Browsing by Subject "Ruminants"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Caracterización de la campaña de trashumancia de 2021 en Santiago-Pontones (Jaén)
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2024) Maestre Díaz, Teresa; Ruíz Gutiérrez, Francisco Javier; Gómez Martín, Angel; Amores Iniesta, Joaquín; Sánchez López, Antonio; Contreras de Vera, Antonio
    La trashumancia es una práctica ganadera que consiste en mover al ganado de los pastos de mayor altitud a los valles y viceversa en función de la época del año, y una forma de vida que permite un aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos y la generación tanto de productos de calidad como de servicios ecosistémicos. En el municipio jienense de Santiago-Pontones, en la Sierra de Segura, existe una población de ganaderos que aún trashuman a pie a través de vías pecuarias hacia Sierra Morena. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar esta trashumancia, cuantificando sus censos, ubicación geográfica, fechas de inicio, tipos de desplazamiento y género de los titulares de las explotaciones. Se han procesado datos de 120 explotaciones de rumiantes obtenidos de dos bases de datos provenientes de la Oficina Comarcal Agraria Sierra de Segura (Jaén) y del Ministerio de Agricultura, respectivamente. Ambas bases de datos se fusionaron con RStudio merced a los códigos REGA y se procesaron estadísticamente con los programas Analysis y EpiMap (Epi Info7). De las 56.300 cabezas que comprenden las 120 explotaciones del estudio, el 62% practicó la trashumancia, lo que viene a constatar la gran relevancia de la actividad trashumante en el Municipio de Santiago Pontones, a pesar de que la trashumancia se encuentra en declive en el resto de España. Entre ellas, las explotaciones dominantes (55%) fueron las mixtas de ovino y caprino. Los análisis es-tadísticos detectaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el tamaño medio de las explotaciones depen-diendo del régimen de explotación (570 ovejas en los rebaños trashumantes versus 358 ovejas en los rebaños estantes), pero no entre los trashumantes que se desplazaron a pie o en camión ni dependiendo del género del titular de la explotación (el 18% estaban a nombre de mujeres). Los rebaños trashumantes de la Comarca Sierra de Segura se desplazaron a un total de 74 municipios para invernar en el otoño de 2021, pertenecientes a tres provincias (Jaén, Córdoba y Ciudad Real), siendo Jaén la de mayor cantidad de municipios de destino para los trashumantes (n=70). En cuanto a las fechas de salida, la mediana varió en función del tipo de desplazamiento escogido a la hora de realizar la trashumancia, saliendo más tarde quienes se desplazaron en camión (en torno al 10 de diciembre), mientras que quienes se desplazaron a pie salieron alrededor del 25 de noviembre.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Comparative study of the eyelids and orbital glands morphology in the okapi (Okapia johnstoni, Giraffidae), Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus, Cervidae) and the Philippine mouse-deer (Tragulus nigricans, Tragulidae).
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Nawrot, Joanna Elżbieta Klećkowska; Harłajczuk, Karolina Goździewska; Barszcz, Karolina
    The accessory organs of the eye represent part of the protective system of the eyeball. In the present study, an examination of the accessory organs of the eye of three species of captive ruminants was performed using light microscopy. In the okapi, the superficial gland of the third eyelid and lacrimal gland were complex branched multilobar tubular glands formed by mucous units with tubular secretory portions and no plasma cells. The deep gland of the third eyelid was absent in the okapi and present in both the Père David’s deer and the Philippine mouse-deer. In the Philippine mouse-deer, the deep gland had a very thick connective capsule and thick interlobar septae. It contained fewer lobes forming the gland parenchyma compared to Père David’s deer and other ruminants. Organized lymphoid follicles were present within the upper and lower eyelids only in the okapi and Père David’s deer, while diffuse lymphocytes were observed in the Philippine mouse-deer. The orbital glands in the Père David’s deer had a multilobar tubuloacinar structure with numerous plasma cells and a mucoserous character. In contrast to the Philippine mouse-deer, these glands had a serous character. The presence of several macroscopic and microscopic structural differences of the examined accessory organs of the eye in the three captive ruminant species may be understood within an ecological context and may be associated with different habitat-specific environmental conditions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Open Access
    Epidemiological surveillance of Neospora caninum in sheep (Ovis aries) and European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) in southern Spain
    (Elsevier, 2024-11-02) Jiménez-Martín, Débora; Huertas-López, Ana; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Prieto, Paloma; Almería, Sonia; Cano-Terriza, David; García-Bocanegra, Ignacio; Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria
    Neospora caninum is a protozoan with a facultative heteroxenous life cycle, with canids as the definitive hosts and other mammals, mainly ruminants, acting as intermediate hosts. This parasite is recognized as one of the major abortifacient pathogens in cattle. Although reproductive disorders have also been reported in other domestic and wild ruminants, epidemiological data on N. caninum in ruminant species other than cattle is still limited. Here, we evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with N. caninum exposure in sheep (Ovis aries) and European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) in southern Spain. Serum samples from 390 sheep and 387 free-ranging mouflons were tested for antibodies against N. caninum using in-house time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay based on NcGRA7 as a recombinant antigen. The individual seroprevalence was 26.2 % (95 %CI: 22.0–30.7) in sheep and 5.7 % (95 %CI: 3.8–8.5) in mouflons. At least one seropositive animal was detected in all the 26 sheep farms (100 %) and in eight of the 18 (44.4 %) hunting estates sampled. The presence of dogs on the farm (≥3) and the sheep breed (purebred) were potential risk factors associated with exposure to N. caninum in sheep. Our results indicate a high circulation of N. caninum in sheep farms in southern Spain. Control measures should be implemented to limit the exposure to this protozoan in sheep flocks. Although we have confirmed for the first time the presence of anti- N. caninum antibodies in European mouflon in Spain, and, despite the relatively low seroprevalence found, the impact of this parasite on mouflon populations should be further studied.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Restricted
    The inhibitory effect of flavonoids and their gut-derived metabolites on the replication of Chlamydia abortus in the AH-1 ovine trophoblast cell line.
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2019-10-15) Del Río, Laura; Salinas, Jesús; García-Conesa, María Teresa; Buendía Marín, Antonio Julián; Sanidad Animal; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
    The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia abortus causes abortion and constitutes a worldwide threat for livestock. Plant-derived flavonoids have antimicrobial effects against veterinary and human pathogens and may be of help in the fight against C. abortus. The anti-infective efficacy against C. abortus of the flavonoids apigenin and naringenin, and of four of their derived metabolites was explored using an in vitro model of ovine trophoblast cells. Overall, the anti-infective effectiveness was apigenin > naringenin > benzoic acid > 3-(4- hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid~4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid~4-hydroxybenzoic. At the lowest concentration tested (10 μM), apigenin, naringenin and benzoic acid inhibited the formation of C. abortus inclusions by 80%, 67%, and 39%, respectively. The cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects on the trophoblast host cells also differed greatly between the tested compounds. Our findings suggest that flavonoids may be of therapeutic value against C. abortus infection but metabolic conversion has a substantial and variable effect on their anti-chlamydial activity. Our results also support the notion that the mechanisms of anti-infective action may involve combined effects of the compounds against the host cells and the bacteria.