Browsing by Subject "Solid tumors"

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    Open Access
    New advances on critical implications of tumorand metastasis-initiating cells in cancer progression, treatment resistance and disease recurrence
    (Murcia: F. Hernández, 2010) Mimeault, M.; Batra, Surinder K.
    Accumulating lines of experimental evidence have revealed that the malignant transformation of multipotent tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cells into cancer stem/progenitor cells endowed with a high self-renewal capacity and aberrant multilineage differentiation potential may be at origin of the most types of human aggressive and recurrent cancers. Based on new cancer stem/progenitor cell concepts of carcinogenesis, it is suggested that a small subpopulation of highly tumorigenic and migrating cancer stem/progenitor cells, also designated as cancer- and metastasis-initiating cells, can provide critical roles for primary tumor growth, metastases at distant tissues and organs, treatment resistance and disease relapse. Particularly, cancer initiation and progression to locally invasive and metastatic stages is often associated with a persistent activation of distinct developmental signaling pathways in these immature cells during epithelialmesenchymal transition program. The signaling cascades that are often deregulated in cancer stem/progenitor cells include hedgehog, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Wnt/ß-catenin, NOTCH, polycomb gene product BMI-1 and/or stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Importantly, the results from recent investigations have also indicated that different cancer subtypes may harbor distinct subsets and/or number of cancer-initiating cells during cancer progression as well as before or after therapy initiation and disease recurrence. Therefore, the identification of the molecular transforming events that frequently occur in cancer- and metastasis-initiating cells versus their differentiated progenies is of immense interest to develop new targeting approach for improving current therapies against aggressive, metastatic, recurrent and lethal cancers.
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    Open Access
    PSMA expression on neovasculature of solid tumors
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Wiele, Christophe Van de; Sathekge, Mike; Spiegeleer, Bart de; Jonghe, Pieter Jan De; Debruyne, Philip R.; Borms, Marleen; Beels, Laurence; Maes, Alex
    The use of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding agents, labelled with diagnostic and therapeutic radio-isotopes is opening the potential for a new era of personalized management of prostate carcinoma. A wide variety of immuno- histochemistry studies have shown PSMA also to be upregulated on the endothelial cells of the neovasculature of a wide variety of other solid tumors where it may facilitate endothelial cell sprouting and invasion through its regulation of lytic proteases that have the ability to cleave the extracellular matrix. Similar to the introduction of PSMA-targeting theranostics in prostate carcinoma, overexpression of PSMA on newly formed tumor vessels may serve as a target for imaging and subsequent treatment of cancer through the use of agents that are capable of blocking PSMA in its function or through PSMA-mediated delivery of chemotherapeutics or radiation agents. In this review, the available data on PSMA expression on tumor neovasculature in human solid tumors assessed by using immunohistochemistry are discussed