Browsing by Subject "Senegalese sole"

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    Effects of the isoflavone daidzein in Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis: Modulation of the oestrogen receptor-β, apoptosis and enzymatic signalling pathways
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Sarasquete, Carmen; Úbeda Manzanaro, María; Ortiz Delgado, Juan B.
    Phytochemicals are widely present in the aquatic environment and they are derived from many anthropogenic activities. The isoflavone daidzein is a natural compound that is found in the soya products used as habitual constituents of aquafeeds. Nevertheless, this isoflavone possesses oestrogenic and apoptotic properties. The present study determined the effects of daidzein (at 20 mg/L) during the first month and a half of life (from 7 to 44 days post-hatching -dph-) of the flatfish Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis, focusing at the metamorphosis. We have analysed different gene expression levels and immunohistochemical protein patterns implicated in some oestrogenic, apoptotic and enzymatic pathways. In general, the oestrogen receptor (ERβ) and stimulating apoptosis death receptor factor (Fas) transcript levels showed similar baseline patterns and transcriptional responses induced by daidzein. Both ERβ and Fas were up-regulated by this isoflavone at the pre-metamorphosis and metamorphosis, and they were down-regulated in post-metamorphosed stages. The expression pattern of the apoptotic effector caspase (Casp6) was exclusively up-regulated at the premetamorphic phase. The Birc5 transcripts (i.e. antiapoptosis, Survivin) were down-regulated by daidzein during certain metamorphic and post-metamorphosed stages. Besides, daidzein showed an up-regulating effect on both enzymatic complexes, the haemoprotein CYP1A and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), except for a temporary AChE down-regulation in some postmetamorphosed stages. Immunostaining analysis only showed increased CYP1A signals in the liver of daidzein exposed fish. Overall, a majority of the transcriptional oestrogenic and apoptotic imbalances could be gradually and/or temporarily stabilised. Most controls and exposed larvae (70-80%) developed and grew following normal ontogenetic developmental patterns.
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    Terminal carbohydrates abundance, immune related enzymes, bactericidal activity and physico-chemical parameters of the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup) skin mucus
    (Elsevier , 2016-11-09) Collado-González, Mar; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Cuartero, María; Díaz Baños, F. Guillermo; Cuesta Peñafiel, Alberto; Moriñigo, Miguel Angel; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Biología Celular e Histología
    Recently, interest in mucosal surfaces, more specifically fish skin and its secreted mucus, has greatly increased among immunologists. The abundance of terminal carbohydrates, several enzymes (proteases, lysozyme, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, esterases and ceruloplasmin), bactericidal activity against fish pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria and several physico-chemical parameters (protein concentration, pH, conductivity, redox potential, osmolarity, density and viscosity) in the skin mucus of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup) have been evaluated. Present results evidence the abundance of N-acetylneuraminic acid, mannose, glucose and N-acetyl-galactosamine in skin mucus. The levels of lysozyme, proteases, esterases and alkaline phosphatase were very similar (from 20 to 30 Units mg−1 protein). However, 93 Units mg−1 protein were detected of ceruloplasmin and only 4′88 Units mg−1 protein of peroxidase. Skin mucus of S. senegalensis showed high bactericidal activity against the tested pathogen bacteria but weak activity against non-pathogenic bacteria. Finally, a clear relationship between mucus density and temperature was detected, while viscosity showed a direct shear- and temperature-dependent behaviour. These results could be useful for better understanding the role of the skin mucus as a key component of the innate immune system, as well as, for elucidating possible relationships between biological and physico-chemical parameters and disease susceptibility.
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    Toxicity of malathion at early life stages of the Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858): notochord and somatic disruptions
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Ortiz Delgado, Juan B.; Scala, Emanuele; Arellano, Juana M.; Úbeda Manzanaro, María; Sarasquete, Carmen
    The toxicity of malathion to Solea senegalensis was studied in a static renewal bioassay for 24, 48 and 72 h, with toxicant concentrations ranging from 1.56 until 100 µgL-1. The LC50 values of malathion for 48 and 72-h was 63.5 (95% C.I: 50.83-79.34) and 22.94 (95% C.I: 17.16-30.68) µgL-1 respectively. The survival of larvae was non-affected by exposure to malathion at concentrations up to 25 µgL-1 (24 h NOEC), 6.25 µgL-1 (48 h NOEC) and <1.6 µgL-1 (72 h NOEC). At the end of the experiment, surviving larvae from concentrations smaller than the 72h-LC50 were chosen to study morphological changes during malathion exposure. Results revealed a strong disruption in the notochord and trunk musculature integrity as a result of toxicant exposure. Noticeable changes in the composition and reduction of collagen fibers from the perinotochordal connective sheath and perimysium were clearly detected. The trunk musculature was also altered, showing a general disorganization of fibers. Moreover, malathion exposure provoked pericardial and yolk-sac oedemas and histopathological alterations in some other organ- systems and tissues (i.e. liver, pancreas, intestine).