Browsing by Subject "Stomach"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Alendronate effect in esophagus, stomach and liver: An animal based pathological study
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Papamitsou, Theodora; Sotiriou, Sotiris; Papakoulas, Apostolos; Toskas, Alexandros; Kamperis, Dimitrios; Karachrysafi, Sofia; Dietrich, Eva-Maria; Lialiaris, Stergios; Sioga, Antonia
    Bisphosphonates are commonly used in clinical practice. Their effectiveness is indisputable, however their adverse effects, especially in the GI tract, are still controversial. In our report, we demonstrate pathological findings of the effect of systematic alendronate administration in esophagus, stomach and the liver of an in vivo animal model of 15 Wistar rats. Light microscopy with immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used. Microscopic findings of inflammation of the stomach and mild hepatic dysfunction were observed. Conclusively, alendronate can potentially affect gastric mucosa and liver function on this animal experimental model
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    Identification of S100A8 and S100A9 as negative regulators for lymph node metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2012) Choi, Jin Hwa; Shin, Na Ri; Moon, Hyun Jung; Kwon, Chae Hwa; Kim, Gwang Ha; Song, Geun Am; Jeon, Tae Yong; Kim, Dae Hwan; Kim, Dong Hun; Park, Do Youn
    With increasing therapeutic use of minimally invasive therapy for treatment of early gastric cancer, prediction of lymph node metastasis is important. In search of tissue biomarkers for prediction of lymph node metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma, we analyzed gastric adenocarcinoma tissue using proteomic methods. We have done 2D-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS analysis in matched normal and gastric cancer tissues. We also evaluated the clinicopathological significance of expression of S100A8 and S100A9 in gastric adenocarcinoma using a tissue microarray of 218 gastric adenocarcinoma specimens. Cell invasion and migration assay were performed to confirm functional role of S100A8 and S100A9 using small hairpin RNA lentivirus. We identified 8 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated proteins in gastric cancer tissues compared to matched normal mucosa. Of these, expression of S100A8 and S100A9 occurred mainly in stromal cells and inflammatory cells between tumor cells. Correlation was observed between small lesion size, decreased depth of invasion, a tendency to absence of lymphovascular tumor emboli, a decrease in perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis, and expression of stromal S100A8. In addition, increased expression of stromal S100A9 in gastric adenocarcinoma was associated with small lesion size and a decrease in lymph node metastasis. Functional analysis confirmed that down-regulation of S100A8 and S100A9 by small hairpin RNA lentivirus induced an increase of migration and invasion in gastric cancer cell lines. Taken together, these findings suggest that S100A8 and S100A9 are negative regulators of lymph node metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma and can be used as biomarkers for prediction of lymph node metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma.
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    Iodine deficiency induces a VEGF-dependent microvascular response in salivary glands and in the stomach
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Vanderstraeten, Jessica; Derradji, Hanane; Craps, Julie; Sonveaux, Pierre; Colin, Ides M.; Many, Marie Christine; Gérard, Anne Catherine
    Despite efforts to optimize iodine supply in iodine deficient countries, iodine deficiency (ID) remains a global problem worldwide. Activation of the local microvasculature by ID in the thyroid gland aims at improving the local supply of iodide. For this purpose, the thyrocytes secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that acts on adjacent capillaries, via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Hypoxia Inducible factor (HIF)- dependent pathway. Beside the thyroid, other organs including salivary glands and the stomach do express the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and are able to take iodide up, potentially rendering them sensitive to ID. To verify this hypothesis, ID-induced effects on the local microvasculature were studied in salivary glands and in the stomach. ID was induced by feeding young mice with an iodide-deficient diet and NIS inhibitor perchlorate in the drinking water. In salivary glands, ID induced a transient increase in HIF-1α protein expression accompanied by a transient, VEGFdependent increase in blood flow. In the gastric mucosa, ID transiently increased VEGF expression in the mucinsecreting epithelium and in ghrelin-secreting endocrine cells. These observations suggest that microvascular changes in response to ID occur in NIS-expressing tissues other than the thyroid. NIS expressing cells could be viewed as iodide sensors that respond to ID by inducing vascular changes, probably to optimize iodide bioavailability at regional or systemic levels.
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    Prenatal histomorphological development of the rumen in Dama dama
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Redondo, Eloy; García, Angela; Ortega, Cristina; Peña, Fernando J.; Masot, A. Javier
    This work studies the morphological changes taking place in the Dama dama rumen during prenatal development using histomorphometrics, surface microstructure and immunohistochemistry analysis as well as carrying out a comparative analysis of this species with other wild (red deer) and domestic-type ruminants. A total of 25 fallow deer embryos and fetuses were used, from the first stage of prenatal life until birth. The appearance of the rumen from the primitive gastric tube was observed at 51 days of prenatal life (CRL 3 cm, 21% gestation). By 57 days (CRL 4.3 cm, 24% gestation) the ruminal wall comprised three layers: an internal epithelial layer, a middle layer of pluripotential blastemic tissue and an external layer or serosa. Ruminal pillars were visible at 72 days (CRL 6 cm, 30% gestation), and by 85 days (CRL 7.2 cm, 35% gestation) ruminal papillae were starting to appear. Under scanning electron microscopy, by 80 days (CRL 7 cm, 33% gestation) small ruminal papillae were observed protruding from the surface. Morphometric results showed accelerated growth of the epithelial layer and the tunica muscularis at 180 days (75% gestation). By contrast, the growth-rate of the lamina propria and submucosa declined from the early embryonic stages until birth. The serosa maintained a steady rate of growth until birth. Neuroendocrine cells (synaptophysin) were detected at 85 days (CRL 7.2 cm CRL, 35% gestation), while glial cell markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin) were found at 108 days (CRL 31 cm, 45% gestation) and 63 days (CRL 4.4 cm, 26% gestation) respectively. Neuropeptide Y and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were detected immunohistochemically at 180 days (CRL 33 cm, 75% gestation) and 192 days (CRL 35 cm, 80% gestation) respectively. In comparison to other wild and domestic-type ruminants, histomorphogenesis of the rumen in Dama dama was similar to that reported in red deer and goats, but rather slower than that observed for sheep or cattle.
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    Sequential alterations in gastric biopsies and tumor tissues support the multistep process of carcinogenesis
    (F. Hernández y J.F. Madrid. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología., 2011) Al-Awadhi, H.; John, R.; Al-Marzooqi, F.; Vincze, A.; Branicki, F.; Karam, S.M.
    Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. In the UAE, recent data show an increase in the number of patients with gastric cancer highlighting the need for greater understanding of its pathogenesis. Gastric cancer is generally believed to develop on a background of chronic atrophic gastritis which eventually leads to intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and finally invasive carcinoma. Recently this multistep process of carcinogenesis has been challenged. Therefore, the aim of this study is to define alterations in antral mucosal biopsies and cancer tissues to investigate whether they could be used to assemble a tissue array supporting the multistep model of carcinogenesis. Gastric mucosal tissues were obtained from informed individuals undergoing endoscopy (for upper gastrointestinal symptoms) and gastrectomy (for adenocarcinoma) in Tawam Hospital. All tissues were processed for microscopic examination. Eighty nine antral biopsies were categorized as: normal (33%), mild superficial gastritis (34%) and severe atrophic gastritis (33%). About 5% of the latter exhibited evidence of intestinal metaplasia. Cancer tissues obtained from three patients were microscopically examined in three regions: safe resected margin, tumor edge and tumor center. Progressive changes in mucosal thickness, dysplasia and cellular transformation were observed, and when compared with alterations in biopsies, all appeared to represent a continuum of progression toward invasive adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, the tissue array presented in this study supports the multistep process of gastric carcinogenesis and will be helpful in examining the expression pattern of tumor markers or molecules that could help in the early detection of gastric cancer.
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    Tetranectin expression in gastric adenocarcinomas
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2002) Arvanitis, D.; Kamper, E.F.; Kopeikina, L.; Stavridou, A.; Sgantzos, M.; Kallioras, V.; Athanassiou, E.D.; Kanavaros, Panagiotis
    A i m s : The aim was to analyze the immunohistochemical localization of tetranectin in gastric adenocarcinomas and the adjacent tissues of the wall of the stomach. Methods and results: Forty cases of gastric adenocarcinomas were stained by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. Of the ten cases of mucinous signet ring cell carcinomas 5 showed high, 3 moderate and 2 low tetranectin expression. Of the ten cases of well-differentiated intestinal type adenocarcinomas (ITA) 4 showed moderate regional, 3 l ow regional and 3 nega t ive tetranectin expression. Of the ten cases of moderately-differentiated ITA 3 showed moderate regional, 4 low regional and 3 nega t ive tetranectin expression. Of the ten cases of poorlyd i fferentiated ITA 4 showed focal low and 6 nega t ive tetranectin expression. Overall, the mucinous signet ring carcinomas showed significantly higher tetranectin expression compared to ITA (c2=3.95, p<0.05). In contrast, no significant relationship was found between tetranectin expression and the degree of differentiation in I TA (c2=2.5, p>0.05). In all cases, the perineoplastic desmoplastic reactive stroma showed high expression of tetranectin intra- and extracellularly. The mast cells and goblet cells in the areas of intestinal metaplasia showed high tetranectin expression. C o n c l u s i o n s : This study s h ows that: a) tetranectin is produced and deposited extracellularly in the desmoplastic peritumoral stroma of i n filtrating gastric adenocarcinomas; b) tetranectin is more highly expressed by the mucinous signet ring cell carcinomas compared to ITA; and c) the amount of tetranectin produced by the ITA is unrelated with the degree of tumor differentiation.