Browsing by Subject "Urine"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Detection of Stephanurus dentatus in wild boar urine using different parasitological techniques
    (Elsevier, 2021-04-15) Fernández Vizcaíno, Elena; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Moratal, Samantha; Barroso, Patricia; Vicente Baños, Joaquín; Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Stephanurus dentatus is a nematode that parasitizes the urinary tract of domestic and wild Suidae, especially in tropical areas. However, there is a lack of information about stephanurosis in wild boar (Sus scrofa), thus making it necessary to develop sensitive techniques with which to diagnose this pathogen in order to carry out further research. In Spain, the high prevalence of this nematode has been evidenced in Do˜nana National Park (DNP). The objective of the present work is twofold. The first is to compare the efficacy of three parasitological techniques to detect S. dentatus eggs in the urine of infected wild boar: (i) gravity sedimentation, (ii) sedimentation by centrifugation, and (iii) flotation techniques, while the second is to determine whether the quantification of eggs can serve as an indicative value of the host’s parasite intensity. In order to accomplish these purposes, 27 wild boars from DNP were necropsied, and the urinary system of each animal was examined in order to determine parasite intensity. While all the aforementioned techniques can be used to detect eggs in urine, the most effective in terms of egg quantification are sedimentation by gravity and by centrifugation, as they allow a greater number of S. dentatus eggs to be detected. However, none of the results obtained with these techniques significantly correlated with the number of adult nematodes parasitizing the host, signifying that counts in urine can provide guidance on only the parasite intensity of wild boar.
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    Open Access
    MicroRNA in prostate cancer: Practical aspects
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Patil, Pallavi A.; Magi-Galluzzi, Cristina
    In the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, therapy and prediction of treatment response and have earned a promising role in prostate cancer (PCa) management. A plethora of studies have been conducted on miRNA expression in PCa compared to non-neoplastic prostatic tissue, in PCa of different histologic grades and pathologic stages, in castration resistance prostate cancer (CRPC), in metastatic disease and in response to therapy, with evidence pointing towards distinctive miRNAs differentially expressed in each of these phases. In addition to tissue, MiRNA can be detected in blood, serum, and urine. The aim of this review is to survey studies conducted on human prostate tissue and biofluids and to consolidate trustworthy data on the role of miRNA in the occurrence and progression of PCa, with a delineation of differentially expressed miRNAs and an analysis of their association with PCa prognosis, progression to CRPC and metastatic disease, as well as their correlation with response to chemotherapy and hormonal therapy. Changes in circulating miRNAs may represent potentially useful non-invasive biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, staging and prediction of outcome.
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    Open Access
    Reliable and sensitive analytical platform to assess dietary exposure of pigs to mycotoxins and explore potential urinary biomarkers
    (Elsevier, 2024-12-24) Castell Martínez, Ana; Arroyo Manzanares, Natalia; Campillo Seva, Natalia; Sanz Fernández, Santos; Rodríguez Estévez, Vicente; Roquet, Josep; González, Antonio; Fenoll, José; Viñas López-Pelegrin, Pilar; Química Analítica
    A reliable and sensitive analytical platform is proposed for the assessment of pig exposure to mycotoxins through the consumption of commercial feed. A total of 48 naturally contaminated feed and 55 urine samples collected from eight Spanish farms were analyzed using a fast and simple methodology based on solid-liquid extraction (SLE) or liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used for the targeted analysis of 27 mycotoxins from different families in both matrices achieving limits of quantification in a range of 0.019–73.5 ng/g in feed and 0.011–31.7 ng/mL in urine. All feed samples showed contamination with at least 7 mycotoxins. Enniatins (A, A1, B and B1) and beauvericin were quantified in 100 % of feed samples. ENNB, tenuazonic acid (TeA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were the mycotoxins with the highest mean total concentrations (1.0 ± 1.9 μg/g, 155 ± 209 ng/g and 81 ± 94 ng/g, respectively). In urine samples, DON, TeA, ENNB1 and ENNA were the most prevalent mycotoxins; and TeA, fumonisin B1 and alternariol had the highest mean total concentration (133 ± 199 ng/mg, 0.43 ± 1.3 μg/mg and 0.29 ± 1.3 μg/mg creatinine, respectively). Statistical tests revealed the correlation of DON and TeA occurrence in feed and urine. Untargeted analysis byHPLC coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF-MS) yielded some urinary biomarkers of mycotoxin exposure and other relevant compounds such as certain antibiotic residues in urine.