Browsing by Subject "TNFα"

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    Expression of peroxisome proliferator activation receptors (PPARs) and TNFα in placenta tissues in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: An immunohistochemical study
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Papamitsou, Theodora; Toskas, Alexandros; Papadopoulou, Kyriaki; Economou, Zinon; Sioga, Antonia
    Introduction. PPAR expression in placenta tissues regulates proinflammatory cytokine production and preserves the quiescence of the uterus during pregnancy. PPAR-γ regulates inflammatory response during gestation while PPAR-δ and TNFα play a central role at implantation, decidualization and placentation. However, their expression levels affect normal pregnancy and may cause gestational complications and miscarriage. The aim of this report is to investigate the relationship of these molecules with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. Materials-methods. The miscarriage group was obtained from 12 women, between the ages of 35 to 42 years, who miscarried during the 1st trimester of gestation and controls consisted of 12 healthy women, between the ages of 27 to 39 years, who had electively terminated their pregnancies, during the 1st trimester of gestation. The abortion material was processed and specimens taken were studied using immunohistochemical methods. Specimens were taken from decidua basalis and decidua parietalis. Monoclonal antibodies were used against PPAR-γ (Peroxisome Proliferator Activation Receptor γ), PPAR-δ and TNFα (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha). The results were statistically analyzed with Mann-Whitney test. Results. Our research identified PPAR-γ expression in decidua basalis and decidua parietalis from control group and decidua basalis from miscarriage group. PPAR-δ expression was also identified in both deciduas from both groups. Statistically, no significant change in PPAR-γ and PPAR-δ expression was observed between recurrent miscarriage group and controls. On the contrary, a statistically significant upregulation of TNFα was identified in both deciduas between miscarriage group and controls (p<0.05). Conclusions. Our evidence did not support a possible role of PPARs expression in recurrent pregnancy loss. However, a potential involvement of TNFα in the syndrome was reported. Further research should be performed due to insufficient bibliographic data.
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    Relevance of in vitro 3-D skin models in dissecting cytokine contribution to psoriasis pathogenesis
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Chiricozzi, A.; Romanelli, M.; Panduri, S.; Donetti, E.; Prignano, F.
    Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by the activation of various T cell subsets secreting IFNγ, IL-17, and IL-22, dendritic cells producing TNFα and IFNα, and other immune cells including neutrophils and mast cells. Keratinocytes respond to different cytokine signals orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. In vitro studies sought to clarify the cytokine effects on keratinocytes in order to evaluate the centrality of these mediators in psoriasis pathogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight the relevance of this peculiar in vitro approach in investigating cytokine effects on skin or multilayered epidermis. Particularly, we reported keynfinding
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    The tumor necrosis factor a of the bony fish seabream exhibits the in vivo proinflammatory and proliferative activities of its mammalian counterparts, yet it functions in a species-specific manner
    (Springer, 2004) García-Castillo, Jesús; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Olivares, Pedro; Pelegrin, Pablo; Meseguer, José; Mulero Méndez, Victoriano Francisco; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología
    Information on the bioactivities of non-mammalian cytokines is scant due to the lack of the recombinant molecules and specific antibodies. We produced the mature predicted peptide of tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa) from the bony fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) (sbTNFa), and its biological role was determined in vitro and in vivo. We first demonstrated by analytical size-exclusion chromatography that sbTNFa is an oligomeric protein but the dimer appears to predominate over the trimeric form, in contrast to mammalian TNFa. Intraperitoneal injection of native sbTNFa resulted in (i) priming of the respiratory burst of the peritoneal exudate and head-kidney (HK) leukocytes, the latter being the bone marrow equivalent in fish; (ii) rapid recruitment of phagocytic granulocytes to the injection site, and (iii) induction of granulopoiesis in the HK. Interestingly, sbTNFa was able to induce a strong proliferation of HK cells in vitro, whereas human TNFa did not. Conversely, sbTNFa was not cytotoxic for murine L929 fibroblasts.