Browsing by Subject "Smooth muscle cell"

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    Evaluation of the smooth muscle cell eomponent and apoptosis in the varicose vein wall
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2000) Buján, J.; Jimenez-Cossio, J.A.; Jurado, F.; Gimeno, M.J.; Pascual, G.; García-Honduvilla, N.; Dominguez, B.; Bellón, J.M.
    This study was designed to evaluate the role of the smooth muscle cell and the apoptosis in the pathogenesis of the varicose vein. Segments of saphenous vein were obtained from healthy subjects and from those with varicose veins. The vein specimens were subdivided according to subject age (younger or older than 50 years) and according to the varicose vein source (distal or proximal). Morphological, ultrastructural, cell proliferation (anti- PCNA method) and cell death (TUNEL method) analysis were performed. The walls of healthy, control vein specimens acquired a more collagenous and papilomatous appearance with age. A slight increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells was also observed in specimens from older subjects. The proportion of apoptotic cells was much greater in the varicose veins than in control specimens. Most cellular alterations were seen in proximal varicose segments obtained from young subjects. These specimens showed hypertrophic areas with a high degree of cellularity (both in the media and in the thickened intima). The highest proportion of apoptotic cells and collagenisation were also observed in these areas. The enhanced number of apoptotic cells in varicose veins observed mainly in proximal/young vein specimens could be responsible, at least in part, for the acceleration of the final fibrosclerotic process characteristic of the varicose vein wall.
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    Outside-in signaling by femoral cuff injury induces a distinct vascular lesion in adipose triglyceride lipase knockout mice
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2021) Noguchi, Hirotsugu; Yamada, Sohsuke; Hirano, Ken Ichi; Yamaguchi, Satoshi; Suzuki, Akira; Guo, Xin; Zaima, Nobuhiro; Li, Ming; Kobayashi, Kunihisa; Ikeda, Yoshihiko; Nakayama, Toshiyuki; Sasaguri, Yasuyuki
    Genetic deficiency of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a rate-limiting enzyme for intracellular triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis, causes TG-deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV), a recently identified rare cardiovascular disorder (ORPHA code: 565612) in humans. One of the major characteristics of TGCV is a novel type of diffuse and concentric coronary atherosclerosis with ATGL-deficient smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Patients with TGCV have intractable coronary artery disease. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the mechanisms underlying vascular lesions in ATGL deficiency using animal models. Cuff injury is an experimental procedure to induce vascular remodeling with neointimal formation with SMCs after placing a cuff around the adventitial side of the artery without direct influence on endothelium. We report the effect of cuff injury on femoral arteries of ATGLknockout (ATGL–/–) mice. Cuff-induced concentric neointimal formation with migrating SMCs was exacerbated in ATGL–/– mice, mimicking atherosclerotic lesions in patients with TGCV. In the media, cell death of SMCs and loss of elastic fibers increased. Perivascular infiltrating cells expressing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were more prominent in ATGL–/– mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. In Boyden chamber experiments, a greater number of ATGL–/– SMCs migrated in response to TNF-α compared to WT SMCs. These data, for the first time, demonstrated that outsidein signaling by cuff-induced neointimal formation where paracrine stimuli from adventitial infiltrating cells may lead to neointimal formation and mediolysis in ATGLdeficient conditions. Cuff injury might be a valuable model for understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of atherosclerotic lesions in patients with TGCV