Browsing by Subject "Risk assessment"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Mental health and risk of recidivism of violence in women and elderly victims of violence
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) Manchego Carnero, Brigida Aurora; Manchego Carnero, Rocío Edith; Leyva Marquez, Evelyn
    Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el riesgo (de continuidad o agravamiento) de violencia y la salud mental de mujeres y adultos mayores víctimas de violencia de pareja o familiar, respectivamente, cuyos casos fueron denunciados en una comisaría de Arequipa, Perú. Método: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. La muestra fue de 428 personas. El riesgo (de continuidad o agravamiento) de violencia fue medido con “Fichas de Valoración de Riesgo” específicas para la población de estudio, validadas y utilizadas en el Perú académica y legalmente. La salud mental se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario de Síntomas (Self-Reporting-Questionnaire SRQ). Para el análisis se empleó el SPSS-IBM 24, utilizando tablas de frecuencia y contingencia, siendo la prueba estadística chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Se encontró asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y la salud mental con el nivel de riesgo de violencia, siendo el sexo, edad, grado de instrucción, lugar de nacimiento, estado civil, ingreso económico, ocupación y carga familiar, estadísticamente significativos. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre la valoración de riesgo de violencia y la presencia de al menos un trastorno psiquiátrico. Conclusión: Se concluye que en mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja y adultos mayores víctimas de violencia familiar, el nivel de riesgo de continuidad o agravamiento de la violencia era mayor en personas de sexo femenino, de menor edad, con menor independencia y capacidad económica, con menor grado de instrucción o cuyo estado civil era de conviviente. La salud mental no sería diferente según los diferentes niveles de riesgo de violencia, a pesar que el 50% tenía posibles trastornos psiquiátricos predominando la ansiedad/depresión y trastornos psicóticos
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    Refining stroke and bleeding prediction in atrial fibrillation by adding consecutive biomarkers to clinical risk scores
    (2019) Rivera Caravaca, José Miguel; Marín Ortuño, Francisco; Vílchez Aguilera, Juan Antonio; Gálvez, Josefa; Esteve-Pastor, María Asunción; Vicente García, Vicente; Lip, Gregory YH; Roldán Schilling, Vanessa; Enfermería
    Background and Purpose: Current European guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation suggest using biomarkers to refine the risk stratification process. However, it is unclear whether ≥2 biomarkers incrementally improve risk prediction beyond 1 biomarker alone. We investigated whether the predictive performance of CHA2DS2-VASc and HASBLED scores could be enhanced by incrementally adding consecutive different biomarkers in real-world atrial fibrillation patients taking vitamin K antagonists therapy. Methods: We included 940 atrial fibrillation patients stable on vitamin K antagonists (international normalized ratio, 2.0–3.0) for at least the previous 6 months. At inclusion, VWF (von Willebrand factor), high-sensitivity troponin T, NTproBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), high-sensitivity IL (interleukin)-6, fibrin monomers, and BTP (β-trace protein) concentrations were quantified. During follow-up, all adverse events were recorded, and biomarkers were added to CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores depending on the C index. Results: During 6.5 (4.3–7.9) years, there were 98 ischemic strokes (1.60% per year) and 172 major bleeds (1.60% per year). After the addition of biomarkers, the predictive performance of CHA2DS2-VASc was not significantly increased, although the model with 3 biomarkers (ie, NT-proBNP+BTP+VWF) showed a low gain in sensitivity (integrated discrimination improvement, 2.70%; P<0.001). The predictive performance of HAS-BLED was enhanced in all biomarker-based models, with the best prediction shown by the model with 3 biomarkers (ie, VWF+NT-proBNP+high-sensitivity IL-6; C index, 0.600 [95% CI, 0.561–0.625] versus 0.639 [95% CI, 0.607–0.669]; P=0.025). This model also confirmed an increased sensitivity (integrated discrimination improvement, 5.20%; P<0.001) and positive reclassification (net reclassification improvement, 19.20%; P=0.020). Conclusions: By adding consecutive biomarkers, the predictive ability of CHA2DS2-VASc for ischemic stroke was not increased, whereas the predictive ability of HAS-BLED for major bleeding was only slightly enhanced. The net benefit and clinical usefulness of the biomarker-based models were marginal in comparison to the original scores based on clinical factors.
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    Validation of multi-residue method for quantification of antibiotics and nsaids in avian scavengers by using small amounts of plasma in HPLC-MS-TOF.
    (MDPI, 2020-06-06) Blanco, Guillermo; García Fernández, Antonio Juan; Gómez Ramírez, Pilar; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    Pharmaceuticals are still considered emerging pollutants a ecting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Scavenging bird species may be exposed to veterinary drugs when they feed on livestock carcasses provided at supplementary feeding stations, as these are often stocked with ailing and/or recently medicated animals. Because those animals may be a source of several di erent pharmaceutical compounds, analytical methods to evaluate residue levels and exposure potential should enable detection and quantification of asmanydi erent compounds as possible, preferably from small sample volumes. Four di erent extraction methods were tested to conduct HPLC-MS-TOF analysis of some of the most common veterinary drugs used in livestock in Spain. The method deemed most viable was a simple extraction, using methanol and 100 L of plasma, that allowed quantification of seven antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, sulfadiazine) and five nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (meloxicam, flunixin, carprofen, tolfenamic acid, phenylbutazone). The method was then applied to analysis of 29 Eurasian gri on vulture (Gyps fulvus) nestling samples, wherein enrofloxacin and tolfenamic acid were most commonly detected (69% and 20%, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study including NSAIDs in the exposure assessment of di erent classes of veterinary pharmaceuticals in live avian scavengers.