio y otros disturbios eran consideradas las expresiones más serias de comportamiento violento (hinchas 100%, aficionadas 84% y espectadoras 64%). Por otro lado, observamos que abuchear fue considerado el problema menos grave (hinchas 100%, espectadoras 64% y aficionadas 57%). En nuestra opinión, los resultados son apropiados, pero esperábamos valores más altos en cuanto al racismo y comentarios como demoler el estadio y otros disturbios.
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