Browsing by Subject "Signaling pathway"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Comparison of functional glycans between cancer stem cells and normal stem cells
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Sasaki, Norihiko; Itakura, Yoko; Gomi, Fujiya; Hirano, Kazumi; Toyoda, Masashi; Ishiwata, Toshiyuki
    Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small group of cells within a tumor that preserve stemness and enhance regrowth of cancer cells. CSCs have important implications in resistance to conventional therapies and tumor relapse, although their detailed properties remain unknown. Thus, CSCs represent promising targets to improve cancer treatment. So far, a number of cell surface markers containing glycans have been exploited to identify and isolate CSCs. Cell surface glycans are well-known markers for specific cell types and also play important cellular roles, such as regulation of cell signaling. In normal stem cells, including embryonic and tissue stem cells, glycan markers in an undifferentiated state have been identified. These markers are mostly known to regulate signaling pathways required for maintenance of stemness. In contrast, CSC-specific glycans have not been well characterized yet. In this review, we summarize functional commonalities between CSCs and normal stem cells in glycan-mediated signaling pathways. Identification of CSC-specific glycans may lead to early diagnosis and radical treatment of cancer.
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    Overexpression of lncRNA IRAIN restrains the progression and Temozolomide resistance of glioma via repressing IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB signaling pathway
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2022) Guo, Aishun; Fang, Guixia; Lin, Zhenrong; Zheng, Shuishun; Zhuang, Zhijun; Lin, Ruisheng; Lin, Yanling
    Background. Increasing studies have found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to regulating tumor progression. This study explores the expression characteristics, effects, and related mechanisms of lncRNA IGF1R antisense imprinted nonprotein coding RNA (IRAIN) in glioma. Methods. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was implemented to testify the IRAIN profile in glioma tissues and paracancerous tissues, and the link between the IRAIN level and the clinicopathological indicators of glioma was analyzed. IRAIN overexpression and knockdown cell models were constructed in glioma cells. Cell proliferation was verified by the colony formation experiment, while flow cytometry was implemented to monitor apoptosis. Transwell assay was performed to examine cell invasion and migration. Western blot (WB) was adopted to compare the profiles of the apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl2, and Caspase3) and IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB pathway. Results. IRAIN was down-regulated in glioma tissues (compared with adjacent normal tissues), and the low IRAIN expression was significantly linked with the larger tumor volume and higher pathological stages. Functionally, overexpressing IRAIN abated glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, promoted apoptosis, and attenuated IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB expression and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, which was also confirmed in the xenograft tumor experiment. The WB result showed that overexpressing IRAIN inactivated the IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB pathway. Additionally, the IGF-1R knockdown model was established in U251 cells. Si-IGF-1R induced cell proliferation inhibition, promoted cell death, and reduced cell migration and TMZ resistance, whereas SiIGF-1R+IRAIN group showed no additional effects on glioma cells compared with the Si-IGF-1R group. Conclusion. IRAIN repressed glioma development and TMZ resistance by inactivating the IGF-1R-PI3KNF-κB axis.
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    The action of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone preserves retinal ganglion cell survival and visual function via the TrkB pathway in NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity
    (Elsevier, 2025-03-08) Gallego Ortega, Alejandro; Galindo Romero, Caridad; Vidal-Villegas, Beatriz; Bernal-Garro, José Manuel; Villa, Pedro de la; Avilés Trigueros, Marcelino; Vidal Sanz, Manuel; Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica; Facultad de Óptica y Optometría
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    The roles and clinical significance of microRNAs in cervical cancer
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Wang, Fenfen; Li, Baohua; Xie, Xing
    Cervical carcinogenesis induced by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents a stepwise progression from precursors to invasive cervical cancer. Accumulated evidence has shown aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cervical cancer tissues and cells. Further studies reveal that miRNAs play key roles in the initiation and progression of cervical cancer, via specific signaling pathways, including E6-p53, E7-pRb, phosphoinositide3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt, Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hedgehog pathways. Some studies demonstrate that miRNAs might serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets, presenting a potential prospect in clinical practice. All results provide new insights into the function of miRNAs and the pathogenesis of cervical cancer induced by viral oncoproteins. New approaches for miRNA-based prevention and management for cervical cancer will be developed in the future.